【正文】 i ,etc.? Numerical control lathe technical development strategic research [M ] from now to century. Beijing: State Bureau of Machinery Industries, 2021. 數(shù)控技術的發(fā)展趨勢 摘要：簡要介紹了當今世界數(shù)控技術及裝備發(fā)展的趨勢及我國數(shù)控裝備技術發(fā)展和產業(yè)化的現(xiàn) 狀，在此基礎上討論了在我國加入 WTO 和對外開放進一步深化的新環(huán)境下，發(fā)展我國數(shù)控技術及裝備、提高我國制造業(yè)信息化水平和國際競爭能力的重要性，并從戰(zhàn)略和策略兩個層面提出了發(fā)展我國數(shù)控技術及裝備的幾點看法。 1 數(shù)控技術的發(fā)展趨勢 數(shù)控技術的應用不但給傳統(tǒng)制造業(yè)帶來了革命性的變化，使制造業(yè)成為工業(yè)化的象征，而且隨著數(shù)控技術的不斷發(fā)展和應用領域的擴大，他對國計民生的一些重要行業(yè)（ IT、汽車、輕工、醫(yī)療等）的發(fā)展起著越來越重要的作用，因為這 些行業(yè)所需裝備的數(shù)字化已是現(xiàn)代發(fā)展的大趨勢。 從 EMO2021 展會情況來看，高速加工中心進給速度可達 80m/min，甚至更高，空運行速度可達 100m/min 左右。一般認為， 1 臺 5 軸聯(lián)動機床的效率 可以等于 2 臺 3 軸聯(lián)動機床，特別是使用立方氮化硼等超硬材料銑刀進行高速銑削淬硬鋼零件時， 5 軸聯(lián)動加工可比 3 軸聯(lián)動加工發(fā)揮更高的效益。 在加工精度方面，近 10 年來，普通級數(shù)控機床的加工精度已由 10μm 提高到 5μm ，精密級加工中心則從 3～5μm ，提高到 1～ ，并且超精密加工精度已開始進入納米級 () 。為此日本先端技術研究會將其列為 5 大現(xiàn)代制造技術之一，國際生產工程學會（ CIRP）將其確定為 21世紀的中心研究方向之一。當今世界各國制造業(yè)廣泛采用數(shù)控技術，以提高制造能力和水平，提高對動態(tài)多變市場的適應能力和競爭能力。39。s own brand effect yet in domestic numerical control system, users have insufficient confidence. the ability of sustainable development, to petition numerical control research and development of technology, engineered ability weaker。t meet demands of highspeed development of the technology of modern numerical control more and more already. For this reason, studying and making a kind of new CNC system standard ISO14649 (STEPNC ) in the world, its purpose is offering a kind of neutral mechanism not depending on the concrete system , can describe the unified data model in whole lifespan of the products , thus realize the whole manufacture process, and even the standardization of each industrial field product information. The appear ance of STEPNC may be a revolution of the technical field of the numerical control, on development and even the whole manufacturing industry of the technology of numerical control , will exert a farreaching influence. First of all, STEPNC puts forward a kind of brandnew manufacture idea , in the traditional manufacture idea, NC processes the procedures to all concentrate on single puter. Under the new standard, NC procedure can be dispersed on Inter, this is exactly a direction of open , worked development of technology of numerical control. Secondly, STEPNC numerical control system also can reduce , process (about 75% ) drawing , process procedure work out (about 35% ) time and process (about 50% ) time greatly. At present, AmericanEuropean countries pay much attention to the research of STEPNC, Europe initiates IMS plan ( ) of STEPNC. 20 CAD/CAM/CAPP/CNC users , manufacturers and academic anizations from Europe and Japan participated in this plan. STEP Tools Company of . is a developer of the data interchange software of manufacturing industry in the global range, he has already developed and accused of the super model (Super Model ) of information exchange of machine tooling by counting, its goal is to describe all processing courses with the unified norm. Such new data interchange form has already been verified in allocating the SIEMENS , FIDIA and European OSACANC numerical control at present. 2 pairs of basic estimations of technology and industry development of numerical control of our country The technology of numerical control of our country started in 1958, the development course in the past 50 years can roughly be divided into 3 stages: The first stage is from 1958 to 1979, . closed developing stage. In this stages, technology of foreign countries blockade and basic restriction of terms of our country, the development of the technology of numerical control is paratively slow. During Sixth FiveYear Plan Period , the Seventh FiveYear Plan Period of the country in second stage and earlier stage in the Eighth FiveYear Plan Period , introduce technology , digest and assimilate, the stage of establishing the system of production domesticization arisesing tentatively. At this stage , because of reform and openingup and national attention , and study the improvement of the development environment and international environment, research , development and all making considerable progress in production domesticization of the products of the technology of numerical control of our country. The third stage is that on the later stage in the Eighth FiveYear Plan Period of the country and during the Ninth FiveYear Plan Period , implement the research of industrialization , enter market petition stage. At this stage, made substantive progress in industrialization of the domestic numerical control equipment of our country. In the Ninth FiveYear Plan latter stage, domestic numerical control domestic market share of lathe reach 50% , mix domestic numerical control system (popular ) to up to 10%. Review the development course in the past 50 years of technology of numerical control of our country, especially pass the brainstorm of 4 FiveYear Plans, all in all has made following achievements. a. Have establish the foundation of the technical development of numerical control, has basically mastered the technology of modern numerical control. Our country know from numerical control system , servo urge , numerical control host puter , special plane and their basic of fittings basically already now, among them most technology have already possessed the foundation that is mercialized and developed , some technology has already, industrialization mercialized. formed the industrial base of numerical control tentatively. In tackling key problems the foundation that the achievement and some technology mercialize , set up the systematic factories of numerical control with production capacity of batch such as numerical control of Central China , spaceflight numerical control etc.. Electrical machinery plant of Lanzhou, a batch of servo systems and first machine tool plant , first machine tool plant of Jinan of servo electrical machinery factory and Beijing ,etc. several numerical control host puter factori