【正文】 確定的 Z方向 偏移值 （ b） 預(yù)定長(zhǎng)度的工具 （ c） 使用傳感器探頭。機(jī)械表在工作中不斷變化的相對(duì)主軸的中心位置，如圖 所示。 在設(shè)定的機(jī)器 期 間 第一部分將被放置在副 軸 當(dāng)機(jī)器處于手動(dòng)控制 。在所需的方向 X軸 300175=325mm 和 Y 軸 110mm 有最大可能的運(yùn) 動(dòng)。譯文一 換刀坐標(biāo) 該機(jī)有手動(dòng)換刀設(shè)施和通過(guò)主軸停止響應(yīng)換刀操作并完全回到它刀庫(kù)的位置 。 提供 間隙是為了 防止覆蓋微動(dòng)開(kāi)關(guān)被 打開(kāi)，這個(gè)建議是指 最大可能的運(yùn)動(dòng)不應(yīng)該被編程 。 當(dāng)計(jì)算機(jī)程序控制下，新工作的空白將取代完成所有的加工操作結(jié)束時(shí) 。 ? 設(shè)置銑削和鉆削 刀 具 如果機(jī)器有一個(gè) 刀具 儲(chǔ)存設(shè)施， 刀 具可以自動(dòng)選擇，該 刀 具已被放置在 對(duì)應(yīng)的位置是由程序員編號(hào)分配。 ? 移動(dòng)主軸 在設(shè)置了刀具要先進(jìn)的 Z軸 。 ? 手動(dòng)換刀 這是最復(fù)雜的方法與手動(dòng)換刀的一個(gè)重要的考慮因素是，高效的運(yùn)作是依賴(lài)于操作的能力，以選擇正確的工具來(lái)加載。數(shù)量必須是 刀架本身，或在該工具安裝在機(jī)器上的位置。 自動(dòng)換刀系統(tǒng)使用的數(shù)字標(biāo)識(shí)的工具。它是必不可少的工具庫(kù)，其中列出了所有可用的工具。工具的數(shù)量是“讀”時(shí)，在接近傳感頭的工具傳遞。一類(lèi)是有需要不到一個(gè)完整的回合，以確保主軸刀架的主軸夾緊環(huán)。有標(biāo)準(zhǔn)尺寸刀柄柄，大小不等，從第 10 ISO 到第 60ISO，這些都與順序分別為 16mm 和 108mm 最大規(guī)模的蠟燭。 the number must be either on the tool holder itself, or on the location in which the tool is mounted on the machine. Tool identification is very Important as a wrong tool can cause considerable demage. During manual tool changing the tool has to be selected by the operator. A skilled operator should be capable of recognizing the tools to be used for a particular machining operation especially when an operation schedule and tool detail sheet has been provided. For operators’ convenience there are various tool identification aids that can be used. One technique is to have a special stand in which the tools are held in numbered locations – the stand is linked to the control unit. The number of the tool required for a particular operation being called up from information stored in the part program, and a light at the required tool location in the stand is illuminated, or the location number displayed on the control unit’ s screen. With this arrangement it is essential that the tools are placed in the correct location at the setting up stage, and also replaced correctly after use. Automatic tool changers use a number of systems to identify the tool. One system used on machining centres of identifying the tools themselves has a series of rings or discs fitted on the body of the tool holder. The rings are all of equal thickness but are two different diameters. The largerdiameter rings activate microawitches at the reading head。在使用工具的數(shù)量更大，更多的問(wèn)題是在工具維護(hù)和加工成本較高。同樣，與線性型刀庫(kù)的加工中心， 5， 6， 7 人數(shù)的加工中心配置和 8 聯(lián)系分別為1， 5， 20 和 60。伊藤和信乃（ 1982 年， 1983 年和 1987 年）產(chǎn)生的使用有向圖的機(jī)床結(jié)構(gòu)配置。 現(xiàn)有的機(jī)制 在設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程的第一步是研究現(xiàn)有的機(jī)制和締結(jié)的拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)和運(yùn)動(dòng)特性，加工中心機(jī)床的 4 個(gè)基本組成部分：一軸，刀庫(kù)，轉(zhuǎn)變機(jī)制的工具組成，以及機(jī)床結(jié)構(gòu)包括權(quán)力軸的議案。 本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)坐標(biāo)系是右手直角笛卡兒之一，相關(guān)的工件安裝在一臺(tái)機(jī) 器，與校長(zhǎng)的線性橫向這臺(tái)機(jī)器相一致。 必須有一個(gè)根 ，這是由主軸頭路位于工作表中的幀。如果這個(gè)頂點(diǎn)不存在，刪除此圖并轉(zhuǎn)到步驟 6。對(duì)于我們來(lái)說(shuō)，拓?fù)浼s束列舉如下： 該掛件頂點(diǎn) 必須是主軸，工具雜志，或工作表。 Erdman, et al., 1980。 Yan and Chen, 1985。 在轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)兩人必須與主軸或刀庫(kù)事件，以及圓柱對(duì)必須與工具雜志事件。 選擇一個(gè)頂點(diǎn)，這是從掛件頂點(diǎn)從主軸頭路徑幀分行位于頂點(diǎn)分支，作為工具雜志。 與必須被看作是對(duì)分配的主軸轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)邊事件。追加的臥式加工中心的 ISO 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的原理圖如圖所示。主軸旋轉(zhuǎn)工具機(jī)到所需的工件表面。的配置代碼的概念被廣泛采用的 5 配置合成軸機(jī)床（石澤等， 1991。 導(dǎo)言 加工中 心運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)可以被看作是一個(gè)開(kāi)放型的機(jī)制，他們與特定的拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)的特殊功能。 需要更多的能量移動(dòng)較大的 庫(kù) 。 the ceramic cover of the sensing face is resistant to hot metal chips. There are two forms of this system。錐度部分，以確保時(shí)繪制成主軸刀架，刀具中心是 硬幣的入射與主軸中心。拉桿可以快速旋轉(zhuǎn)，由一種特殊的機(jī)制。據(jù)悉，數(shù)量的讀數(shù)速度可達(dá) 30M/MIN 到。在圖 中的二進(jìn)制前三名環(huán)可以用來(lái)指示工具的類(lèi)型，其余環(huán)，可以用來(lái)顯示工具的大小。 環(huán)都是平等的厚度 ，但是兩個(gè)不同的直徑。 在手工更改刀具必須由操作員選擇。 （ a） 改變與快速夾緊行動(dòng)刀柄的工具時(shí)，從整體時(shí)間停下來(lái)重新啟動(dòng)切割自動(dòng)方法可以接近。 外文原文一 Coordinates for tool changing The machine has manual tool changing facilities, and responds to a tool change operation by the spindle stopping and retracting fully to its home position. M06 also turns the coolant off if it is flowing. The work table should be positioned so that the tools can be removed and replaced in the spindle nose without interference from the work or vice. To provide this facility the machine table has to be moved away from the operator towards the left and the rear of the machine. This will also enable the operator to be able to reach for the tool without having to lean over the work. To determine the programmed coordinates of a safe position for tool changing it is necessary to consider the position of the work on the work table. With reference to Figure , the machine setting point is at machine coordinates of X175 and Y110. there is a maximum possible movement in the direction required of 300175=325 ㎜ on the X axis and 110 ㎜on the Y axis. To provide clearance to prevent the override microswitches being activated, it is remended that the maximum possible movement should not be programmed. The coordinates chosen for the tool change are X 300 and Y – will position the table so that there will be clearances of 25 and 10 ㎜ respectively on the X and Y axes to the microswitches. For a tool change the machine table will move so that the position of the centre of the spindle relative to the machine table will be as shown in Figure . On machines which have automatic tool changing facilities it may not be necessary to calculate the coordinates for tool changing. The control system may automatically position the tool spindle at the correct position ready for the tool transfer mechanism when a tool change is programmed. Where it is necessary to calculate the coordinates it is essential that the spindle head is moved so that there is adequate clearance for the transfer mechanism to operate without interference. The first ponent will be placed in the vice when the machine is under manual control during the setting up of the machine . when the machine is under program control, new work blanks will replace the finished workplace at the end of all the machineing operations. To provide sufficient space to carry out the work change, the machine table should be moved away from the tool in the spindle and towards the front of the machine or to a position nearest and convenie