【正文】 or three years. Mathematics is very important in all branches of engineering, so it is greatly stressed. Today, mathematics includes courses in statistics, which deals with gathering, classifying, and using numerical data, or pieces of information. An important aspect of statistical mathematics is probability, which deals with what may happen when there are different factors, or variables, that can change the results of a problem. Before the construction of a bridge is undertaken, for example, a statistical study is made of the amount of traffic the bridge will be expected to handle. In the design of the bridge, variables such as water pressure on the foundations, impact, the effects of different wind forces, and many other factors must be considered. is very important in all branches of engineering so _____a_______. a. it is greatly stressed b. it is nearly stressed c. it is not stressed deals with ______b______. a. listening and speaking b. gathering, classifying and using pieces of information c. reading and writing important aspect of statistical mathematics is _____a____________. a. probability b. different factors c. variables is the main meaning of the passage? a. physics is very important in all branches of engineering b. mathematics is very important in all branches of engineering c. chemistry is very important in all branches of engineering Passage Two Civil engineering projects are almost unique。這些重要的設(shè)備是經(jīng)緯儀、水準(zhǔn)儀、和卷尺。 Computer, of course ,can somlve many problems involving calculations with greater speed and acuracy than a human being 58. 承包商必須按照合同的條款履行自己的責(zé)任。 many structure sites the field investigations indicate that channel relocations and improvements above and below the structure may provide a better situation from the hydraulic ，現(xiàn)場(chǎng)調(diào)查指出改渠和改善結(jié)構(gòu)物的上下游，從水力學(xué)的觀(guān)點(diǎn)看，可能提供一種更好的情況、 Part V Translate the Sentences into English (15’) 。 The selection of earth working equipments is primarily depended on the nature of the materials and the haul distances Professional English Test C Part I Vocabulary and Structure (20’) 1. In most cases, the tender may be ___b___ at any time until it has been accepted. a. confirmed b. withdrawn c. admitted d. continued 2. The law relating to contracts imposes on each party to a contract ___b___ to perform. a. an irksome task b. an easy experiment c. a good plan d. a legal obligation 3. Types of contracts are virtually classified by their __d____ system: (1) pricebased and (2) costbased. a. construction b. design c. tender d. payment 4. Roadbeds ___b___ highway pavement structures and the ballast and track on which trains move. a. lie above b. underlie c. lie left d. lie right 5. In recent years, rippers have been used successfully to ___c___ loose or fractured rock. a. break down b. break even c. break up d. break away 6. Where material is moved less than about 60m or steeply downhill, drifting with a track or wheel type bulldozer is ___a___. a. cheapest b. expensive c. unknown d. the same 7. Usually there are ___c___ easy answer on equipment selection. a. some b. many c. no d. much 8. In fills constructed by end dumping or by placing in thick layers, material, density, and moisture content could ___c___ greatly from one spot to another. a. be the same b. be alike c. vary d. be equal 9. Layered construction also produced greater uniformity in the material _____d_ and in its density and moist。 plans and specifications stipulate many requirements that are to be met by materials or construction 。 55. Selection of equipment depends on the nature of the material, how far it is to be moved, and the method of disposal. 設(shè)備的選擇要看材料的特性、運(yùn)輸距離的遠(yuǎn)近和處理的方法 Part V Translate the following into English (15’) 56. 由于施工會(huì)很危險(xiǎn)，所以安全因素必須考慮在內(nèi)。 54. An urban transportation system is a basic ponent of an urban area?s social, economic, and physical structure. 城市的交通系統(tǒng)是城市的社會(huì)、經(jīng)濟(jì)和物質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)的基本組成成分。 it may decay and leave voids that result in settlement. Selective clearing in adjoining areas may at times be required. to the passage, which is the main topic? a. excavation b. site clearing c. embankment to the passage, ______c_____ is NOT be removed in rural areas. a. shrubs b. crops c. earth all vegetable remained, ______c______. a. it may cause shortage of vegetable in the market b. the vegetable grow fast c. it may decay and leave voids it is required clearing______a______. a. adjacent areas b. far areas c. rural areas Passage Four Vehicular safety design usually centers on protecting the driver and his passengers in case an accident occurs due to some other failure in the highway system. Examples of this type of design are safety belts and shoulder harnesses, safer door latches, nonshattering windshields, and energy absorbing steering columns. Improvements are made constantly in the parts of a vehicle which are obvious to the driver. These parts include windshield wipers, headlamps, brakes, steering suspension, and the exhaust system. The introduction of front and rear directional signals contributes greatly to motor vehicle safety. Stop lights, backup lights, and fourway emergency flashers also aid in vehicle safety. Fourway emergency flashers have bee standard equipment for vehicles. to the passage, which is NOT mentioned? a. safety belts b. safer door latches c. brake pedal to the passage, which bee stand