【正文】 科，出席俄羅斯紀念衛(wèi)國戰(zhàn)爭勝利65周年慶典。8月26日，我國第一臺自行設計、自主集成研制的“蛟龍?zhí)枴陛d人潛水器3000米級海上試驗取得成功，最大下潛深度達到3759米，標志著我國繼美、法、俄、日之后成為第五個掌握3500米以上大深度載人深潛技術的國家。這標志著探月工程二期任務邁出了成功的第一步。被授予 “抗震救災舍己救人杰出義工”稱號，110月17日是聯(lián)合國確定的第十八個“國際消除貧困日”，今年的活動主題為“縮小貧窮與體面工作之間的差距”，1第六次全國人口普查工作2010年11月1日在全國展開。1中國共產黨第十七屆中央委員會第五次全體會議，于2010年10月15日至18日在北京舉行。從2011年元月起，年滿60周歲、未享受城鎮(zhèn)職工基本養(yǎng)老保險待遇的農村居民，不用繳費，可以按月領取基礎養(yǎng)老金55元。One should learn to think of you any bookmarks? No, I don’t have any have some questions to )some可用于疑問句中，表示盼望得到肯定的答復，或者表示建議，請求等。both和all加否定詞表示部分否定， of the books are not written in English./ Not all of the books are written in of us are not teachers./ Not both of us are teachers./ Either of us is a ．形容詞和副詞 ： ：1)形容詞作定語通常前置，但在下列情況后置： 修飾some, any, every, no和body, thing, one等構成的復合不定代詞時 nobody absent, everything possible 以able,ible結尾的形容詞可置于有最高級或only修飾的名詞之后 the best book available, the only solution possible alive, alike, awake, aware, asleep等可以后置 the only person awake 4 和空間、時間、單位連用時 a bridge 50 meters long 5 成對的形容詞可以后置 a huge room simple and beautiful 6 形容詞短語一般后置 a man difficult to get on with 2)多個形容詞修飾同一個名詞的順序： 代詞 數(shù)詞 性狀形容詞 冠詞前的形容詞 冠詞 指示代詞 不定代詞代詞所有格 序數(shù)詞 基數(shù)詞 性質 狀態(tài) 大小 長短 形狀 新舊 溫度 顏色 國籍 產地 材料 質地 名詞all both such the a this another your second next one four beautiful good poor large short square new cool black yellow Chinese London silk stone 3)復合形容詞的構成： 形容詞+名詞+ed kindhearted 6 名詞+形容詞 worldfamous 2 形容詞+形容詞 darkblue 7 名詞+現(xiàn)在分詞 peaceloving 形容詞+現(xiàn)在分詞 ordinarylooking 8 名詞+過去分詞 snowcovered 4 副詞+現(xiàn)在分詞 hardworking 9 數(shù)詞+名詞+ed threeegged 5 副詞+過去分詞 newlybuilt 10 數(shù)詞+名詞 twentyyear 副詞的分類： 時間副詞 soon, now, early, finally, once, recently 5 頻度副詞 always, often, frequently, seldom, never 2 地點副詞 here, nearby, outside, upwards, above 6 疑問副詞 how, where, when, why 方式副詞 hard, well, fast, slowly, excitedly, really 7 連接副詞 how, when, where, why, whether, however, meanwhile 程度副詞 almost, nearly, very, fairly, quite, rather 8 關系副詞 when, where, why ：形容詞和副詞的比較等級分為原級，比較級和最高級。簡言之，利用過去，說明現(xiàn)在。固定結構be going to, used to, have to, had better變?yōu)楸粍討B(tài)時，只需將其后的動詞變?yōu)楸粍討B(tài)。The weather in that city could be cold could have walked there。其形式為：need(needs/needed)/dare(dares/dared)to do, don’t(doesn’t/didn’t)need/dare to do八．非謂語動詞、意義及構成： 非謂語形式 構成 特征和作用時態(tài)和語態(tài) 否定式 復合結構不定式 to do to be doingto have done to be done to have been done 在非謂語前加not for do ，副詞和形容詞的作用 在句中做主、賓、定、表和狀語分詞 現(xiàn)在分詞 doing having done being done having been done 具有副詞和形容詞的作用 在句中做定、表、賓補和狀語過去分詞 done 動名詞 doing having done being done having been done sb’s doing 具有名詞的作用 在句中做主、賓、定和表語： 情況 常用動詞只接不定式做賓語的動詞 hope, want, offer, long, fail, expect, wish, ask, decide, pretend, manage, agree, afford, determine, promise, happen只接動名詞做賓語的動詞或短語 mind, miss, enjoy, imagine, practise, suggest, finish, escape, excuse, appreciate, admit, prevent, keep, dislike, avoid, risk, resist, considercan’t help, feel like, succeed in, be fond of, object to, get down to, be engaged in, insist on, think of, be proud of, take pride in, set about, be afraid of, be tired of, look forward to, devote oneself to, be worth, be busy, pay attention to, stick to兩者都可以 意義基本相同 begin, start, like, love, hate, prefer, continue（接不定式多指具體的動作，接動名詞多指一般或習慣行為）need, want, require（接動名詞主動形式表示被動意義，若接不定式則應用被動形式）意義相反 stop to do 停止手中事，去做另一件事 stop doing 停止正在做的事意義不同 remember/forget/regret to do（指動作尚未發(fā)生）remember/forget/regret doing（指動作已經發(fā)生）go on to do（接著做另外一件事）go on doing（接著做同一件事）try to do（設法，努力去做，盡力）try doing（試試去做，看有何結果）mean to do（打算做，企圖做）mean doing（意識是，意味著）can’t help to do（不能幫忙做）can’t help doing（忍不住要做）：常見動詞 與賓語的邏輯關系及時間概念 例句不定式 ask, beg, expect, get, order, tell, want, wish, encourage 主謂關系。現(xiàn)在分詞多含有“令人…, , ”之意，說明主語的性質特征，多表示主動，主語多為物。如果有“正如，象”的含義，并可以放在主句前，也可以放在后面，那么用as；而which引導的從句只能放主句后，并無“正如”的意思。讓步狀語 though, although, even if, even though, as, no matter what, whatever, no matter who, whoever, no matter which, whichever, no matter how, however, no matter when, whenever as在讓步狀語從句中常用倒裝形式；although和though用正常語序，可和yet連用，但不可和but連用十二。地點狀語 where, wherever原因狀語 because, as, since, now that because語氣最強，since較弱，表示大家都明了的原因，as又次之。3． 先行詞本身是that時，關系詞用which, 先行詞為those, one, he時多用who。It is no use saying that again and is my 無名詞的性質，不能做主語。： 兩者作情態(tài)動詞時常用于否定句和疑問句。可用于肯定句和否定句。I have been reading that book all the 。如：favourite, excellent, extreme, perfect。There is no water in the much water is there in the bottle? of the students are(is)afraid of : 1)other泛指“另外的，別的”常與其他詞連用，如：the other day, every other week, some other reason, no other way，the other特指兩者中的另外一個，復數(shù)為the others。： 指一類人或事，相當于a kind of A plane is a machine that can 第一次提及某人某物，非特指 A boy is waiting for 表示“每一”相當于every，one We study eight hours a 表示“相同”相當于the same We are nearly of an ，表示不認識此人或與某名人有類似性質的人或事 A came to visit you when you were out That boy is rather a Lei A couple of, a bit, once upon a time, in a hurry, have a walk, many a time 7 用于quite, rather, many, half, what, such之后 This room is rather a big 用于so(as, too, how)+形容詞之后 She is as clever a girl as you can wish to ： 表示某一類人或物 The horse is a useful the universe, the moon, the Pacific Ocean 3 表示說話雙方都了解的或上文提到過的人或事 Would you mind opening the door? 4 用于樂器前面 play the violin, play the guitar 5 用于形容詞和分詞前表示一類人 the reach, the living, the wounded 6 表示“一家人”或“夫婦” the Greens, the Wangs 用于序數(shù)詞和形容詞副詞比較級最高級前 He is the taller of the two ，山川群島的名詞前 the United States, the Communist Party of China, the French 用于表示發(fā)明物的單數(shù)名詞前 The pass was invented in 在逢十的復數(shù)數(shù)詞之前，指世紀的某個年代 in the 1990’s 11 用于表示單位的名詞前 I hired the car by the ，身體部位名詞，及表示時間的詞組前 He patted me on the ： 專有名詞，物質名詞，抽象名詞，人名地名等名詞前 Beijing University, Jack, China, love, air 2 名詞前有this, my, whose, some, no, each, every等限制 I want this book, not that one./ Whose purse is this? 季節(jié)，月份，星期，節(jié)假日，一日三餐前 March, Sunday, National Day, spring 4 表示職位，身份，頭銜的名詞前 Lincoln was made President of 學科，語言，球類，棋類名詞前 He likes playing football/ 與by連用表示交通工具的名詞前 by train, by air, by land 以and連接的兩個相對的名詞并用時 husband and wife, knife and fork, day and night 8 表示泛指的復數(shù)名詞前 Horses are useful ．代詞：： 人稱代詞 主格 I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they 賓格