【正文】 【單詞和短語】invariable: 始終如一的，恒定不變的（always happening in the same way, at the same time etc.），例如：It’s my invariable habit to take a nap.睡午覺是我的老習慣?！局v解】of people who can…walls作定語修飾cases，這部分較長，所以被移到謂語部分后，這樣句子就不會頭重腳輕。43. This ability was first noticed by her father.【譯文】她父親首先發(fā)現(xiàn)她具備這一能力。there指locked safe。47. During these tests she was able to read a newspaper through an opaque screen and, stranger still, by moving her elbow over a child39。wearing前省略了When she was。 and, indeed, except when blindfold she lacked the ability to perceive things with her skin.【譯文】在所有這些實驗中，維拉的雙眼都是蒙著的?！局v解】the moment her hands were wet是時間狀語從句，意為“她的雙手一濕”。which I take leave to doubt系插入語。問題的癥結恐怕就在于此。請注意句中的暗喻（metaphor）修辭手法，作者把社會比作a huge school，把自己比作a new boy?！締卧~和短語】identity：個性，特性（the qualities and attitudes that a person or group of people have, that make them different from other people），例如：The planners decided to enlarge the four villages and preserve their distinct identities.設計者們決定擴大這4個村莊并保留它們各自的特色?！局v解】all this seems to me to link…中to me乃插入語?！締卧~和短語】suburban：有郊區(qū)（人）特點的；貶平淡乏味的；古板的（boring and typical of people who live in the suburbs），例如：a suburban lifestyle 郊區(qū)生活方式512. All that is in my mind when I meet a young person.【譯文】每逢遇到年輕人，我就想到這些。dreary clich233。fatuous：愚笨的，昏庸的，蠢的（very silly or stupid），名詞形式為fatuity，例如：fatuous talk 昏話Television mercials seem more fatuous than ever.電視廣告節(jié)目似乎比以往任何時候更沒意思了。if only意為“只要”，引導非真實或真實條件句。one泛指人，可譯為“人們”。【講解】practised nowadays是過去分詞短語，作定語，修飾sports。65. On the village green, where you pick up sides and no feeling of local patriotism is involved, it is possible to play simply for the fun and exercise: but as soon as a the question of prestige arises, as soon as you feel that you and some larger unit will be disgraced if you lose, the most savage bative instincts are aroused.【譯文】在鄉(xiāng)間的草坪上，當你隨意為雙方鼓勁，并且不涉及任何地方情緒時，那才可能是單純的為了娛樂和鍛煉而進行比賽?！締卧~和短語】frankly：坦白地，直率地；不加掩飾地（used to show that you are really think about sth.），例如：He frankly admitted his error. 他坦率地承認了自己的錯誤。work和believe是定語從句中的并列謂語?！局v解】and, behind the spectators, of the nations…are tests of national virtue是對But the significant thing…the attitude of the spectators的引申。66. Anyone who has played even in a school football match knows this.【譯文】即使是僅參加過學校足球賽的人也有這種體會?！局v解】you泛指人，可譯為“人們”。concrete 亦可做名詞，常見意為“大理石”。inclination：（性格上的）傾向；意向；愛好，癖好（a feeling that makes you want to do sth.），動詞形式為incline，形容詞形式為inclined，例如，My inclination is to agree. 我傾向于同意。Lesson 6 The sporting spirit第六課體育精神by GEORGE ORWELLfrom The sporting spirit 61. I am always amazed when I hear people saying that sport creates goodwill between the nations, and that if only the mon peoples of the would could meet one another at football or cricket, they would have no inclination to meet on the battlefield.【譯文】當人們說體育可創(chuàng)造兩國的友誼，還說各國民眾若在足球場或板球場上交鋒就不愿在戰(zhàn)場上殘殺的時候，我總是驚愕不已。for elders作respect的定語。s about respect of elders—as if mere age were a reason for respect.【譯文】年輕人也許狂妄自負，舉止無理，傲慢放肆，愚昧無知，但我決不求助于要尊重長者云云的陳詞濫調(diào)來為維護自己的尊嚴，似乎唯有年長才是受人尊敬的理由。s as if they were, in some sense, cosmic beings in violent and lovely contrast with us suburban creatures.【譯文】從某種意義上講，他們似乎是超凡脫俗之人，同我們這些見識短淺的俗物形成鮮明而有趣的對照?！締卧~和短語】dreary：枯燥無味的；單調(diào)的；令人生厭的（dull and making you feel sad or bored），例如:a dreary meeting 枯燥的會議mean：卑鄙的（cruel and not kind），例如：a mean motive 卑鄙的動機It is mean to spread gossip about others.散布有關他人的流言蜚語是卑鄙的。so interesting as a problem作something的定語。例如：There’s the rub. 難就難在這兒。53. Let us get down to fundamentals and agree that the young are after all human beings—people just like their elders.【譯文】讓我們來認真研究一些基本事實：承認青年和他們的長輩一樣終究也是人。the problem of youth39。又如：Michael Jackson was fond of singing when（he was）yet a child.邁克【單詞和短語】opaque：不透明的（be difficult to see through and often thick），反義詞為transparent。還有一次，她穿著長筒襪子和拖鞋，能用腳識別出藏在地毯下面的一幅畫的輪廓和顏色。46. Vera39。safe:保險柜（a strong metal box or cupboard with special locks where you keep money and valuable things）。彼托洛娃，她視力正常，但她還能用皮膚的不同部位辨認東西，甚至看穿堅實的墻壁?！締卧~和短語】be accustomed to（doing/do）something：習慣于做某事（to be familiar with something and accept it as normal），例如：We are accustomed to working/work hard.我們習慣于努力工作?！締卧~和短語】boast：以擁有……而自豪（if a place, object, or organization boasts something, it has something that is very good），例如：A fishing village 30 years ago, it now boasts 150 major hotels.那地方30年前還是個漁村，現(xiàn)已為擁有150家大賓館而自豪。請注意，在幾個并列分句中，第一個分句中用了be，后面分句中的be可以省略，例如：There are two requisites in interpretation：one is accuracy and the other（is）expressiveness.口譯要求有二：準確和明晰。cut off from civilization by the high mountains是過去分詞短語作定語，修飾settlements。破折號引出被強調(diào)部分?！局v解】equipped in a manner…thought是過去分詞短語，作原因狀語，修飾faced。例如：the pioneering work of NASA scientists（美國）國家航空和航天局科學家們所作的開創(chuàng)性工作33. The early climbers were looking for the easiest way to the top, because the summit was the prize they sought, especially if it had never been attained before.【譯文】早期登山者所尋找的是通往山頂?shù)淖罘奖愕耐緩?，因為頂峰，尤其是仍未被人征服過的頂峰，才是他們尋求的目標。他們認為路線愈艱難則愈為人們所重視?！局v解】it是形式主語，真正的主語是to make more than the wildest guess at how many they kill。 that is something like 6,000,000 spiders of different kinds on a football pitch.【譯文】某蜘蛛權威對英國南部某塊草坪上的蜘蛛數(shù)目統(tǒng)計了一次。27. One can tell the difference almost at a glance, for a spider always has eight legs and insect never more than six.【譯文】人們幾乎一眼就能看出二者的差異，因為蜘蛛總是8條腿，而昆蟲至多有6條腿。26. Spiders are not insects, as many people think, nor even nearly related to them.【譯文】蜘蛛不像許多人認為的那樣屬于昆蟲，它們甚至與昆蟲毫無關系。24. We owe a lot to the birds and beasts who eat insects but all of them put together kill only a fraction of the number destroyed by spiders.【譯文】我們受惠于食蟲的飛禽鳥獸，但把它們都算在一起，也只是捕殺了蜘蛛消滅的昆蟲數(shù)的一個零頭。23. Insects would make it impossible for us to live in the world。these指wood and skins。 came from.【譯文】于是，考古學家既無歷史記載，亦無口頭傳說來幫助他們弄清首批“現(xiàn)代人”來自何方。people：people作“一國人民，民族”（the people who belong to a particular country，race，or area）解時為可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，復數(shù)為peoples或people。指前者時動詞用單數(shù)或復數(shù)，指后者時動詞用單數(shù)。【單詞和短語】preserve：保存，保留（to make sth. continue without cha