【正文】 制。 西安科技大學(xué)高新學(xué)院 本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)外文翻譯譯文 學(xué)生姓名 : 白春梅 院 （系 ） : 建筑與土木工程 專業(yè)班級(jí) : 工程管理 0704 指導(dǎo)教師 : 黃云龍 完成日期 : 2020 年 09 月 10 日 要 求 外文翻譯是畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）的主 要內(nèi)容之一，必須學(xué)生獨(dú)立完成。 建筑項(xiàng)目 招投標(biāo) 楊曹 *,王建民 ,b, 李 亨 a 建筑 部門 和房地產(chǎn)、香港理工大學(xué)、香港、中國 b 國家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室的小說軟件技術(shù)、南京大學(xué)、南京 210093,中國 摘要 目前在工程建設(shè)項(xiàng)目行業(yè)中，以工程招投標(biāo)為特征的建筑市場已經(jīng)形成，施工企業(yè)為創(chuàng)造良好經(jīng)濟(jì)效益，必須嚴(yán)格控制成本，加強(qiáng)成本控制管理，才能提高市場適應(yīng)能力和競爭力。每項(xiàng)招標(biāo)工作如何開始，如何發(fā)出招標(biāo)文件，對投標(biāo)人有什么要求，如何評(píng)標(biāo)，如何決標(biāo)，招標(biāo)程序是什么，都在招標(biāo)文件中做出規(guī)定，所以編制招標(biāo)文件的人員首先要對本次招標(biāo)工作有一個(gè)全局性的認(rèn)識(shí)，把本次招標(biāo)的要求和安排反映到招標(biāo)文件當(dāng)中，在編制當(dāng)中也會(huì)遇到事先沒有想到的問題，那就在編制當(dāng)中逐一解決，編制招標(biāo)文件的過程也是 制定招標(biāo)方案的過程。但是在實(shí)施過程中存在不少缺陷，需要完善、充實(shí)和提高。在這樣一個(gè)大前提下，原有的定額和計(jì)價(jià)方法是不適應(yīng)的，這就需要改革和完善。 工程造價(jià)管理由 “量價(jià)合一 ”的計(jì)劃模式向 “量價(jià)分離 ”的市場模式轉(zhuǎn)變，逐步建立市場形成價(jià)格為主的價(jià)格機(jī)制，把價(jià)格的決定權(quán)交給參 與市場的各方，并最終通過市場來配置資源，從而真正實(shí)現(xiàn)通過市場機(jī)制決定工程造價(jià)?，F(xiàn)階段因?qū)嵤┕こ塘壳鍐斡?jì)價(jià)模式而出現(xiàn)的問題主要有，針對我國現(xiàn)階段《招標(biāo)投標(biāo)法》中規(guī)定的最低合理價(jià)中標(biāo)的原則，多數(shù)承包商尚未建立自己的企業(yè)定額，無法確定企業(yè)的合理成本。 (1998) 1422 1368 年。 Building engineering bidding Yang Cao a,*, Shuhua Wang b, Heng Li a aDepartment of Building and Real Estate, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China bState Key Laboratory of Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China Abstract Nowadays in the engineering construction industry, the market which is characteristic for project bidding, has formed. The construction panies,which want to create good benefits, have to control their cost and improve management to enhance the capacity of adapting and peting in this market. This article focuses on how to decrease cost and increase ine so as to control the construction cost effectively. bidding documents should be well formulated ,which is the improtment to a successful bidding and direct influence the success or failure of the bidding the success or failure of the bidding for the survival and development of enterprise has a direct impact, so we have a high quality, improve the bid documents of the unit, prevent invalid and successful pass mark appear, bee a research topic. [key] : bidding drawbacks of unfair petition countermeasures Bidding is a form of project transactions, project bidding process is to determine the successful bidder and the cost of the process and the price of the project, project bidding work of a very important link, do a good job bidding to determine the price, we can effectively control construction costs, and create a fair and equitable market environment, create orderly petition mechanism. Bidding in construction activities, construction enterprises in order to tender invincible works to be successful, And from the contracted projects profitable, it needs to integrate various subjective and objective conditions, the tender research strategy determine tender. Tender bidding strategy, including pricing strategies and skills. All of the strategies and skills from the numerous contractors bidding on the accumulated experience and objective understanding of the law and of the actual situation understanding, but also with the contractor39。s risk appetite and behavioral characteristics with changes in the external environment change, when the default punishment is light, the bidder preference appetite for risk and default penalties, with the increase exceeds a certain value, the risk of bidders to show preference for behavior change to avoid the risk of penalties, the greater the bidder biased in favor of a more riskaverse behavior, the results of the control and prevention of risk behavior of bidders has an important and practical significance Construc