【正文】 e function, such as cleaning, sorting and depth of processing and other sectors Youxiang supplier back, making the processing center focused on the processing of agricultural products and expanding the number and type of , this food supply chain is a prehensive, multispecies, multifrequency highvolume and mix of supply chain food supply chain are more concerned about customer satisfaction, through the processing centers to respond quickly to market demand, and realtime on agricultural products and foodstuffs “tailored” and depth of processing, in order to achieve different from the lean agile logistics logistics supply chain tracking and food quality and safety In recent years, the focus of the food supply chain collaboration to ensure delivery of quality from the gradual move to reinforce the quality and safety of food and agricultural products, such as BSE, foot and mouth disease and the emergence of genetically modified products and food quality and safety of track without food supply chain management, so based on quality and safety of the food supply chain to track the food supply chain management has bee important and by the United States and other fresh produce, meat products，w cereals and oilseed rape, and survey findings, three by the food supply chain tracking, food quality and safety in that there are great analysis of these differences, they also found that three agricultural products mon food supply chain management, that there are three driving is also the corporate implementation of the food supply chain management requires analysis examines the question: 1．will help differentiate the marketing of food and agricultural products to improve food and agricultural those small or can not be directly found in food quality and sa。s management, food and agricultural industries have followed suit and Supply chain management with a tool to improve their , Zuurbier and other scholars in general, on the basis of the supply chain, first proposed the concept of the food supply chain, and that the food supply chain management of agricultural and food production and marketing organization, food and agricultural products in order to reduce logistics costs and improve its quality and safety and logistics service level and for vertical integration mode of , in the ., UK, Canada and the Netherlands and other more developed countries, agricultural production, this management model has been widely used, and gradually bee the focus of academic research food supply chain management research has gone through three stages: the first stage of the business flow management phase, the study of agricultural products and food processing enterprises, including the output of consumer spending to business before the flow phase, the content of their research is often included In the marketing context。這些食品供應(yīng)鏈的信息也能使食品或農(nóng)產(chǎn)品在市場上獲得與其質(zhì)量相符的價格。有些企業(yè)則通過使用先進(jìn)RSS條碼系統(tǒng)和EAN/UCC全球統(tǒng)一標(biāo)識系統(tǒng)，更為具體地揭示食品供應(yīng)鏈的標(biāo)識信息，如每種產(chǎn)品的種子、施肥、使用抗生素的情況、生產(chǎn)時間、生產(chǎn)線、生產(chǎn)地、生產(chǎn)所使用的技術(shù)和生產(chǎn)次序，等等。有些農(nóng)產(chǎn)品和食品的質(zhì)量可能容易判別，而另一些則不容易直接判別，甚至在消費(fèi)之后也不能馬上發(fā)現(xiàn)其質(zhì)量問題。這種食品供應(yīng)鏈更關(guān)注消費(fèi)者的滿意度，通過加工中心來對市場需求作出快速反應(yīng)，并實(shí)時對農(nóng)產(chǎn)品和食品進(jìn)行“量身定制”和深度加工，以實(shí)現(xiàn)不同于精益物流的靈捷物流戰(zhàn)略。因此T型食品供應(yīng)鏈由于中間環(huán)節(jié)缺位和低水平的物流運(yùn)作，易出現(xiàn)上游農(nóng)戶盲目生產(chǎn)而下游農(nóng)產(chǎn)品銷售困難的現(xiàn)象。在發(fā)展中國家,特別是靠近城鎮(zhèn)地區(qū)的蔬菜供應(yīng),一般都采用這種類型的供應(yīng)鏈。例如，歐盟管理法規(guī)第178號規(guī)定，從2004年起在歐盟范圍內(nèi)銷售的所有食品，都要實(shí)行食品供應(yīng)鏈跟蹤與追溯；同樣在美國，食品與藥品管理局規(guī)定，在美國國內(nèi)外從事食品生產(chǎn)、加工和包裝等的部門以及相關(guān)組織，在2003年12月12日前要向食品與藥品管理局進(jìn)行登記，以便進(jìn)行食品安全跟蹤與追溯，未登記者就不許從事食品生產(chǎn)和銷售。一．食品供應(yīng)鏈管理的產(chǎn)生原因近年來，食品供應(yīng)鏈的產(chǎn)生和發(fā)展是人們對食品消費(fèi)的要求不斷提高的必然結(jié)果。更多有關(guān)環(huán)境型、經(jīng)濟(jì)型和社會型可持續(xù)室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)的研究，有助于進(jìn)一步改良可持續(xù)設(shè)計(jì)的知識主體。如果這種實(shí)踐的優(yōu)勢更加明顯，環(huán)境可持續(xù)室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)踐的特征也許才能更廣泛地應(yīng)用。它同樣表明室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)師還未意識到環(huán)境問題已經(jīng)關(guān)系到室內(nèi)材料的整個生命周期。為了獲得高的反應(yīng)率，將有三封郵件，一封初始郵件，兩周時候?qū)⒂械诙忄]件，第三封郵件將作為提示完成問卷進(jìn)行發(fā)送，最后使用描述性統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)分析研究。提供一個高水平的對制熱、通風(fēng)和照明的獨(dú)立控制；提供適當(dāng)?shù)闹茻釛l件；通過引入陽光和景觀，將室內(nèi)空間和外部環(huán)境聯(lián)系起來；提供適當(dāng)?shù)恼彰鳁l件，并將這些條件通過節(jié)能的方法控制起來；提供適當(dāng)?shù)穆晫W(xué)條件。個人信息包括就業(yè)和實(shí)踐的地區(qū)。本研究樣品從美國室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)所的室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)師（特別是其電子郵件地址是可行的設(shè)計(jì)師）中抽選。環(huán)境、經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會必須長期彼此保持平衡，可持續(xù)發(fā)展。室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)師通過這個過程以求達(dá)到功能性質(zhì)量的室內(nèi)空間，并為人類的感官提供美學(xué)感受。盡管一些室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)師在設(shè)計(jì)中采用環(huán)保的解決方案，但研究、探討在還未完成它的可持續(xù)發(fā)展設(shè)計(jì)準(zhǔn)則時這些方案如何作為設(shè)計(jì)組件而適用。s Walker Art Center(2005)in Minneapolis, Minnesota(where stylized acanthusleaf patterns are used to mark gallery entrances).These interiors make an art out of do not simply mix and match period furnishings and styles, but refilter them through a contemporary hallmark of the contemporary interior is the overt incorporation of themed environments persist in retail spaces such as Ralph Lauren39。第一篇：室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)中英文翻譯【適用于畢業(yè)論文外文翻譯】畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)英文資料翻譯Translation of the English Documents for Graduation Design課題名稱院（系）專 業(yè) 姓 名 學(xué) 號 起訖日期 指導(dǎo)教師2011 年 02 月 20 日Interior DesignSusan YelavichInterior design embraces not only the decoration and furnishing of space, but also considerations of space planning, lighting, and programmatic issues pertaining to user behaviors, ranging from specific issues of accessibility to the nature of the activities to be conducted in the hallmark of interior design today is a new elasticity in typologies, seen most dramatically in the domestication of mercial and public design enpasses both the programmatic planning and physical treatment of interior space: the projection of its use and the nature of its furnishings and surfaces, that is, walls, floors, and design is distinguished from interior decoration in the scope of its are primarily concerned with the selection of furnishings, while designers integrate the discrete elements of d233。 de Meuron39。關(guān)鍵詞：可持續(xù)發(fā)展；可持續(xù)室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)；室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)踐1引言目前，室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)師已經(jīng)認(rèn)識到可持續(xù)室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)的重要性，開始著手解決環(huán)境問題。在傳統(tǒng)室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)準(zhǔn)則中，室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)師創(chuàng)造、發(fā)展、交流那些具有功能性和審美情趣的室內(nèi)環(huán)境解決方案。能否實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展, 重視創(chuàng)造環(huán)境可持續(xù)發(fā)展的設(shè)計(jì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)等因素是十分重要的，但這并不意味著可以忽視其他傳統(tǒng)的室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。美國室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)所擁有超過四萬名會員，由2萬名室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)師、學(xué)生和產(chǎn)業(yè)的合作伙伴組成。第一部分是真實(shí)的多項(xiàng)選擇題了解被訪者的個人信息和專業(yè)證書。滿足室內(nèi)空氣質(zhì)量的最低要求；避免房屋使用者產(chǎn)生環(huán)境煙霧；防止在建設(shè)和改造過程中產(chǎn)生室內(nèi)空氣質(zhì)量問題；指定環(huán)保的材料和家具。這個研究的電子郵件通過發(fā)放樣品，再讓他們到指定的網(wǎng)站來完成調(diào)查。這次調(diào)查研究顯示，可持續(xù)室內(nèi)材料在環(huán)境可持續(xù)室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)組件上的運(yùn)用比在室內(nèi)環(huán)境質(zhì)量上運(yùn)用的更少?？沙掷m(xù)裝潢材料，是一種不常見的環(huán)境可持續(xù)室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)用組件，通過綠色項(xiàng)目裝潢材料的實(shí)例才能進(jìn)行。然而，建筑廢物管理、低生命周期影響的材料是可持續(xù)室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)最不常見的應(yīng)用特點(diǎn)。本文介紹了不同食品供應(yīng)鏈的生產(chǎn)物流系統(tǒng)特點(diǎn)，并對食品供應(yīng)鏈與食品質(zhì)量安全管理的發(fā)展進(jìn)行了分析和探討。(4)食品和農(nóng)產(chǎn)品企業(yè)迫于政府、相關(guān)社會組織和消費(fèi)者的要求和壓力，不得不按食品供應(yīng)鏈來進(jìn)行運(yùn)作。由于上游生產(chǎn)者擁有的技術(shù)條件較差、產(chǎn)量低和品種少，故上游聚集了為數(shù)眾多的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)者；同時，由于產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)地離市場較近且只提供單一農(nóng)產(chǎn)品，也又使得鏈中參與交易的主體大多為農(nóng)產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)者，他們在市場上進(jìn)行直接交易，而少有聯(lián)系生產(chǎn)者和消費(fèi)者之間的中間商，因此，種植業(yè)者直接將食品和農(nóng)產(chǎn)品銷售給消費(fèi)者。這種