【正文】 EMBED ＝１ 當吸 ＞２００Ｖ時，關(guān)閉并網(wǎng)控制器，即 EMBED ＝０ （ 4）規(guī)則四 二類負載幾：為混合發(fā)電系統(tǒng)中輔助設(shè)施所需的電能，當可再生能源輸出電能有多余的能量時，才投入的負載。 本文針對正在建設(shè)中的華南理工大學(xué)新能源中心分散式風(fēng)力一太陽能混合發(fā)電系統(tǒng)，設(shè)計了一個能量管理系統(tǒng)，根據(jù)系統(tǒng)發(fā)電、負荷用電狀況，來管理系統(tǒng)的供電模式，靈活調(diào)節(jié)各部分供電量的比例。 太 陽能電池及其發(fā)電控制器：共 5 組，太陽能電池每組峰瓦 3ｋＷ，太陽能發(fā)電控制器使太陽能電池陣列始終處于最大功率輸出狀態(tài)。 風(fēng)能、太陽能具有一定的互補性，如白天太陽光強，夜晚風(fēng)多，夏天日照好、風(fēng)弱；冬春季節(jié)風(fēng)大而陽光相對較弱。 At the wind energy and solar energies can39。s extensive value and applications. The fuzzy control through the fuzzy set with the logical inference method person39。 EMBED and EMBED output to make use of the coefficient and the solar cell arrays to output the utilization for the wind force machine of the system with respectively, namely count to amount it with the wind force machine for the set that the wind force machine be in use than, for the number and the solar energy array set total amount that the solar energy array be in use than. Take EMBED 、 EMBED EMBED ［ 0,1 ］， EMBED and EMBED mean the number that the set number and the solar cell arrays that the wind force machine be in use be in use respectively。 Two kind of loads are the electrical energies which energy center ancillary facilities and so on greenhouse control needs, when the renewable energy output electrical energy has the unnecessary energy, only then invests load. The system load and the direct ponent connection is, the direct current side which realizes through the inversion after PWM inversion, transforms for the voltage is constant, the profile good exchange electrical energy, provides for the load. The city gives or get an electric shock the controller: When can the electricity that renewable energy provide can satisfy a load of system need, giving or get an electric shock from the city to make the plement。 Studied and has designed one kind based on the graduation fuzzy control (Hierarchical Fuzzy Control, was called HFC) the algorithm energy management system management system. 3. Misty controls The fuzzy set with the fuzzy control concept is by American University of California famous Professor L. A. Z a d e h in it Fuzzy Sets， Fuzzy Algorithm and Rationale for Fuzzy Control and so on famously discusses center first was proposing one kind is pletely different with the traditional mathematics and the control theory intelligent theory. Its production not only developed the broad classical mathematics foundation, moreover was causes the puter science to simulate the significant breakthrough which the human thought aspect developed. The faintness gather to e out the person39。) Then (control measures is c。 When EMBED small in expect to be worth, can the renewable energy is in addition to the system burden in addition to providing the energy, still wanting toward direct current to keep the ability ponent electric capacity to pensate the electric power, raise the direct current side electric voltage, from can the renewable energy angle to see, need to provide the energy to be strengthen in the foundation for load: As a result define to output here EMBED for load the load strength of the opposite system energy. Xrated output the biggest power with a strong wind energy of influence EMBED and load the opposite system energy strength EMBED be the importation of the xrated misty controller, output EMBED is the utilization of the wind energy EMBED , be to output to provide to the breeze electrical engineering controller, control the set that the breeze electrical engineering open number, among them is The solar energy importation EMBED the moderate breezes machine provides the system the opposite energy the burden the strength shortage part EMBED ＝ 75 EMBED EMBED conduct and actions the fourth class importation of the misty controller, take output for the utilization that solar energy generate electricity EMBED namely EMBED is: The fourth cascade control output EMBED and the third cascade control output EMBED affects to the electricity generation control device to the load power supply. When EMBED and EMBED cannot satisfy the load request, when the direct ponent voltage is lower than 192 V, puts through the electrical work, can a solar energy mix generating system provide the electrical energy together by the electrical work gentle breeze。 由于風(fēng)電機組、太陽能電池陣列的輸出功率和負荷功率受外界因素 的影響，變動范圍較大，因而對控制和優(yōu)化發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的能量管理也提出了較高的要求。系統(tǒng)的負載和直流部分的連接是通過逆變器來實現(xiàn)的，直流側(cè)經(jīng)過 ＰＷＭ逆變器，轉(zhuǎn)換為電壓恒定、波形良好的交流電能，提供給負載。取 EMBED 、 EMBED EMBED ［ 0,1］，則 5 EMBED 和 5 EMBED 分別表示風(fēng)力機啟用的臺數(shù)和太陽能電池陣列啟用的組數(shù)； EMBED 和 EMBED ，分別為市電開關(guān)控制變量和二類負載的提供率，本文定義 EMBED 、 EMBED 為開關(guān)函數(shù)，取值 “ ０ ” 或 “1” ；當 EMBED ＝１表示電網(wǎng)接入混合發(fā)電系統(tǒng)， EMBED ＝ 0 表示電網(wǎng)從混合發(fā)電系統(tǒng)中切除； EMBED ＝１表示二類負載接入混合發(fā)電系統(tǒng)投入工作， EMBED ＝０則表示二類負載從混合發(fā)電系統(tǒng)切除。使得復(fù)雜系統(tǒng)按人類的思維方式進行運作和處理成為可能，為模糊控制器的形成奠定了基礎(chǔ)，并得到世界各國的學(xué)者和工程技術(shù)人員廣泛的重視和應(yīng)用。 （ 3）推理和解模糊接口 推理時，控制器推理機根據(jù)輸入的模糊量，經(jīng)模糊控制規(guī)則來求解模糊關(guān)系方程，獲取模糊控制器的模糊控制量。 系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)圖如圖 2－ 8所示： 系統(tǒng)的負荷是由直流電能直接提供和經(jīng)逆變器輸出，直流電壓的穩(wěn)定性成為直接影。通常把推理和輸出端具有把模糊量轉(zhuǎn)化為清晰值的過程稱為解模糊。模糊控制器的組成框圖如圖 2－ 3所示 它 包括：輸入量模糊化接口，知識庫 （數(shù)據(jù)庫和規(guī)則庫），推理機和解模糊接口 。 （ 2）規(guī)則二 根據(jù)系統(tǒng)的工作特點，取直流側(cè)端電壓 EMBED 期望值為 216Ｖ，當可再生能源可輸出最大功率大于負載要求時，可再生能源不向電網(wǎng)輸送電能。 在風(fēng)力、太陽能和負荷構(gòu)成的發(fā)電、用電系統(tǒng)中，由于風(fēng)速、日照強 度和其它氣候條件的變化，風(fēng)電機組、太陽能電池陣列的輸出功率和負荷功率都存在著較大范圍的波動，因而對能量管理系統(tǒng)提出了很高的要求。 2. 統(tǒng)的構(gòu)成 本文以華南理工大學(xué)新能源中心的分散式風(fēng)力一太陽能混合發(fā)電系統(tǒng)為研究景，系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)圖如圖２ 2－ 1示： 由圖 21可知，系統(tǒng)包括以下幾部分： 風(fēng)力發(fā)電機及其控制器：共 5 套，風(fēng)機的最大輸出功率 15ｋＷ／臺，風(fēng)力機發(fā)電控制器使風(fēng)力機始終處于最大功率輸出狀態(tài)。分別由風(fēng)力和太陽能發(fā)電來供電，其供電的可靠性大大降低。t be use directly to control to be control object, must still convert the certain control measure, we be called this process to solve the faintness or faintnesses to measure clear to turn. Usually reason logically and the exportation carries to have to convert the misty quantity as clear value of process be called the solution faintness.