【正文】 the rational use of natural resources and appropriate management of the building stock will contribute to saving scarce resources, reducing energy consumption (energy conservation), and improving environmental quality. Sustainable building involves considering the entire life cycle of buildings, taking environmental quality, functional quality and future values into account environmental initiatives of the construction sector and the demands of users are key factors in the market. Governments will be able to give a considerable impulse to sustainable buildings by encouraging these developments. Further the various energy related issues during the different phases in the construction of buildings can be understood with respect to the chart shown in Figure2. B. Environmentally Friendly Houses Following the five basic principles of environmentally oriented design can lead to the construction of what can be called as Environmentally Friendly House. An environmentally friendly house is designed and built to be in tune with its occupants, nature, environment and ecosystem. It is designed and built according to the region it is located in, keeping in mind the climate, material, availability and building practices. The basic areas of design need to be considered at this stage can be listed as: ??Orientation ??Reduce Energy Gain or Loss ??Lighting ??Responsible Landscaping ??Waste Management ??External Ventilation C. Green Building A green building places a high priority on health, environmental and resource conservation performance over its life cycle. These new priorities expand and plement the classical building design concerns: economy, utility, durability and delight. Green design emphasize a number of new environmental, resource and occupant health concerns: ??Reduce human exposure to noxious materials. ??Conserve nonrenewable energy and scarce materials. ??Minimize life cycle ecological impact of energy and materials used. ??Use renewable energy and materials that are sustainable harvested. ??Protect and restore local air, water, soil, flora amp。 Material and Aesthetics are the basic parameters of defining design. They should be so integrated that the final oute is a well built, convenient and a beautiful living space. These principles of environmentally oriented design prise yet another meaningful and environmental building approach called Green or Sustainable design. Architects should use their creativity and perception to correlate these principles to generate locally appropriate strategies, materials and methods keeping in mind that every region should employ different green strategies [57]. B. Definition Sustainability means 39。to hold39。 fauna ??Support pedestrian, bicycles, mass transit and other alternatives to fossilfueled vehicles. Most green buildings are high quality buildings they last longer, cost less to operate and maintain and provide greater occupant satisfaction than standard development. D. Green Roofs amp。為了未來(lái)更好的發(fā)展，同時(shí)考慮到環(huán)境問(wèn)題，設(shè)計(jì)師的首要目標(biāo)是可持續(xù)發(fā)展即環(huán)保的建筑設(shè)計(jì)。 面向環(huán)境的設(shè)計(jì)原則 在建筑上有許多方法，“綠色建筑”能用來(lái)應(yīng)對(duì)我們星球日益嚴(yán)重的環(huán)境問(wèn)題。能源效率：它確保建筑物使用最少的能量。他們應(yīng)該被整合，最終得到一個(gè)宏偉、便捷 、優(yōu)美的生活空間。 目前的環(huán)境狀況已經(jīng)轉(zhuǎn)向“能源意識(shí)”、“生態(tài)友好”、“高效節(jié)能”的建筑設(shè)計(jì)的討論和探索?？沙掷m(xù)發(fā)展就是這樣一種在很大程度上為環(huán)保做貢獻(xiàn)的方法。人和生態(tài)系統(tǒng)都被他們的這些活動(dòng)所影響。可持續(xù)建筑設(shè) 計(jì)的目標(biāo)是通過(guò)提高能源和資源利用效率來(lái)減輕其對(duì)環(huán)境的影響。它的設(shè)計(jì)和建設(shè)是根據(jù)它所在的地域，還要考慮氣候、材料、可用性和建筑常規(guī)。這些新的首要事項(xiàng)拓展和補(bǔ)充了傳統(tǒng)的建筑設(shè)計(jì)問(wèn)題：經(jīng)濟(jì)，實(shí)用，耐用，美觀。使用可再生能源和可持續(xù)獲得的材料。這個(gè)問(wèn)題的解決很大程度上得到了屋頂綠化和多孔路面的幫助。使用可再生材料，否則將被浪費(fèi)。然后，讓家園更加可持續(xù)發(fā)展，具有巨大的潛力來(lái)為提高后代滿足其自身 需要的能力作出貢獻(xiàn)。舒適度 作為一個(gè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的社會(huì)，我們的努力應(yīng)當(dāng)包括一個(gè)長(zhǎng)期的，綜合的方法來(lái)發(fā)展和實(shí)現(xiàn)一個(gè)健康的社會(huì)。市民的負(fù)擔(dān)能力 在施工過(guò)程中減少?gòu)U物的產(chǎn)生 。屋頂植被控制水流，路面使水流滲入地下，這是一些能節(jié)約用水的