模塊二-亞太財(cái)經(jīng)與發(fā)展中心(存儲(chǔ)版)
【正文】 Evaluations 評價(jià)的種類 ? Formative 形成性評價(jià) – focus on improved performance before and during implementation (project, program or policy) 注重（項(xiàng)目、計(jì)劃或政策） 執(zhí)行前和執(zhí)行中 績效的提高 ? Summative 總結(jié)性評價(jià) – focus on outes (consequences) 注重結(jié)果（成果） ? Prospective 前瞻性評價(jià) asses the likely outes of proposed interventions 對建議的干預(yù)活動(dòng)后所產(chǎn)生的可能結(jié)果進(jìn)行評估 ? Is this program/project/policy worth evaluating? 該計(jì)劃 /項(xiàng)目 /政策值得進(jìn)行評價(jià)嗎？ ? Will the gains be worth the effort/resources expended? 相對于付出的努力和資源，評價(jià)獲得的收益值得 嗎？ 5 Purpose of Evaluation 評價(jià)的目的 ? Ethical 道德 ? Managerial 管理 ? Decisional 決策 ? Educative and Motivational 教育和激勵(lì) 6 Benefits of Evaluation 評價(jià)的益處 ? Helps answer questions about interventions ? 有助于回答有關(guān)干預(yù)的問題 ? Benefits for people 對人的益處 – direct vs. indirect 直接或間接 – intended vs. unintended 有意或無意 – shortterm vs. longterm 短期或長期 7 What to Evaluate? 評價(jià)的對象 ? Projects 項(xiàng)目 ? Programs 計(jì)劃 ? Policies 政策 ? Organizations 組織 ? Sectors 部門 ? Themes 主題 ? Country assistance 國家援助 8 Uses of Evaluations 評價(jià)的運(yùn)用 ? Give feedback on the performance of policies, programs, and projects 對政策、計(jì)劃和項(xiàng)目的績效做出反饋 ? Make policies, programs, and projects accountable for how they use public funds 使政策、計(jì)劃和項(xiàng)目能對公共資金的使用做出合理解釋 ? Help stakeholders learn more about policies, programs, and projects 幫助利益相關(guān)者了解更多有關(guān)政策、計(jì)劃和項(xiàng)目的信息 ? Carried out around the needs of the primary intended user 圍繞主要預(yù)期使用者的需求開展評價(jià) ? Clarify theory of change for projects, programs, and policy 明確項(xiàng)目、計(jì)劃和政策的變革理論 9 Evaluation Provides Information on: 評價(jià)提供以下幾方面的信息 ： ? Strategy – 策略層面 – Are the right things being done? – 是否在做正確的事？ ? Operations – 操作層面 – Are things being done right? – 做事的方式是否正確？ ? Learning – 學(xué)習(xí)層面 – Are there better ways? – 有無其它更好的方法？ 10 Monitoring and Evaluation 監(jiān)測和評價(jià) ? Monitoring 監(jiān)測 – routine, ongoing, and internal activity of tracking key indicators – 常規(guī)性持續(xù)性地跟蹤關(guān)鍵指標(biāo) – internal activity 屬于內(nèi)部活動(dòng) – used to collect information on a program’s activities, outputs and outes to measure performance of the program 用于收集某個(gè)計(jì)劃的活動(dòng)、產(chǎn)出和成果的相關(guān)資料以衡量其績效 ? Evaluation 評價(jià) – period and time bound 具有一定的時(shí)限性 – can be internal, external or participatory可以是內(nèi)部、外部或者參與式的 – periodic feedback to key stakeholders定期向關(guān)鍵的利益相關(guān)者進(jìn)行反饋 11 Who Conducts the Evaluation 評價(jià)的主體 ? Internal evaluators: 內(nèi)部評價(jià)人員 – usually know more 通常更加了解： ? history, anization, culture, problems,
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