【正文】 熟精子。貉膽囊 (汁 )干燥后可代替熊膽入藥。 貉的食性頗雜。家養(yǎng)貉的活動范圍較小，多在籠中進行直線往返運動。 野生貉主要生活在乎原、丘陵及部分山地。前后足均具有發(fā)達的趾墊。江西貉：產于我國江西省及其鄰近各省。 第 1 頁 共 224 頁 目 錄 第 2 頁 共 224 頁 一、貉的生物學特性與經濟價值 .......................................................... 1 (一 )貉的分類與分布 .............................................................................1 (二 )貉的形態(tài)與習性 .............................................................................2 (三 )貉的經濟價值 .................................................................................5 二、貉的繁殖 ......................................................................................... 6 (一 )貉生殖系統(tǒng)的解剖特點 .................................................................6 1．公貉的生殖系統(tǒng) ...........................................................................6 2．母貉的生殖系統(tǒng) ...........................................................................9 (二 )貉的繁殖特點 ............................................................................... 11 1．性成熟 ........................................................................................ 11 2．性周期 ........................................................................................ 11 3．性行為 ........................................................................................ 14 4．妊娠 ............................................................................................ 16 5．產仔 ............................................................................................ 17 6．哺乳母貉及仔貉的行為 ............................................................. 18 (三 )養(yǎng)貉的繁殖技術 ........................................................................... 20 1．配種技術 .................................................................................... 20 2．產仔?；罴夹g ............................................................................ 29 (四 )影響貉繁殖力的因素及提高其繁殖力的措施 ............................ 33 1．影響貉繁殖力的因素 ................................................................. 33 2．提高繁殖力的綜合技術措施 ..................................................... 34 三、貉的飼料與營養(yǎng) ........................................................................... 36 (一 )飼料的營養(yǎng)物質及其功能 ........................................................... 36 1．水分 ............................................................................................ 37 2．蛋白質 ........................................................................................ 38 3．脂肪 ............................................................................................ 41 ................................................................................... 43 5．無機鹽 ........................................................................................ 44 (二 )飼料的種類及利用 ....................................................................... 54 ................................................................................... 55 2．植物性飼料 ................................................................................ 66 3．飼料添加劑 ................................................................................ 68 ................................................................................... 72 (三 )飼料品質檢驗 ............................................................................... 72 1．肉類飼料的品質檢驗 ................................................................. 73 第 3 頁 共 224 頁 2．魚類飼料的品質檢驗 ................................................................. 74 3．乳類飼料的品質檢驗 ................................................................. 75 .................................................................... 76 5．谷類飼料的品質檢驗 ................................................................. 77 6．干粉飼料的品質檢驗 ................................................................. 77 7．果蔬飼料的品質檢驗 ................................................................. 78 (四 )飼料的貯存及加工調制 ............................................................... 78 1．飼料的貯存 ................................................................................ 78 2．飼料的加工 ................................................................................ 82 3．飼料的調制 ................................................................................ 85 (五 )貉的營養(yǎng)需要與飼養(yǎng)標準 ........................................................... 87 (六 )貉日糧的擬定方法 ....................................................................... 91 1．擬定貉日糧的依據 ..................................................................... 91 2．擬定貉日糧的方法 ..................................................................... 92 四、貉的飼養(yǎng)管理 ............................................................................... 93 (一 )飼養(yǎng)管理的基本要求 ................................................................... 93 2．動植物飼料適當搭配 ................................................................. 94 3．飼喂要定時定量 ......................................................................... 95 ................................................................ 95 5．保證飲水 .................................................................................... 95 7．做好防暑防寒工作 ..................................................................... 96 8．分群管理 .................................................................................... 97 (二 )準備配種期的飼養(yǎng)管理 ............................................................... 97 1．準備配種期的飼養(yǎng) ..................................................................... 98 ...................................................................... 100 (三 )配種期的飼養(yǎng)管理 ..................................................................... 101 1．配種期的飼養(yǎng) .......................................................................... 102 2．配種期的管理 .......................................................................... 103 (四 )妊娠期 的飼養(yǎng)管理