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1) 大部分形容詞加ly可構(gòu)成副詞。3) How was your recent visit to Qingdao? It was great. We visited some friends,and spent the ___days at the seaside. A. few last sunny B. last few sunny C. last sunny few D. few sunny last答案:B?! e speaks English well.二、副詞的排列順序:1) 時(shí)間,地點(diǎn)副詞,小單位的在前,大單位在后。t know him well enough. There is enough food for everyone to eat. There is food enough for everyone to eat.1) close與closely close意思是近; closely 意思是仔細(xì)地 H。注意: a. 大多數(shù)方式副詞位于句尾,但賓語(yǔ)過(guò)長(zhǎng),副詞可以提前,以使句子平衡。由限定詞數(shù)詞描繪詞(大小,長(zhǎng)短,形狀,新舊,顏色) 性質(zhì)名詞的公式可知數(shù)詞,描繪詞,性質(zhì)依次順序,只有C符合答案?! 。ㄥe(cuò)) He is an ill man. ?。▽?duì)) The man is ill. (錯(cuò)) She is an afraid girl. ?。▽?duì)) The girl is afraid. 這類(lèi)詞還有: well,unwell,ill,faint,afraid,alike,alive,alone,asleep,awake 等。形容詞修飾名詞,說(shuō)明事物或人的性質(zhì)或特征?! ?How many people are there at the meeting? How much time has we left? Many of the workers were at the meeting. Much of the time was spent on learning., little, a few, a little(a) few + 可數(shù)名詞, (a) little + 不可數(shù)名詞 a few / a little 為肯定含義,還有一點(diǎn) few / little 為否定含義,沒(méi)有多少了。 I don39。 Neither of the two boys is clever. 兩個(gè)男孩都不聰明。5) every 有反復(fù)重復(fù)的意思,如 every two weeks等; each沒(méi)有?!?Did any one call me up just now? 剛才有人打電話(huà)給我嗎? No one. 沒(méi)有。 5) 泛指別的人或物時(shí),用others當(dāng)在一定范圍內(nèi),除去一部分后,剩余部分但不是全部時(shí),也用others。 I can39。如果替代的名詞時(shí)無(wú)形容詞在前,則用some, any,而不 用ones。 Would you like句式中,表委婉請(qǐng)求或建議,如: Would you like some coffee? b. 在條件狀語(yǔ)從句中表示確定的意義時(shí),如: If you need some help,let me know. c. some位于主語(yǔ)部分, Some students haven39。但如做表語(yǔ),則其單復(fù)數(shù)與表語(yǔ)一致。t sing,neither (can) he. neither 與nor d. 如前句是否定式從句,則主句用neither,而不用 nor?!?a. both 與復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞連用,但 both… and…可與單數(shù)名詞連用?! ?) 不定代詞的功能與用法 a. 除every 和no外不定代詞既可用作名詞,也可用作形容詞?!?(whose 指物,在限定性定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ)) He came back for the book which he had forgotten. 他回來(lái)取他丟下的書(shū)。) 說(shuō)明3: 疑問(wèn)代詞用于對(duì)介詞賓語(yǔ)提問(wèn)時(shí),過(guò)去的文體中介詞和疑問(wèn)代詞通常一起放在句首,現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)中,疑問(wèn)代詞在句首,介詞在句未,例如: For what do most people live and work? 大部分人生活和工作的目的是什么?(舊文體) What are you looking for? 你在找什么?(現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)) 說(shuō)明4: 疑問(wèn)代詞還可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句,例如: I can39。 (對(duì)) He admired those who looked beautiful. 他贊賞那些外表漂亮的人?! ?c. 作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ) My point is this. 我的觀點(diǎn)就是如此?,F(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)中,兩組詞交替使用的實(shí)例也很多,例如: He put all the books beside each other. 他把所有書(shū)并列擺放起來(lái)。 b. 但在and, or, nor連接的并列主語(yǔ)中,第二個(gè)主語(yǔ)可用反身代詞,特別是myself 作主語(yǔ)。 b. 用于及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+介詞 take pride in, be annoyed with, help oneself to sth. I could not dress (myself) up at that time. 那個(gè)時(shí)候我不能打扮我自己。 c. 作介詞賓語(yǔ),例如: Your should interpret what I said in my sense of the word, not in yours. 你應(yīng)當(dāng)按我所用的詞義去解釋我說(shuō)的話(huà),而不能按你自己的意義去解釋。1)物主代詞既有表示所屬的作用又有指代作用,例如: John had cut his finger?! ?Nobody came, did he? 誰(shuí)也沒(méi)來(lái),是嗎? 2)動(dòng)物名詞的指代一般用it或they代替,有時(shí)也用he, she,帶有親切的感情色彩?!?b. 在電話(huà)用語(yǔ)中常用主格?,F(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)中多用賓格,在正式文體中這里應(yīng)為she和I。 如: He is the man whom you have been looking for. 他就是你要找的那個(gè)人。如: Do you have a car? 你有一輛小汽車(chē)嗎? Yes,I have one. 是的,我有一輛?! ∪纾?That is a good idea. 那是個(gè)好主意?! t39?! ?c. 主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+倍數(shù)(分?jǐn)?shù))+ 形容詞(副詞)比較級(jí)+ than… The grain output is 8 percent higher this year than that of last year. 今年比去年糧食產(chǎn)量增加8%?! ?當(dāng)名詞被比較級(jí)形容詞修飾時(shí),不定冠詞通常置于比較級(jí)形容詞之后?! ?He raises a black and a white cat. 他養(yǎng)了一只黑貓和一只白貓?!?0) 用在姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)名詞之前,表示一家人: the Greens 格林一家人 (或格林夫婦) 11) 用在慣用語(yǔ)中: in the day, in the morning (afternoon,evening), the day after tomorrow the day before yesterday, the next morning, in the sky (water,field,country) in the dark, in the rain, in the distance, in the middle (of), in the end,on the whole, by the way, go to the theatre1) 國(guó)名,人名前通常不用定冠詞:England,Mary; 2)泛指的復(fù)數(shù)名詞,表示一類(lèi)人或事物時(shí),可不用定冠詞; They are teachers. 他們是教師。 the living 生者?! ?A knife is a tool for cutting with. Mr. Smith is an engineer. 3) 詞組或成語(yǔ)。s 加在最后一個(gè)詞的詞尾?!?) 如果兩個(gè)名詞并列,并且分別有39。s room 男廁所?! ?如:goods train (貨車(chē)) arms produce 武器生產(chǎn) customs papers 海關(guān)文件 clothes brush衣刷 4) 數(shù)詞+名詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí),這個(gè)名詞一般保留單數(shù)形式?! ur country is famous for tea. 我國(guó)因茶葉而聞名?! ?) 表示由兩部分構(gòu)成的東西,如:glasses (眼鏡) trousers, clothes 若表達(dá)具體數(shù)目,要借助數(shù)量詞 pair(對(duì),雙)?! ∪纾?people police cattle 等本身就是復(fù)數(shù),不能說(shuō) a people,a police,a cattle,但可以說(shuō)a person,a policeman,a head of cattle,the English,the British,the French,the Chinese,the Japanese,the Swiss 等名詞,表示國(guó)民總稱(chēng)時(shí),作復(fù)數(shù)用。個(gè)體名詞和集體名詞可以用數(shù)目來(lái)計(jì)算,稱(chēng)為可數(shù)名詞(Countable Nouns),物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞一般無(wú)法用數(shù)目計(jì)算,稱(chēng)為不可數(shù)名詞(Uncountable Nouns)。目錄 5 5 5 6 7 7 8 8 9 9 9 10+名詞結(jié)構(gòu) 11 11 11 12 1賓格的替換 14 15 15 16 16 16 17 18 19 20 , no, all, both, neither, nor 21, few, some, any, one, ones 22 one,that 和it 23 23“the”的妙用 23;no one/none;every/each 24, either, neither, all, any, none 24, much 25 26 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 + 形容詞或副詞原級(jí) + as 30 + than 30 31,old 和 far 32 + 最高級(jí) + 比較范圍 32 33 33 34 35 36 36 37 38 38 3賓語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ) 397動(dòng)詞不定式 40 40 41 4239?!?4)抽象名詞(Abstract Nouns):表示動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)、品質(zhì)、感情等抽象概念,如:work?!?a meter, two meters 3)集體名詞,以單數(shù)形式出現(xiàn),但實(shí)為復(fù)數(shù)?! he Arabian Nights is a very interesting storybook. 一千零一夜是一本非常有趣的故事書(shū)?! his factory produces steel. (不可數(shù)) We need various steels. (可數(shù)) c. 當(dāng)物質(zhì)名詞表示份數(shù)時(shí),可數(shù)?! ?如:men workers women teachers gentlemen officials 3) 有些原有s結(jié)尾的名詞,作定語(yǔ)時(shí),s保留。s bag 男孩的書(shū)包,men39。s 理發(fā)店。s room(一間) 6) 復(fù)合名詞或短語(yǔ),39。 A Mr. Ling is waiting for you. 2) 代表一類(lèi)人或物。the fox 狐貍;或與形容詞或分詞連用,表示一類(lèi)人:the rich 富人。s Republic of China 中華人民共和國(guó) the United States 美國(guó) 9)用在表示樂(lè)器的名詞之前: She plays the piano. 她會(huì)彈鋼琴。 9)當(dāng)by 與火車(chē)等交通工具連用,表示一種方式時(shí),中間無(wú)冠詞;by bus,by train; 10)有些個(gè)體名詞不用冠詞;如: school,college,prison,market,hospital,bed,table,class,town,church,court 等個(gè)體名詞,直接置于介詞后,表示該名詞的深層含義; go to hospital 去醫(yī)院看病 go to the hospital 去醫(yī)院 (并不是去看病,而是有其他目的) 11)不用冠詞的序數(shù)詞; a. 序數(shù)詞前有物主代詞 b. 序數(shù)詞作副詞 He came first in the race. c. 在固定詞組中 at (the) first,first of all, from first to last+名詞結(jié)構(gòu)1) 兩個(gè)形容詞都有冠詞,表示兩個(gè)不同東西。如:quite a lot d. 在as,though 引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中,當(dāng)標(biāo)語(yǔ)為形容詞修飾的名詞時(shí),不定冠詞放形容詞后: Brave a man thou