外文翻譯——預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土建筑-建筑結(jié)構(gòu)-文庫(kù)吧在線文庫(kù)
【正文】 re he will want to look at the bearing and connection details, camber, creep, shrinkage, thermal movements, durability provisions, etc., and advise the design engineer of any deficiencies he encounters. Information on new techniques and especially application of prestressing to buildings are extensively available in the current technical literature of national and international societies. The International Federation of Prestressing()has attempted to facilitate the dissemination of this information by establishing a Literature Exchange Service, in which the prestressing journals of some thirty countries are regularly exchanged. In addition, an Abstract is published intermittently by The Prestressed Concrete Institute(USA)regularly publishes a number of journals and pamphlets on techniques and applications, and procedures are set up for their dissemination to architects and engineers as well as directly to the construction engineer. It is important that he keep abreast of these national and worldwide developments, so as to be able to remend the latest and best that is available in the art, and to encourage the engineer to make the fullest and most effective use of prestressed concrete in their buildings. With regard to working drawings, the construction engineer must endeavor to translate the design requirements into the most practicable and economical details of acplishment, in such a way that the pleted element or structure fully plies with the design requirement。由于允許采用較長(zhǎng)和較薄構(gòu)件，預(yù)應(yīng)力大大提高了結(jié)構(gòu)的效率和經(jīng)濟(jì)性。尤為重要的是他應(yīng)對(duì)鋼筋和混凝土細(xì)節(jié)給予足夠重視，以使其能夠與預(yù)應(yīng)力細(xì)節(jié)相一致。這種與國(guó)內(nèi)和國(guó)際發(fā)展接軌的工作有著很重要的意義，它能夠使 技術(shù)保持最新和最好，并能使建筑師和是使設(shè)計(jì)工程師在建筑物設(shè)計(jì)中，最充分和有效地利用預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土。 先張和后張混凝土構(gòu)件的端部受到較高的橫向應(yīng)力或拉應(yīng)力的作用，這些應(yīng)力經(jīng)常受到一些較小的混凝土細(xì)部如倒角的影響。因此預(yù)應(yīng)力筋即要在水平面內(nèi)間隔分布，又能在特殊情況下進(jìn)行捆綁。當(dāng)然，后者會(huì)增加對(duì)預(yù)應(yīng)力的需求。然而，在后張法過程中應(yīng)考慮避免管道中的鋼筋因豎向間距過于緊密而相互擠壓。在端部有較大應(yīng)力的構(gòu)件，還經(jīng)常采用近距離箍筋或者較密的箍筋布置。例如，設(shè)計(jì)設(shè)計(jì)可能只提供應(yīng)力重心及有效應(yīng)力，這就需要將施工圖轉(zhuǎn)化為有明確性能的鋼筋束。 第四，盡管設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)是設(shè)計(jì)工程師的工
畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)相關(guān)推薦
鄂ICP備17016276號(hào)-1