【正文】 thought that is not plete by Coherence means clear and reasonable connection between chapters, a sentence is coherent when its words or chapters are properly connected and their relationships unmistakably is not coherent if it has faulty parallel constructions, pronouns with ambiguous reference, dangling or misplaced modifiers, confusing shifts in person and number, or in voice, tense, and ideas had better be expressed in parallel constructions, which give emphasis, clarity and coherence to a sentence.―what he says‖ and ―his deeds‖ are not parallel in form, so one of them has to be second sentence is faulty for the same reason and can be improved in the same the third, ―faith‖ and ―hope‖ are parallel, but they should be followed by different three sentences are labeled ―faulty‖ because of the unclear or wrong connection between certain the first sentence ―about sportsmen‖ seems to modify ―magazine,‖ but it should modify ―story.‖ In the second the whichclause is related to ―bag‖ but apparently it is meant to modify ―books.‖ In the third ―at first‖ may modify ―mentioned‖ and may also modify ―sounded‖ –an ambiguity that should be cleared the faults are caused by misplaced faulty sentences are not coherent because of a confusing change in person, in number, in mood, and in voice sentence should be consistent in these shifts should be Chapter 7 writing for practical purpose letters 教學(xué)目的與要求 Grasp the skills of writing personal and business letters 教學(xué)重點(diǎn) The ways of writing business letters 教學(xué)難點(diǎn) The ways of writing business letters 思考題與作業(yè) Task 1926 教學(xué)內(nèi)容、設(shè)計(jì)與時間安排： 教案內(nèi)容： method: Discussion and interaction proceduresStep and leadin the skills of notices and note writing the skills of writing personal and business letters Step : Letters are important means of speaking, there are two types of letters, business letters and personal letters.… A letter has six chapters: the heading, the inside address, the salutation, the body, the plimentary close, and the signature.(1)The heading The heading gives the full address of the writer and the date of the letter.…(2)The inside address The inside address, which is often omitted in personal letters, gives the name and full address of the addressee.(3)The salutation The salutation is a greeting to the is written flush with the left margin two spaces below the inside address.(4)The body In the body of the letter, all paragraphs should begin flush with the left margin(the block style)or begin with an equal indention(the indented style), and the letter is usually singlespaced within the paragraph and doubledspaced between paragraphs.(5)The plimentary close The closing of a business letter consists of three chapters: plimentary close, signature, and the typed the plimentary close, only the first word is capitalized.…The style and tone of letters can be greatly speaking, the style and tone of a personal letter differ from those of a business letterthe former is casual, whereas the latter is formal.…(1)Business letters 1)Invitation 2)Application for entry to a college 4)Applications for visas(2)Personal letters II..Curriculum Vitae A curriculum vitae(.)or resume is a short written account of the main events of one’s is often required when one applies for a job.… 。這種作文應(yīng)為以記敘為主，并有少量議論，“講求文明，從我做起”為主題，“遵守交通規(guī)則，注意文明舉止”為要點(diǎn)。Step 第一步：學(xué)生們分小組認(rèn)真讀題、思考，并討論對于這個話題他們可能會提出哪些問題（自由地，無序地，想到什么就提什么問題）。2．“起、承、轉(zhuǎn)、合”的連接表達(dá)，如： ⑴ 表并列關(guān)系的詞語：■ and, or, also，as well, too；■ as well as…，not only…but also, both … and… ⑵ 表增補(bǔ)的詞語：■ in addition, furthermore, besides, moreover, again, also, what’s more, similarly…⑶ 表轉(zhuǎn)折對比的過渡詞：■ although, but, however, yet, instead, on the contrary … ⑷ 表原因的詞語：■ because, since, as, for, now that, because of, thanks to, due to, owing to, for this reason, considering that, seeing that； as a result of …⑸ 表結(jié)果的詞語：■ so, so that, so…that, such…that，as a result；therefore； thus；consequently …⑹ 表特定的順序關(guān)系的詞語：■ First / Firstly, … Second / Secondly, … Third / Thirdly …■ First of all / To begin with , then, next, finally/in the end/at last … ⑺ 表總結(jié)的詞語：■ in a word, to sum up, in conclusion, in short, in general, generally speaking, finally, to conclude ………最后，學(xué)生們討論可能會用到哪些高級詞匯、短語以及句型。接下來，我對學(xué)生們寫作的總體評價與反饋。擬定提綱要點(diǎn)是給分的一個重要因素。因此，中考時花幾分鐘時間用來檢查錯誤顯得尤為重要。最多展開3 個方面，每個方面最多2句話；（3）結(jié)尾：緊扣主題，2句話內(nèi)結(jié)束，盡量升華。(2)小詞大用漢語中有些語意看來很復(fù)雜很文雅，但在英語中可用一些常用詞表達(dá)。 you may fail the exam, he can still be useful to the 確保語法正確。Scientific Principle。Flexibility topics should be avoided? of choosing a topic Decide on the subject areaChoose a topicFocus into a questionDesign a title Subject areas: literature, linguistics, translation, TEFL, crossculture and other subject areas Finding a Research Problem Design a title 1: literary criticism /parative study Exercise 2: revise the following topics五、作業(yè)Search for as many thesis titles as possible to get the idea of title designing and design your own title..Lecture 3: Collecting amp。Book binding and Steps of Graduation Thesis Writing Choose a topic, collect and organize materials, pose the first draft, revise the draft and finalize 、作業(yè)Read Unit 2 after class..Lecture 2: Choosing a Topic for a Thesis(Unit 2)一、課程成果（Oute） what steps to follow when choosing a topic how to improve topics that have problems二、學(xué)時安排 2 hours三、重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)Know how to work out an effective research 、教學(xué)內(nèi)容 for choosing a thesis topic Significance(Importance)and Interest。2．期末成績：無 3．考試方式：大作業(yè) Lecture 1: Introduction to Thesis Writing(Unit 1)一、課程成果（Oute） the aim of the course generally some information about graduation thesis what constitutes a good topic for research二、學(xué)時安排 2 hours三、重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) and Requirements of Graduation Thesis of Graduation Thesis of Graduation Thesis Writing四、教學(xué)內(nèi)容Introduction to Graduation Thesis 1 What is a thesis?It is a research paper posed by a college student when he/she has finished college study with the help of his /her supervisor, which is also called graduation