【正文】 residential areas of space planning and design, improve people39。s living standards greatly improved the living environment of continuous improvement district. Developers should not only focus on residential construction and the reasonable fort, paying greater attention to the construction of residential environment. However, the current environment in the construction of residential areas, they are often the natural ecology of greening the environment is much more to consider, and the promotion of exchanges between the residents of the space environment to consider less, environmental construction can not meet the occupants of the psychological characteristics and needs. From the basic physiological needs gradually to meet the psychological and cultural fields of promoting a higher level, the residential area is not only the function of living, but also people39。 games, chatting and peopletopeople contacts between the passive January 1 simple See, hear, etc.), also, to a certain extent, the impact of material and the space environment. Therefore, the exchanges between the residential area of the space will create a direct impact on the residents of the contacts. As people39。reserve some space, children play in the home, mothers can be seen here in the kitchen, children no longer worried about the safety of: Members of mutual Reference , And mutual exchanges, and exchanges are deepseated. Not only enhance the feelings and prevent the formation of a collective consciousness, to effectively prevent the destruction and crime, security, have been protected. So that more people can enjoy the environmental landscape fort, more and more developers are good attention to the landscape of the building. Pichu in the group in a space, as a delegation of the public landscape. However, they often redesign of visual effect light social effect. Although the construction of a large number of hardware shops, flower beds, shrubs planted Joe, it lacks some residents to promote exchanges between the rest of the shelters, chairs, and affected the exchanges between the extension of the neighborhood. Therefore, the delegation landscape in the strengthening of public infrastructure construction, and create a space for exchanges, will promote exchanges between the residents of outreach. exchanges between the public spaces to create space By the semipublic space to public space, people exchanges between the exchanges from the neighborhood to the public exchanges, contacts between the characteristics of exchanges between the decision to create a space for the different practices. open space for public relations Residential area of central green space is often the area of public venues, as shared by the entire population, is the residential area of the living room. Here, residents of various gatherings, munity activities, fitness. Open space should be designed, without borders and at the same time, various groups in the residential area green space to the center of the road, should be easily accessible, guide the people into public space, to participate in contacts and exchanges. and landscape bine Pieces Residential area of landscape and people39。 【關(guān)鍵詞】 居住區(qū)；交往空間；必要性；層次性；功能性 前言：隨著住房制度的改革和房地產(chǎn)業(yè)的迅猛發(fā)展，城市居住區(qū)大量涌現(xiàn)城市居住區(qū)集中布置了居住建筑、公共建筑、公共綠地、生活性道路等居住設(shè)施，為城市居民提供生活居住和從事社會活動的場所，是城市的有機組成部分。然而，目前在居住區(qū)環(huán)境建設(shè)中，他們往往對自然生態(tài)的綠化環(huán)境考慮得多，而對促進居民交往的空間環(huán)境考慮得少，環(huán)境建設(shè)不能滿足居住者的心理特征和需求。 1 居住區(qū)交往空間的必要性 居住區(qū)交往空間營造的過程，從某種意義上講，就是在人與人交往過程中進行人與自然空間環(huán)境關(guān)系界定并發(fā)展的過程。因此，居住區(qū)交往空間的營造將直接影響到居住者的交往活動。在同一幢樓中，彼此間不曾相識的現(xiàn)象很普遍，傳統(tǒng)的鄰里關(guān)系在逐漸淡漠。 交往空間的營造是構(gòu)建和諧社會的需要 居住區(qū)是構(gòu)建和諧社會的空間單元，是和諧社會的重要組成部分。從軟件方面看，應(yīng)該有優(yōu)質(zhì)的物業(yè)管理、健全的社區(qū)組織、濃郁的文化氛圍、良好的道德風(fēng)尚。人由私密空間進入到公共空間，是一個漸進的過程，在這個過程中，居住者經(jīng)過了各個不同層次的室外空間，使得交往成為一種必然。擴大樓梯平臺深度，增大平臺面積，將增加他們聯(lián)絡(luò)、交往的機會。有條件的門廳還可以做一個大堂，供住戶在此交流、聊天。 設(shè)置通廊 通廊是中國傳統(tǒng)建筑的一種建筑形式，是一種能有效地促進形成人們交往樂趣的空間誘因，目前被廣泛地運用在現(xiàn)代住宅的設(shè)計中，如杭州的桂花城小區(qū)、廣州的竹韻山莊等。這樣，為老人提供了休息的空間，為兒童提供了游戲場所，又促進了居民之間的社會交往 。院落空間是我國傳統(tǒng)建筑空間的一部分，是具有較強領(lǐng)域感和邊界的空間形態(tài)，是增加鄰里交流、交往的有效手段。在庭院間布置坐凳，老人在這里歇腳，促膝談心，不再感到孤寂；預(yù)留一些空地，小孩在院中嬉戲，母親在廚房可以看到這里，小孩的安全性不再擔(dān)心；大家相互照應(yīng)，相互交流，交往是深層次的。然而，在設(shè)計中他們往往重“景觀效應(yīng)”，輕“社會效應(yīng)”。 開放的公共交往空間 居住區(qū)的中心綠地往往是小區(qū)的公共場地，為全體居民所共享，是居住區(qū)的 “客廳”。因此,公共交往空間應(yīng)與景觀小品相結(jié)合，如在廣場雕塑、噴泉水景 四周布置坐凳，人們一邊欣賞雕塑、噴泉,一邊進行交流，拉近了人與人之間的距離。 交往空間的功能建設(shè)應(yīng)與居住者的年齡結(jié)構(gòu)相適應(yīng) 兒童天性好動有強烈的好奇心，游戲活動多為攀爬、跳躍 、嬉水、戲耍等。因此,要增加體育設(shè)施,規(guī)劃出籃球場、網(wǎng)球場等運動空間。 交往空間的功能建設(shè)要兼顧無障礙設(shè)施布置 居住區(qū)交往空間是一個環(huán)境綜合體,包括道路、綠地 、小品、設(shè)施等多種環(huán)境因素。 4 結(jié)語 在居住區(qū)的規(guī)劃建設(shè)中，要以人為本，按層次和功能營造居住區(qū)各級交往空間，從人的心理和生理需求出發(fā)，通過空間環(huán)境的營造，創(chuàng)造出積極、健康的交往氛圍，使居住區(qū)成為親情和諧