【正文】 m(3)Altera公司芯片F(xiàn)PGA系列自二十年前發(fā)明世界上第一個(gè)可編程邏輯器件開始，Altera公司（NASDAQ：ALTR）秉承了創(chuàng)新的傳統(tǒng)，是世界上“可編程芯片系統(tǒng)”（SOPC）解決方案倡導(dǎo)者。* Stratix ：altera大規(guī)模高端FPGA,2002年中期推出。 CPU的選擇及應(yīng)用167。作為地址用時(shí)為地址低8位，且每位的拉電流可以驅(qū)動(dòng)8個(gè)TTL邏輯門電路，對(duì)端口寫“1”可以作為高阻抗輸入端用。EA/VPP:當(dāng)接低電平時(shí)，CPU僅訪問外部程序存儲(chǔ)器，當(dāng)接高電平時(shí)，接內(nèi)部程序存儲(chǔ)器中的指令。作為系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)人員，您面臨很多挑戰(zhàn)，包括越來(lái)越大的成本壓力和越來(lái)越復(fù)雜的設(shè)計(jì)，新出現(xiàn)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，以及越來(lái)越短的設(shè)計(jì)周期等。 6 芯片內(nèi)有Signal Tap Ⅱ嵌入式邏輯分析器，極大地方便了設(shè)計(jì)者對(duì)芯片內(nèi)部邏輯進(jìn)行檢查，而不需要將內(nèi)部信號(hào)輸出到I/O管腳上。 專用外部存儲(chǔ)器接口電路，支持與DDR FCRAM和SDRAM器件以及SDR SDRAM存儲(chǔ)器的連接。 Quartus II 軟件OpenCore評(píng)估特性支持免費(fèi)的IP功能評(píng)估 到上世紀(jì)80年代中期開發(fā)的超扭曲相列型STNLCD產(chǎn)品，在顯示品質(zhì)上相比TNLCD有了很大的進(jìn)步[D1。LCD正是由這樣兩個(gè)相互垂直的極化濾光器構(gòu)成，所以在正常情況下應(yīng)該阻斷所有試圖穿透的光線。同時(shí) GDM12864A 配備了一套顯示存儲(chǔ)器的管理電路和與計(jì)算機(jī)接口電路，允許計(jì)算機(jī)直接訪問顯示存儲(chǔ)器，也就是說(shuō) GDM12864A 可以直接與計(jì)算機(jī)的總線連接。簡(jiǎn)單的操作指令顯示開關(guān)設(shè)置，顯示起始行設(shè)置，地址指針設(shè)置和數(shù)據(jù)讀／寫等指令。單片機(jī)具有性能價(jià)格高、功能靈活、易于人機(jī)對(duì)話、強(qiáng)大的數(shù)據(jù)處理能力的特點(diǎn)；FPGA則具有高速、高可靠性以及開發(fā)便捷、規(guī)范等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。AT89C51單片機(jī)的數(shù)據(jù)總線為D0D7共8根。在圖中電路中以 89c51的P0口作為數(shù)據(jù)口， ， 。在本章節(jié)中將詳細(xì)介紹各個(gè)軟件功能模塊的設(shè)計(jì)。Dout為輸出到單片機(jī)的數(shù)據(jù)。139。)。 END IF。適用于8位MCU。設(shè)計(jì)中單片機(jī)從FPGA模塊中取數(shù)時(shí)鐘為txd信號(hào)，程序中當(dāng)每顯示完一個(gè)字，txd就會(huì)產(chǎn)生一個(gè)高電平，fpga模塊檢測(cè)到高電平信號(hào)，就會(huì)從存儲(chǔ)器模塊中取數(shù)。BUSY=1表示 GDM12864A 正在處理計(jì)算機(jī)發(fā)來(lái)的指令或數(shù)據(jù)。 在指令設(shè)置和數(shù)據(jù)讀寫時(shí)要注意狀態(tài)字中的BUSY標(biāo)志。當(dāng) D=0為關(guān)顯示設(shè)置，顯示數(shù)據(jù)鎖存器被置零，顯示屏呈不顯示狀態(tài)，但顯示存儲(chǔ)器并沒有被破壞，在狀態(tài)字中 ON／OFF＝1。Y地址計(jì)數(shù)器具有自動(dòng)加一功能，在每一次讀／寫數(shù)據(jù)后它將自動(dòng)加一，所以在連續(xù)進(jìn)行讀／寫數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)，Y地址計(jì)數(shù)器不必每次都設(shè)置一次。167。uVision2通過以下特性加速你的嵌入式系統(tǒng)的開發(fā)過程。 與開發(fā)工具手冊(cè)和器件數(shù)據(jù)手冊(cè)和用戶指南有直接的鏈接。Quartus集成環(huán)境包括以下內(nèi)容：系統(tǒng)級(jí)設(shè)計(jì)、嵌入式軟件開發(fā)、可編程邏輯器件(PLD)設(shè)計(jì)、綜合、布局布線、驗(yàn)證和仿真。第5章 系統(tǒng)測(cè)試與結(jié)果仿真167。通過調(diào)試工具，在軟件中對(duì)代碼進(jìn)行測(cè)試。在顯示的時(shí)候我們需要簡(jiǎn)單的排版，將“三角波”漢字放在第一行，頻率放在第二行，頻率數(shù)據(jù)放在漢字后面，且漢字與數(shù)據(jù)有“：”隔開。本文所述的基于C51匯編語(yǔ)言的單片機(jī)控制LCD驅(qū)動(dòng)器的方法是在實(shí)際工作中總結(jié)出的,僅從應(yīng)用角度介紹了控制的原理,沒有詳細(xì)介紹工作模式、命令格式及圖形算法。在工作中深深的感到平時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)的東西的重要。C, f = MHz, VCC = +.DC Characteristics:Applicable over remended operating range from: TAI=40176。C, VCC = + to +, CL = 1 TTL Gate and100 pF (unless otherwise noted).Device Operation CLOCK and DATA TRANSITIONS: The SDA pin is normally pulled high with an external device. Data on the SDA pin may change only during SCL low time periods (refer toData Validity timing diagram). Data changes during SCL high periods will indicate a start or stop condition as defined below.START CONDITION: A hightolow transition of SDA with SCL high is a start conditionwhich must precede any other mand (refer to Start and Stop Definition timing diagram).STOP CONDITION: A lowtohigh transition of SDA with SCL high is a stop condition which terminates all munications. After a read sequence, the stop mand will place the EEPROM in a standby power mode (refer to Start and Stop Definition timing diagram).ACKNOWLEDGE: All addresses and data words are serially transmitted to and from the EEPROM in 8bit words. Any device on the system bus receiving data (when municating with the EEPROM) must pull the SDA bus low to acknowledge that it has successfully received each word. This must happen during the ninth clock cycle after each word received and after all other system devices have freed the SDA bus. The EEPROM will likewise acknowledge by pulling SDA low after receiving each address or data word (refer to Acknowledge Response from Receiver timing diagram).STANDBY MODE: The AT24C01 features a low power standby mode which is enabled: (a) upon powerup and (b) after the receipt of the STOP bit and the pletion of any internal operations.MEMORY RESET: After an interruption in protocol, power loss or system reset, any 2wire part can be reset by following these steps:(a) Clock up to 9 cycles, (b) look for SDA high in each cycle while SCL is high and then(c) create a start condition as SDA is high. Write Operations BYTE WRITE: Following a start condition, a write operation requires a 7bit data word address and a low write bit. Upon receipt of this address, the EEPROM will again respond with a zero and then clock in the first 8bit data word. Following receipt of the 8bit data word, the EEPROM will output a zero and the addressing device, such as a microcontroller, must terminate the write sequence with a stop condition. At this time the EEPROM enters an internallytimed write cycle to the nonvolatile memory. All inputs are disabled during this write cycle , tWR, and the EEPROM will not respond until the write is plete (refer to Figure 1).PAGE WRITE: The AT24C01 is capable of a 4byte page write.A page write is initiated the same as a byte write but the microcontroller does not send a stop condition after the first data word is clocked in. Instead, after the EEPROM acknowledges receipt of the first data word, the microcontroller can transmit up to three more data words. The EEPROM will respond with a zero after each data word microcontroller must terminate the page write sequence with a stop condition (refer to Figure 2). The data word address lower 2 bits are internally incremented following the receipt of each data word. The higher five data word address bits are not incremented, retainingthe memory pag。愿大家在今后的人生道路中一切順利。首先我很感謝齊老師給我的幫助，設(shè)計(jì)中我遇到了很多問題，每次通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)向齊老師請(qǐng)教，齊老師都很細(xì)心的給我講解。 結(jié)　論實(shí)踐證明本系統(tǒng)硬件電路簡(jiǎn)單, 程序簡(jiǎn)潔, 通用性強(qiáng), 達(dá)到了設(shè)計(jì)的目的, 為各種人機(jī)交互界面的設(shè)計(jì), 提供了一種有效的方法。 測(cè)試方案：用VHDL編寫一個(gè)信號(hào)發(fā)生器程序，讓LCD顯示信號(hào)的波形類型和頻率及幅度。167。 您可以使用 Quartus II Block Editor、Text Editor、MegaWizard PlugInManager （Tools 菜單）和 EDA 設(shè)計(jì)輸入工具建立包括 Altera 宏功能模塊、參數(shù)化模塊庫(kù) (LPM) 函數(shù)和知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán) (IP) 函數(shù)在內(nèi)的設(shè)計(jì)。167。 真正的源代碼級(jí)的對(duì)CPU和外圍器件的調(diào)試器。 系統(tǒng)調(diào)試軟件Keil uVision2uVision2IDE是一個(gè)基于的開發(fā)平臺(tái)，包括一個(gè)高效的編輯器一個(gè)項(xiàng)目管理器和一個(gè)MAKE工具。 LCD 讀控制狀態(tài)標(biāo)志 RDY： CLR DI ；讀狀態(tài)標(biāo)志 CLR RW SETB E MOV A，P0 ；讀LCD狀態(tài) CLR E JB ,RDY ；檢測(cè)BUSY位 RETWI: SETB CS1 ；寫控制指令 SETB CS2 LCALL RDY ；檢測(cè)BUSY位 CLR DI CLR RW MOV P0,20H ；向LCD寫數(shù)據(jù) SETB E ；使能信號(hào)E=1 CLR E ；使能信號(hào)E=0 CLR CS1 CLR CS2 RETWD1: SETB CS1 ；寫顯示數(shù)據(jù)（左） LCALL RDY ；檢測(cè)BUSY位 SETB DI CLR RW MOV P0,20H 。該指令規(guī)定了以后的讀／寫操作將在哪一個(gè)頁(yè)面上進(jìn)行。當(dāng)D=1為開顯示設(shè)置，顯示數(shù)據(jù)鎖存器正常工作，顯示屏上呈現(xiàn)所需的顯示效果。當(dāng)RST為低電平狀態(tài)時(shí)，GDM12864A 處于復(fù)位工作狀態(tài)，RESET=1。下面詳細(xì)解釋各個(gè)指令的功能： HD61202操作流程圖圖32 HD61202操作流程圖l 讀狀態(tài)字（Status Read）RSR/WDB7DB7DB5DB4DB3DB2DB1DB001BUSYOON／OFFRESET0000 狀態(tài)字是計(jì)算機(jī)了解GDM12864A 當(dāng)前狀態(tài)的唯一的信息渠道。在附錄中將列出地址表。 單片機(jī)模塊我們采用MCS51系列AT89C51單片機(jī)來(lái)訪問FPGA模塊的嵌入式RAM存儲(chǔ)器。 ELSE TXD=39。 THEN ADDRESS=(OTHERS=