【正文】 r first spoken words leads to considerable difficulties. It is agreed that they enjoy making noises, and that during the first few months one or two noises sort themselves as particularly expressive as delight, pain, friendliness, and so on. But since these can’t be said to show the baby’s intention to municate, they can hardly be regarded as early forms of language. It is agreed, too, that from about three months they play with sounds for enjoyment, and that by six months they are able to add new words to their store. This selfimitation（模仿） leads on to deliberate（有意的） imitation of sounds made or words spoken to them by other people. The problem then arises as to the point at which one can say that these imitations can be considered as speech. It is a problem we need to get our teeth into. The meaning of a word depends on what a particular person means by it in a particular situation and it is clear that what a child means by a word will change as he gains more experience of the world .Thus the use at seven months of “mama” as a greeting for his mother cannot be dismissed as a meaningless sound simply because he also uses it at other times for his father, his dog, or anything else he likes. Playful and meaningless imitation of what other people say continues after the child has begun to speak for himself, I doubt, however whether anything is gained when parents take advantage of this ability in an attempt to teach new sounds. 61. Before children start speaking________. A. they need equal amount of listening B. they need different amounts of listening C. they are all eager to cooperate with the adults by obeying spoken instructions D. they can’t understand and obey the adult’s oral instructions 62. Children who start speaking late ________. A. may have problems with their listening B. probably do not hear enough language spoken around them C. usually pay close attention to what they hear D. often take a long time in learning to listen properly 63. A baby’s first noises are ________. A. an expression of his moods and feelings B. an early form of language C. a sign that he means to tell you something D. an imitation of the speech of adults 64. The problem of deciding at what point a baby’s imitations can be considered as speech________. A. is important because words have different meanings for different people B. is not especially important because the changeover takes place gradually C. is one that should be properly understood because the meaning of words changes with age D. is one that should be pletely ignored（忽略） because children’s use of words is often meaningless 65. The speaker implies________. A. parents can never hope to teach their children new sounds B. children no longer imitate people after they begin to speak C. children who are good at imitating learn new words more quickly D. even after they have learnt to speak, children still enjoy imitating 七 . 信息匹配（ 10 分） Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A—G for each paragraph. There are two extra headings which you do not need. A. New teachers’ opinions of involving parents B. An argument over an assignment C. A conflict between assumption and reality D. Difficulties in sharing goals E. The best way to score high F. Proper ways of parental involvement G. According to research on Study 66. ___________________________ An Iowa high school counselor gets a call from a parent protesting the “C” her child received on an assignment. “The parent argued every point in the essay, ” recalls the counselor, who soon realized why the mother was so disappointed about the grade. “It became apparent that she’d written it.” 67. ___________________________ In a survey, 90% of new teachers agreed that involving parents in their children’s education is a priority at their school, but only 25％ described their experience working with parents as “very satisfying.” When asked to choose me biggest challenge they face, 31％ of them quoted involving parents and municating with them as their top choice. 73％ of new teachers said too many parents treat schools and teachers as enemies. 68. ___________________________ At a time when petition is rising and resources are limited, when battles over testing force schools to adjust their priorities, when cell phones and