【正文】 4. Should be effective in ? Communicating, ? Practicing, ? Facilitating and ? Training for the anization’s new and improved way of being. 變革代理人 ……… 除了作為一個(gè)成功的推銷(xiāo)人員，變革代理人 還必須具備 3. 必須有勇氣面對(duì)所遇到的批評(píng)和對(duì)變革的阻撓，做到對(duì)事不對(duì)人。 4. 必須卓有成效地 ? 溝通 , ? 實(shí)施 , ? 促進(jìn)和 ? 培養(yǎng)公司里新的、改進(jìn)過(guò)的行為方式 . Change Agents …. One of the key tasks for change agents is to form a strategy for the implementation of change Development of the Implementation strategy… 1. Pick something that is easy and possesses widespread anizational support ? The solution may have been implemented elsewhere (. in another department, similar anization, etc.). 2. Make it a grass roots effort and build momentum for the change among employees ? Can be made by the change agent, but without the support of the rest of the anization they won’t get far 變革代理人 變革代理人的一個(gè)重要任務(wù)就是制定 實(shí)施變革 的 策略 制定實(shí)施變革的策略 … 1. 挑一些容易的 ,同時(shí)可以得到組織支持的 ? 同樣的方法已經(jīng)在其他地方得到應(yīng)用 (例如另一個(gè)部門(mén)，其他公司等 ). 2. 在員工心中植入種子激發(fā)變革的原動(dòng)力 ? 動(dòng)力可以由變革代理人開(kāi)始，但如得不到其他員工的支持， 是不會(huì)持久的。s needs ? Especially those regarding cost, quality, service and speed. 5. Select the best timing for the change to take place 6. Participate in the change 變革代理人 變革代理人的一個(gè)重要任務(wù)就是制定 實(shí)施變革 的 策略 制定實(shí)施變革的策略 … 3. 洞察觀眾中的任何“熱點(diǎn)人物” ? 支持者 ? 踴躍提意見(jiàn)的人 ? 掌控財(cái)務(wù)的人 ? 制訂、實(shí)施政策的人 4. 闡述這些解決方案告訴大家變革將如何滿(mǎn)足公司的需要 ? 特別是那些有關(guān)成本、質(zhì)量、服務(wù)和速度效率的需求 5. 挑選最佳的時(shí)機(jī) 6. 參與變革 Change Focuses on… The need to create a vision and strategy for the change 變革的重點(diǎn)在于 … 創(chuàng)造一種遠(yuǎn)景和變革的策略 Change Focus… Implementation involves three roles: 1. Change Strategists 1. identifying the need for change, 2. creating a vision of the desired oute, 3. deciding what change is feasible, 4. choosing who should sponsor and defend it 2. Change Implementers ? Make it happen by managing the process of change ? Respond to the vision from above and the responses from below 3. Change Recipients ? Largest Group ? Includes those who must adopt and adapt to the change ? They determine whether the change will last 變革的重點(diǎn)在于 … I實(shí)施涉及三種角色 1. 變革的戰(zhàn)略家 1. 洞察變革的需求 , 2. 為將要得到的結(jié)果描繪出一種遠(yuǎn)景 , 3. 決定什么變革是可行的 , 4. 選擇誰(shuí)將支持和保衛(wèi)變革 2. 變革的實(shí)施者 ? 通過(guò)掌控變革的過(guò)程來(lái)保證他的實(shí)施 ? 對(duì)來(lái)自各方面的遠(yuǎn)景描述做出反應(yīng) 3. 變革的接受者 ? 大部分的人群 ? 包括那些必須采納和適應(yīng)變革的人們 ? 他們決定變革是否將持久 The Challenge of Change Implementation… Dealing with the plex issues day after day… Implementers: 1. Usually receive minimal authority from above to make change happen entirely on their own 2. The more the recipients balk at the decisions implementers make, the more frustrating the task bees. 實(shí)施變革需要面對(duì)的挑戰(zhàn) 日復(fù)一日處理棘手的問(wèn)題 … 變革實(shí)施者 : 1. 通常幾乎不能從上層獲得多少授權(quán)，他們必須自己靠自己 2. T當(dāng) The Nature of Change… Organizational Boundaries 1. Organization Boundaries Bee Blurred ? People are Unaware of what is expected of them ? Old and New Tasks are Expected of Them Simultaneously. ? Expect Some Resistance. 2. Change Needs to be Sold One Person at a Time. 3. Change Must be Managed… ? Engage Resistors…. Do Not Suppress Them. 變革的實(shí)質(zhì) … 組織的界限 1. 組織的界限變得模糊 ? 人們不知道對(duì)他們的預(yù)期是什么 ? 期望他們一起完成新舊任務(wù) ? 可能會(huì)有一些抵制 2. 變革需要由一個(gè)人一次一個(gè)地推行 3. 變革需要管理 … ? 籠絡(luò)有抵制情緒的人 …. 不要打擊他們 Implementation Problems are to be Expected.. Change Often Takes Longer than the Allocated Time Unforeseen Problems Surface 1. Coordination of Implementation Activities 2. Competing Crises Cause Distractions 3. Insufficient Capabilities and Skills in Those Involved in the Implementation 4. Inadequate Training 5. Uncontrollable External Factors Can Have a Major Adverse Impact ? Competitive Forces, ? Economic Situations Develop 變革所需的時(shí)間通常比計(jì)劃的要長(zhǎng) 出現(xiàn)沒(méi)有預(yù)料到的問(wèn)題 1. 實(shí)施工作的協(xié)調(diào)問(wèn)題 2. 競(jìng)爭(zhēng)危機(jī)導(dǎo)致分心 3. 參與實(shí)施工作的人員能力和技能的不足 4. 不可控制的外部因素可能產(chǎn)生主要反面影響 具有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的隊(duì)伍 經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)的發(fā)展 預(yù)計(jì)在實(shí)施過(guò)程中會(huì)遇到的問(wèn)題 Implementation Problems are to be Expected.. …… Change Often Takes Longer than the Allocated Time …….. Unforeseen Problems Surface 6. Inadequate Support for Change 7. Failure to Define Expectations and Goals 8. F