【正文】 mes39。s not too much credit. Small and mediumsized enterprises generally weak awareness of honesty, similar to a few of the mon phenomenon, may report on tax on some, less ugly statements in Banks, this intersection, some may form goodlooking, such loans point is reliable became a problem. But this approach is very adverse instead of enterprises, the development of small and mediumsized enterprises are not healthy, we imagine, if several departments with all these together, the first this enterprise is not sincere, he will have a foothold. We manufacture and exportoriented smes in human resources, technology, capital, market environment faced financial crisis, there was a huge pressure, the development of it is the root cause of the scientific and technological content of the enterprise, the innovation ability of high enough to enter the market is weak, the low threshold, the fierce petition in the market will increase, these are not good for the development of small and mediumsized enterprises. Second, from the bank, for small and mediumsized enterprise credit conditions stricter, because we are most Banks, it is also considered mercial bank, the risk of their own profits. To the end of 2021, the small bad loans is higher than that of the entire banking industry relies low percentage of stateowned enterprises, like a big problem, once, countries will still e mamp。努力節(jié)能降耗、降本增效、增收節(jié)支。就是把銀行當(dāng)作工廠，中小企業(yè)是原材料，進(jìn)入流水線后經(jīng)過(guò)營(yíng)銷、銷售、業(yè)務(wù)申報(bào)、審批、支用、客戶維護(hù)和貸后管理，獲得貸款。大銀行做業(yè)務(wù)的時(shí)候，通常看資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表、損益表、現(xiàn)金流量表，中小企業(yè)有的連這三表都沒(méi)有，銀行信息成本很高，導(dǎo)致惜貸 , 浙江泰隆商業(yè)銀行進(jìn)行創(chuàng)新 , 他們就看水表、電表、海關(guān)報(bào)關(guān)表，大量降低成本，使得小額貸款還能夠有錢(qián)可賺。此外政府應(yīng)大力推動(dòng)債券市場(chǎng)的發(fā)展，為中小企業(yè)債券融資提供更多的便利，在發(fā)達(dá)市場(chǎng)國(guó)家，債券融資是企業(yè)主要的融資方式，以美國(guó)為例， 2021 年，美國(guó)的公司債券發(fā)行額是同期股票發(fā)行額的 5 倍，與美國(guó)、歐洲等國(guó)家和地區(qū)相比，我國(guó)債券市場(chǎng)還有很大拓展的空間。 4 、政府應(yīng)該積極推進(jìn)多層次資本市場(chǎng)體系建設(shè) , 以更好的滿足包括中小企業(yè)在內(nèi)的各類企業(yè)的融資需求。 4 2021 年開(kāi)始，央行又著手建立中小企業(yè)信用體系 ，希望把征信體系覆蓋到 那些和金融機(jī)構(gòu)沒(méi)有信貸關(guān)系的中小企業(yè)。盡管符合創(chuàng)業(yè)板上市條件的中小企業(yè)不少，但真正能夠上市融資，對(duì)于很多企業(yè)來(lái)說(shuō)，仍然是一種奢 望。我們的制造型和外向型中小企業(yè)在人才、技術(shù)、資金、市場(chǎng)環(huán)境等方面面對(duì)著金融危機(jī)，存在著巨大的發(fā)展壓力，它的根本原因是企業(yè)的科技含量不夠高，創(chuàng)新的能力比較弱，進(jìn)入市場(chǎng)的門(mén)檻比較低，市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的激烈也增加 , 這些都不利于中小企業(yè)的發(fā)展壯大。 2 中小企業(yè)融資難相關(guān)問(wèn)題分析 一、中小 企業(yè)融資難現(xiàn)狀 改革開(kāi)放 30 年來(lái)，我國(guó)的中小企業(yè)得到了迅速的發(fā)展，占企業(yè)總數(shù) 99％的中小企業(yè)對(duì)我們國(guó)家 GDP 貢獻(xiàn)超過(guò)了 60％，稅收超過(guò)了 50％，提供了 70％的進(jìn)出口貿(mào)易和 80％的城鎮(zhèn)就業(yè)崗位。 二、中小企業(yè)融資難原因分析 中小企業(yè)融資難、貸款難應(yīng)該說(shuō)也是一個(gè)世界性的難題，從我國(guó)看，既有體制機(jī)制問(wèn)題，也有中小企業(yè)自身的問(wèn)題，主要有三個(gè)方面的原因：第一個(gè)，中小企業(yè)自身的問(wèn)題 , 中小企業(yè)一般規(guī)模小，實(shí)力弱，它的信譽(yù)不是太高。第三個(gè)，中小企業(yè)融資渠道太窄，中小企業(yè)在資本市場(chǎng)上直接融資的途徑有證券市場(chǎng)、包括中小板和創(chuàng)業(yè)板；還有私募股權(quán)基金、產(chǎn)業(yè)投資基金、創(chuàng)業(yè)投資基金、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資基金，以及債券市場(chǎng)等等?，F(xiàn)在我國(guó)有大概一百多家村鎮(zhèn)銀行， 村鎮(zhèn)銀行的成立對(duì)改善縣經(jīng)濟(jì)投資的瓶頸，包括改善中小企業(yè)和支持三農(nóng)發(fā)展將會(huì)起到非常重要的作用。例如凡是給中小企業(yè)貸款的，那么就根據(jù)銀行的貸款量，減少它的稅收，減少營(yíng)業(yè)稅、所得稅 。創(chuàng)辦板推出將為自主創(chuàng)新的企業(yè)提供有效的監(jiān)管機(jī)制，推動(dòng)一批中小企業(yè)邁上新的發(fā)展臺(tái)階。目前全國(guó)很多省份的中小銀行都開(kāi)展了面向中小企業(yè)的金融創(chuàng)新實(shí)驗(yàn)，如江蘇農(nóng)信社廣泛推廣倉(cāng)單質(zhì)押，通過(guò)庫(kù)存產(chǎn)品作為 抵押取得貸款；天津?yàn)I海農(nóng)村商業(yè)銀行積極開(kāi)展企業(yè)股權(quán)質(zhì)押貸款 。我國(guó)商業(yè)銀行大都是官辦的銀行，習(xí)慣在房子里坐等客戶，一筆貸款要審批一個(gè)月、三個(gè)月，這樣一種管理、這樣一種審批效果是不可能適應(yīng) 中小企業(yè)金融服務(wù)，也不可能來(lái)改善中小企業(yè)的融資困難。在機(jī)制建設(shè)以后就要有一批人能夠做這件事情，而且把它做得很好，這就要加強(qiáng)員工的培訓(xùn)，進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)對(duì)中小企業(yè)、微小企業(yè)貸款以及高新技術(shù)的中小企業(yè)的貸款工作的培訓(xùn)和交流的力度，加大整個(gè)產(chǎn)品應(yīng)變研發(fā)的力度，用新的激勵(lì)約束的辦法來(lái)培養(yǎng)一支專業(yè)的隊(duì)伍和新的服務(wù)文化。 7 Sme financing problems related to the analysis First， small and mediumsized enterprise financing status Reform and opening up, China for 30 years of small and mediumsized enterprises obtained a rapid development of enterprise, 99% of the small and mediumsized enterprises of our country more than 60% GDP contribution, tax over 50%, provides 70% of import and export trade and 80% of urban jobs. Small and mediumsized enterprises in our country is also an important power of independent innovation, 66% of invention patent, 82% of new product development of small and mediumsized enterprises, from small and mediumsized enterprises has bee the economic prosperity, expanding employment, adjusting structure, promote innovation and new industries of important strength. From 80 years since the outbreak of the international financial crisis, the implementation of the positive fiscal policy and looser moary policy, but no small and mediumsized enterprises from the proactive fiscal policy and moderate looser moary policy benefit directly, for instance, of the new 2021 225 million small loan only, more than the previous year, but rose % only the loans increased %, 09 year three months of national total credit increased 4 8 trillion, including loans to small and mediumsized enterprises increased amount only less than 5%. Current, loan financing difficult has bee the bottleneck of restricting the