【正文】 往空間環(huán)境中無障礙物和危險(xiǎn)性。一方面,孩子在游戲 中身心得到了鍛煉 ，另一方面 ，照看小孩的大人們也得到了交流 。空間設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)該是開敞的、無邊界的，同時(shí)，在居住區(qū)各個(gè)組團(tuán)空間通往中心綠地的道路，應(yīng)便捷通達(dá)，引導(dǎo)人們?nèi)谌氲焦部臻g，參與交往和交流。讓更多的人能享受到景觀環(huán)境帶來的舒適感，越來越多的開發(fā)商重視景觀的均好性建設(shè)。人們?cè)诖松⒉健⒔?身、聊天，接觸自然，增加了居民的交往場(chǎng)所,創(chuàng)造出多層次的交往空間。配以花草、坐凳等設(shè)施，作為居民休息、聊天等空間，再聯(lián)系室外景觀，易于創(chuàng)造出良好的交往氛圍。因此，需要有交往空間的設(shè)置，營(yíng)造手法有以下幾種： 擴(kuò)大樓梯平臺(tái)深度 樓梯平臺(tái)是居民入戶處的緩沖空間，同時(shí)又是樓上住戶上樓時(shí)的休息空間。和諧的居住區(qū)應(yīng)是一個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)消費(fèi)適度化、社會(huì)管理多元化、鄰里關(guān)系和諧化、居住環(huán)境生態(tài)化，并具有濃郁的人文精神和地方文化特色的地域空間。 交往空間的營(yíng)造是維系傳統(tǒng)親情的需要 傳統(tǒng)歷史街區(qū)和單位大雜院的居住形態(tài)在客觀上維系并發(fā)展了鄰里親情。因此，加強(qiáng)居住區(qū)交往空間建設(shè)，增進(jìn)居住區(qū)的鄰里親和力，應(yīng)是開發(fā)者在居住區(qū)規(guī)劃建設(shè)應(yīng)同時(shí)考慮的問題。 unit foyer reserved space for wheelchairs and Childs vehicles to facilitate wheelchair and Childs vehicles stored: in public relations to the road space On both sides, who set up blind road trip on the trail for the blind walking: the sidewalk in the end, a height difference of the junction, a height difference of public platform set up the ramp for wheelchair users access。s quality of life, the author of his own real estate development experience and try to contact the living room area of need, level of functionality for a Review. 1 A residential area of exchanges between The need for space Exchanges between the residential areas to create space for the process, in a sense, is in the course of exchanges between the people and the natural world and define the space environment between the development process. exchanges create a space to meet the spiritual and cultural needs of residents. Jan ? Gaelic in the contacts and space, a book, the residents will live within the munity of contacts divided into three categories: ① necessity of activities (such as school, work, etc.), the participants did not have much choice, subject to very little Material and environmental impact。②spontaneous activities (such as walking, waitandsee stop, etc.), greatly dependent on the quality of material and the space environment:③social activities (such as children39。 elderly morning exercises in the square, as far as possible Be flat no height difference, the use of antiskid surfacing materials: children playing in the park, the use of soft mats and safety warning signs in different exchanges of space, by setting up the Pieces and personalized theme sculpture, to enhance space And the recognition of sexual orientation, and so on. 4 Conclusion In residential areas of planning and construction, we must be peoplecentered, according to create a functional level and living space area contacts at all levels, from the psychological and physical needs of starting, through the space environment to create, create a positive, healthy exchanges between the atmosphere, Residential area into a harmonious family homes. Meanwhile, the exchanges between the living room area of thinking and innovation, and developers need to continue to carry out exploration. References [1] Yang ? Gaelic. Exchanges and space [M]. Beijing: China Building Industry Press. [2] Wang. Living in the munity, the neighborhood exchanges and space of [J], building knowledge, 2004 (3) :131 5. [3] Nie Lan Sheng Health, Song Kun. Create a pleasant living space LJ. Architectural Journal, 1997 (11) :2931 居住區(qū)交往空間規(guī)劃與設(shè)計(jì) 夏良東 【摘要】 居住區(qū)交往空間是居民進(jìn)行溝通與交流的戶內(nèi)、戶外空間：文章從交往空間營(yíng)造的必要性、層次性、功能性加以綜述，旨在通過交往空間的營(yíng)造，創(chuàng)造出積極、健康的交往氛圍，促進(jìn)居民交往，使居住區(qū)成為親情和諧的家園。如何進(jìn)行居住區(qū)交往空間的規(guī)劃與設(shè)計(jì)，提高人們的生活質(zhì)量，筆者結(jié)合自己的房產(chǎn)開發(fā)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，試對(duì)居住區(qū)交往空間的必要性、層次性、功能性作一綜述。隨著市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展和新的住宅區(qū)的開發(fā)建設(shè)，許多居民搬到多層和高層住宅中，住戶與住戶之間聯(lián)系減少，甚至于對(duì)門人家都不熟識(shí)。從硬件方面看，應(yīng)該有科學(xué)合理的規(guī)劃、良好的建筑品質(zhì)、完善的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、完備的交往場(chǎng)所、較好的景觀園林。過小的平臺(tái)將影響居民的停留時(shí)間，不利于居民之間的交往。即使下雨天也不受影響,為生活增添了無限樂趣。 庭院、組團(tuán)交往空間的營(yíng)造 “要實(shí)現(xiàn)住區(qū)群體間有效的交往并產(chǎn)生認(rèn)同，必須有明確和恰當(dāng)?shù)念I(lǐng)域范圍和邊界標(biāo)識(shí)”。在組團(tuán)中辟出一塊空間，作為組團(tuán)的公共景觀。 與景觀小品相結(jié)合 居住區(qū)的景觀與人的交往有相互作用的關(guān)系，人們?cè)诰坝^前駐足觀賞，產(chǎn)生交流的欲望，景觀有了人的活動(dòng)，更加富有生機(jī)。 青年人喜歡體育運(yùn)動(dòng)。如在單元入口周圍設(shè)計(jì) x ，便于輪椅使用者停留；單元門廳預(yù)留輪椅和童車的空間，方便輪椅和童車存放；在通往公共交往空間的道路兩側(cè)，人行步道上設(shè)置盲道，方便盲人行走；在人行道的端部、有高差的路口、有高差的公共平臺(tái)設(shè)置坡道，供輪椅使用者通行；在老人晨練的廣場(chǎng)，盡可能做到平坦無高差，采用防滑的鋪裝材料；在兒童嬉戲的樂園，采用柔軟 的地墊和安全警示標(biāo)志；在不同的交往空間，通過設(shè)置個(gè)性化的小品和主題雕塑，來增強(qiáng)空間的導(dǎo)向性和識(shí)別性等。同時(shí)，對(duì)居住區(qū)交往空間的思考和創(chuàng)新，需要開發(fā)者不斷地進(jìn)行探索。但應(yīng)當(dāng)離住宅遠(yuǎn)一些,以免造成對(duì)居民 日常生活的干擾。同時(shí)應(yīng)發(fā)揮景觀的引導(dǎo)作用，強(qiáng)調(diào)參與性,通過景觀來吸引人流聚集人氣。雖建有大量的硬質(zhì)鋪地、花壇，種植喬灌木，卻缺乏一些促進(jìn)居民交往、休息的涼亭、坐椅，影響了鄰里交往的外延。北京舊時(shí)大雜院的居住模式，居民關(guān)系和睦融洽、富有人情味。通廊在這里既是交通要素，又是交流場(chǎng)所，起到了相鄰空間融合的作用，人們可以在此攀談、曬太陽(yáng)等。 設(shè)置入戶花園 入戶花園是居民進(jìn)入室內(nèi)的過渡空間，在這里實(shí)現(xiàn)了半私密空間向私密空間過渡，居民可以在這里種花養(yǎng)草，接待來客。因此，交往空間作為居住區(qū)的組成部分，其營(yíng)造的意義是深遠(yuǎn)的，與近來中國(guó)房地產(chǎn)及住宅研究會(huì)提出的 “打造親情和諧住宅小 區(qū)”的目標(biāo)是相一致的。發(fā)揚(yáng)傳統(tǒng)美德，推廣親情住宅 ，國(guó)家康居示范工程中早已對(duì)住宅提出了。 交往空間的營(yíng)造是滿足居住者精神文化的需要。居住區(qū)交往空間是居民進(jìn)行溝通與交流的戶內(nèi)、戶外空間。s living standards gradually improved, the residents of the spiritual and cultural needs arising from the exchanges with the r