【正文】 種要求，只要 通過自由編程就可獲得，體現(xiàn)了加工形狀的柔性。 當(dāng)沖模重新配置或更換時(shí)，這些變化則會(huì)被參數(shù)并被控制系統(tǒng)所貯存，以務(wù)下次查詢和調(diào)用。敏捷度含義則是指減少?zèng)_壓件的生主準(zhǔn)備時(shí)間達(dá) 30%，包括模具設(shè)計(jì)、試樣制造和工裝準(zhǔn)備時(shí)間，以達(dá)到極大縮短新車型制造周期的目的，該項(xiàng)目飲食有沖壓和裝配的集成設(shè)計(jì)、沖壓系統(tǒng)敏捷設(shè)計(jì)和制造、沖壓過程的智能檢測(cè)和監(jiān)控、全系統(tǒng)集成4個(gè)子項(xiàng)目。限于本文篇幅，這里主要介紹內(nèi)壓成形和電磁成形兩項(xiàng)技術(shù)。當(dāng)線圈在工件內(nèi)時(shí)，電磁力將使工件外張成形，屬當(dāng)前應(yīng)用較廣泛的一種工藝；當(dāng)線圈平面平行于板件放置時(shí)，電磁力將使工件拉伸成形。 監(jiān)視系統(tǒng)使用的位移及角度傳感器有光學(xué)式及電學(xué)式二種，前者有激光測(cè)試技術(shù)和模似光珊技術(shù)支持；后者有電感流式及介質(zhì)電容式，它們的測(cè)試精度分辯率都可達(dá)到 110um級(jí) 的水平。 沖壓過程引起工件質(zhì)量發(fā)生變化的原因主要有凹凸沖模的磨損、裂紋及沖模錯(cuò)位等，這些微小變化可由高分辯率的位移轉(zhuǎn)感器和沖壓力轉(zhuǎn)感器進(jìn)行跟蹤檢測(cè)。 利用通電線圈產(chǎn)生的電磁力的電磁成形工藝，是目前頗有前途的另一種新型加工手段。這要求并促進(jìn)特種沖壓成形技術(shù)如液壓成形、精密成形、爆炸成形、旋壓成形、無(wú)模成形、激光成形和電磁成形技術(shù)的發(fā)展。該項(xiàng)目與 “ 2MM工程 ” 都是 90年代后期美國(guó)汽車界開展的大型研究項(xiàng)目。這種沖壓系統(tǒng)在運(yùn)行時(shí)可進(jìn)行沖模橫向位移、帶材進(jìn)給定位、沖模重復(fù)運(yùn)行及自動(dòng)調(diào)整下工步的沖模調(diào)整等多項(xiàng)功能?？諝庾枇p少，又可減少?zèng)_壓件數(shù)量及焊點(diǎn)，能有效地降低成本。 (3) workpiece surface appearance only with pressure liquid contact, pressure is gentle, parts forming process changes, can obtain the symmetry of uniform pressure distribution, and can winner much better smooth outside surface, (4) in stamping and bloom some hydraulic tool charge can reduce 40%, special reduced convex parts processing of takt time is shorter, about MIN, this in special forming process is shorter, may realize the batch production. Using the electromagic force generated electricity coil electromagic forming process, is the present quite promising another new processing method. This process from 1960s nuclear fission research achievement, but unfortunately has not been people attention. Electromagic forming technology principle diagram, when the coil access to electricity. Few microseconds inside establish electromagic field, so the metal workpieces especially conductivity strong copper aluminum texture produce electric current, a current, induced current induced by magic force and effect, make the workpiece create tension and anastomosis and rapid forming. When the coil in the workpiece in electromagic force will make workpiece outside of the current application, zhang forming widespread a kind of technology, When the coil planar parallel to the board piece is placed, electromagic force will make workpiece stretch forming. Electromagic forming technology is a noncontact forming process, and its outstanding merits are shaping a rapid high efficiency, 2 it is often used in metal or nonmetal connection, can replace adhesive or welding, A third is not consumption lymphocy help materials such as lubricating grease, etc, the advantageous environment protection. Stamping process automatic monitoring Modern scramjet another important feature is for punching process automatic monitoring to protect the stamping quality. In the mm stamping project automatic detection and monitoring, its research results will include: 1. The stamping process characteristics of online preach diagnosis and detection system, 2. High speed and noncontact measuring system。 (3) special stamping technology。 (4) puter simulation stamping mold testing technology。 the stamping 3. Die maintenance scientific prediction system。而且現(xiàn) 代汽車制造大量使用卷料、薄殼式整體車身結(jié)構(gòu)的高強(qiáng)度鋼板與鍍鋅鋼板，都要求應(yīng)用沖壓新工藝。由于在沖壓過程中進(jìn)行可編程沖壓，使這種模塊式?jīng)_壓系統(tǒng)能柔性地適應(yīng)生產(chǎn)需求，能在相同帶材上進(jìn)行曲不同工件及批次的混合生產(chǎn)，實(shí)現(xiàn)不停機(jī)的串接式加工，還同時(shí)在工件兩面沖壓加工，極大地提高了工作效率，有資料表明，模塊式?jīng)_壓成形使加工費(fèi)用能下降至 40%50%。所謂 “ 2MM工程 ” 就是把車知、身裝配尺寸變動(dòng)量控制在 2MM之內(nèi)，大大嚴(yán)于原先的 8MM誤差范圍。限于本文篇幅，這里主要介紹內(nèi)壓成形和電磁成形兩項(xiàng)技術(shù)。該工藝源于六十年代核裂變研究的成果，但可惜一直沒被人們注重。其中位移測(cè)量是極重要的一種測(cè)量，該裝置通常由安裝在模具上方的關(guān)源和位于下方的接收單元構(gòu)成，可監(jiān)視偏差、跟蹤加工全過程、及時(shí)輸出監(jiān)測(cè) 信息和進(jìn)行報(bào)警停機(jī)。圖形處理系統(tǒng)是由象儀、光學(xué)儀和照明裝置等組成，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的 CCD象儀的珊格分辯率為 750X580條珊格，水平方向每珊格為 ，垂直方向精度為 。數(shù)微秒內(nèi)建立起磁場(chǎng)，使金屬工件尤其是導(dǎo)電率強(qiáng)的銅鋁材質(zhì)感生出電流 ，感生出電流，感生電流又將受到磁場(chǎng)力作用，使工件產(chǎn)生張力與凹模吻合而迅速成形。這要求并促進(jìn)特種沖壓成形技術(shù)如液壓成形、精密成形、爆炸成形、旋壓成形、無(wú)模成形、激光成形和電磁成形技術(shù)的發(fā)展。 亞毫米沖壓的中心是沖壓件的精 度與敏捷度兩個(gè)目標(biāo)，精度就是使沖壓件尺寸準(zhǔn)確度控制在0毫米或亞毫米的水平，其關(guān)鍵是控制車身支架、立柱等結(jié)構(gòu)件的尺變動(dòng)，并使車身覆蓋件分塊度大，如采用整體左右側(cè)板和頂蓋板等。整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的可編程 在 WINDOWS用戶界面和菜單下實(shí)現(xiàn)，編程涉及模具沿著橫向定位軸的伺服驅(qū)動(dòng)定位，帶材的檢驗(yàn)矯正及縱向進(jìn)給定位，沖壓件的質(zhì)量跟蹤檢驗(yàn)，沖模的調(diào)整及壓力機(jī)；狀況監(jiān)控等多功能。 模塊式?jīng)_壓 模塊式?jīng)_壓的突出優(yōu)點(diǎn)