【正文】
ior of the joint can be represented by a nonlinear hyperbolic relationship between the applied effective normal stress, 39。 在深露天礦在巴西花崗巖開采項目獲得的場滲透率測量在圖 2 中繪制與理論的關系比較。直 流地下 G=W/L(其中 W和 L是寬度和長度,分別聯(lián)合),為不同徑向流, G =2π/ln(re/ir ),其中 ir 和 re 分別為內外圓柱面半徑。 ( 1995 年): 這里 niK 的單位是 M pa/? m, mcV 的單位是 ? m 粗糙關節(jié)展覽最大規(guī)模的聯(lián)合最高和最低的封閉初始關節(jié)僵硬,關節(jié)光滑而有最低 mcV 和最大的 niK 巖石的共同特點是液壓行為之間的線性關系液壓孔徑, ha ,它控制流動規(guī)模,關閉和機械聯(lián)合, nV? ,用于水平應力。一個對巖石聯(lián)合流體力學行為的更詳細的描述中可以在阿爾瓦雷斯( 1997 年)和阿爾瓦 雷斯( 1995 年)和在實驗室調查和數(shù)值模擬模型進行了烏鴉和 Gale( 1985), Gentier( 1987 年),江崎等人( 1992),和其他人中發(fā)現(xiàn)。我們認為,觀察和監(jiān)測以及映射對大型水壩的行為和充分的儀表可以是我們更好地理解在混凝土重力壩基礎上的縫張開度,裂紋擴展,和孔隙壓力的發(fā)展。斯威土地, Albigna大壩坐落在花崗巖上,進行了一個典型的水庫周期的特定地點的模擬,來評估巖基上的水流體系的性質和評價滑 動面相對于其他大壩巖界面的發(fā)展的潛力。一旦模型進行驗證,包括巖性主要參數(shù)的變化,地應力,和聯(lián)合幾何共同的特點都要納入分析。今天,隨著現(xiàn)代計算資源和更多的先例,確定沿斷面孔隙壓力分布,以及評估相關的壓力和評估安全系數(shù)仍然是最具挑戰(zhàn)性的。 流體力學的行為自然 對先進設備,機械和個別巖石節(jié)理的水力特性的概要。對于自然和花崗巖裂隙,這些參數(shù)都是相互關聯(lián)的下列限制范圍之間的阿爾瓦雷斯等。 ha 是聯(lián)合液壓孔徑而 G 是形狀因子,由水流幾何而定。在這種情況下,它的假設是橫向和縱向應力大致相同(土壓力系數(shù) Ko = ),這也被認為 將在巴西的測試位置的火成巖地層的代表,但其他價值在原位強調可以預計,如對高 ., for Ko,垂直節(jié)理將有較大的滲透率。 Hydromechanical analysis of flow behavior in concrete gravity dam foundations Abstract: A key requirement in the evaluation of sliding stability of new and existing concrete gravity dams is the prediction of the distribution of pore pressure and shear strength in foundation joints and discontinuities. This paper presents a methodology for evaluating the hydromechanical behavior of concrete gravity dams founded on jointed rock. The methodology consisted of creating a database of observed dam behavior throughout typical cycles of reservoir filling and simulating this behavior with a distinct element method (DEM) numerical model. Once the model is validated, variations of key parameters including litho logy, in situ stress, joint geometry, and joint characteristics can be incorporated in the analysis. A sitespecific simulation of a typical reservoir cycle was carried out for Albigna Dam, Switzer land, founded on granitic rock, to assess the nature of the flow regime in the rock foundations and to evaluate the potential for sliding surfaces other than the dam–rock interface to develop. The factor of safety against sliding of various rock wedges of differing geometry present within the dam foundations was also evaluated using the DEM model and conventional analytical procedures. Estimates of crack propagation patterns and corresponding uplift pressures and factors of safety against sliding along the dam–rock interface obtained with the DEM were also pared with