【正文】 案］ 畫面構(gòu)圖方法有三個要點：（1）畫面主題圖形的位置；（2）非主題圖形的位置及其與主題圖形的關(guān)系；（3）畫面底形的位置及其與圖形的關(guān)系。閻立本是開一代畫風(fēng)的劃時代人物。廣義的課程是指學(xué)校為實現(xiàn)培養(yǎng)目標而選擇的教育內(nèi)容及其進程的總和，它包括學(xué)校所教的各門學(xué)科和有目的、有計劃的教育活動。（4）課堂練習(xí)。新手型教師或者缺乏或者不會運用教學(xué)策略。A．教育的方向B．教育為誰服務(wù)C．教育要培養(yǎng)什么樣的人D．教育怎樣培養(yǎng)人6． 衡量人的品德的主要標志是()。A．教育規(guī)律B．教育方針 C．教育政策D．教育經(jīng)驗二、多項選擇題(本大題共5道小題，每小題2分，共10分。()20．教育評價依據(jù)其評價主體可分為形成性評價與總結(jié)性評價。論述在溝通方式上教師應(yīng)注意什么。2． C[解析]1879年，馮特創(chuàng)立了第一個心理學(xué)實驗室。11． C[解析]模象直觀是指在對事物的模象的直接感知基礎(chǔ)上進行的一種直覺的能動反應(yīng)，各種圖片、幻燈片及教學(xué)電影電視即為模象。但歸因方式直接影響自我效能感的形成。16．BCD [解析]我國心理學(xué)家根據(jù)學(xué)習(xí)活動的內(nèi)容和結(jié)果，將學(xué)習(xí)分為三類：技能的學(xué)習(xí)、知識的學(xué)習(xí)和行為規(guī)范的學(xué)習(xí)。四、名詞解釋24．圖式：在皮亞杰認知發(fā)展理論中，圖式是指一個有組織、可重復(fù)的行為模式或心理結(jié)構(gòu)，是一種認知結(jié)構(gòu)的單元。30．[答案要點](1)大規(guī)模地面向全體學(xué)生進行教學(xué)，提高了效率。五、簡答題 29．[答案要點] 素質(zhì)教育是指依據(jù)人的發(fā)展和社會發(fā)展的實際需要，以全面提高全體學(xué)生的基本素質(zhì)為根本目的，以尊重學(xué)生主體性和主動精神、注重開發(fā)人的智力潛能、注重形成人的健全個性為根本特征的教育。22． [解析]亞里士多德首次論述身心和諧發(fā)展教育。④情緒喚醒。這個效能信息源對自我效能感的影響最大。10． A[解析]這是一種典型的內(nèi)發(fā)論。同樣，在教育方面也需要樹立可持續(xù)發(fā)展的觀 念，分析教育可持續(xù)發(fā)展的內(nèi)涵。33．簡述學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的特點。A．認知成分B．情感成分 C．行為成分D．意志成分三、判斷題(本大題共6道小題，每小題1分，共6分)18．教師教育就是師范教育。A．弗洛伊德 B．華生 C．桑代克D．巴甫洛夫11．利用各種圖片、模型、幻燈片及教學(xué)電影電視等進行的直觀教學(xué)形式稱為()。A．涂爾干 B．盧梭 C．贊科夫 D．福祿貝爾4． 第一本現(xiàn)代教育學(xué)著作是()。（6）教學(xué)策略的運用。（3）教材的呈現(xiàn)。教師的教育專業(yè)素養(yǎng)包括以下幾個方面：第一，具有先進的教育理念；第二，具有良好的教育能力；第三，具有一定的研究能力。設(shè)色濃重并適度暈染，效果單純而明朗。五、簡答題1.［參考答案］ 新古典主義美術(shù)的特征是：選擇嚴峻的重大題材(古代歷史和現(xiàn)實的重大事件)，在藝術(shù)形式上，強調(diào)理性而非感性的表現(xiàn)；在構(gòu)圖上強調(diào)完整性；在造型上重視素描和輪廓，注重雕塑般的人物形象，而對色彩不夠重視。它是一種復(fù)雜的審美認識活動和審美表現(xiàn)活動，同時也是一個從審美認識到審美表現(xiàn)、從藝術(shù)構(gòu)思到藝術(shù)傳達的過程?！陡駹柲峥ā肥钱吋铀鞯淖髌贰＝滩氖煜ぶ蟛拍芨鶕?jù)教材選擇合適的教法，把課上好，所以本題選C。［解析］“黑、密、厚、重，然虛實有致”是黃賓虹山水畫作品的顯著畫風(fēng)。［解析］兩宋宮廷畫院中花鳥畫創(chuàng)作一直非?；钴S。石窟壁上畫有野牛、馴鹿及猛犸等動物，形態(tài)生動，技法簡練。A.《蒙娜麗莎》 B.《入睡的維納斯》 C.《西斯廷圣母》 D.《最后的晚餐》 （）。在作以線造型的素描構(gòu)圖練習(xí)中，運用的主要是形狀和（）兩要素。本大題共10小題，每小題2分，共20分）“外師造化、中得心源”是由（）提出的。s exploitation. with other TV talk shows, both the Jerry Springer and the Oprah Winfrey interesting popular detailed formal the social problems Jerry Springer talks about appear unpleasant, people who watch the interested in them ready to face up to them cold to them willing to get away from them of the following is likely to be a topic of the Oprah Winfrey show? new type of hatred. ine accident. can learn from the passage that the two talk bee the only ones of its kind the weaknesses in human nature at different times of the day different people(D)Advertisers tend to think big and perhaps this is why they?re always ing in for critics seem to resent them because they have a flair for selfpromotion and because they have so much money to throw around.“It?s iniquitous,” they say, “that this entirely unproductive industry(if we can call it that)should absorb millions of pounds each only goes to show how much profit the big panies are don?t they stop advertising and reduce the price of their goods? After all, it?s the consumer who pays…”The poor old consumer!He?d have to pay a great deal more if advertising didn?t create mass markets for is precisely because of the heavy advertising that consumer goods are so we get the wrong idea if we think the only purpose of advertising is to sell equally important function is to great deal of the knowledge we have about household goods derives largely from the advertisements we introduce us to new products or remind us of the existence of ones we already know you wanted to buy a washing machine, it is more than likely you would obtain details regarding performance, price, etc., from an of people pretend that they never read advertisements, but this claim may be seriously is hardly possible not to read advertisements these what fun they often are, too!Just think what a railway station or a newspaper would be like without you enjoy gazing at a blank wall or reading railway byelaws while waiting for a train? Would you like to read only closely printed columns of news in your daily paper? A cheerful, witty advertisement makes such a difference to a drab wall or a newspaper full of the daily ration of must not forget, either, that advertising makes a positive contribution to our , mercial radio and television panies could not subsist without this source of fact that we pay so little for our daily paper, or can enjoy so many broadcast programmes is due entirely to the money spent by think what a newspaper would cost if we had to pay its full price!Another thing we mustn?t forget is the “small ads.” which are in virtually every newspaper and a tremendously useful service they perform for the munity!Just about anything can be acplished through these instance, you can find a job, buy or sell a house, announce a birth, marriage or death in what used to be called the ?hatch, match and dispatch? column but by far the most fascinating section is the personal or “agony” other item in a newspaper provides such entertaining reading or offers such a deep insight into human ?s the best advertisement for advertising there is! is the main idea of this passage? benefits of perform a useful service to costs of attitude of the author toward advertisers do the critics criticize advertisers? advertisers often critics think advertisement is a “waste of money”. customers are encouraged to buy more than customers pay of the following is NOT true? makes contribution to our pockets and we may know can buy what we quality products don?t need to be makes our life passage (E)Police fired tear gas and arrested more than 5,000 passively resisting protestors Friday in an attempt to break up the largest antinuclear demonstration ever staged in the United than 135,000 demonstrators confronted police on the construction site of a 1,000megawatt nuclear power plant scheduled to provide power to most of southern New of the huge demonstration said, the protest was continuing despite the police demonstrators were arriving to keep up the pressure on state authorities to cancel the demonstrator had charged that the project was unsafe in the densely populated area, would create thermal pollution in the bay, and had no acceptable means for disposing of its radioactive demonstrations would go on until the jails and the courts were so overloaded that the state judicial system would Stanfor