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初中英語語法大全(存儲(chǔ)版)

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【正文】 every則指兩個(gè)以上的人或物中的一個(gè)。Each of them has two pens.(作主語)他們每人有兩支鋼筆。(沒有一部是好的)Either of the films is good.(作主語,謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù))兩部電影中有一部不錯(cuò)。She has much(work)to do.(作賓語)她有許多工作要去做。It took the villagers ten years to build that road.4做句子的形式賓語若帶名詞,再加of。Shall l ask him a third time?還要我再問他—次嗎?我已問了他兩次)(3)序數(shù)詞的縮寫形式為:阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字加上這個(gè)詞的末尾兩個(gè)字母。 (狀語)Our English teacher is from Australia. (表語)Help yourself to some fish.t listen to the lecture on Wednesday afternoon上周三下午我們沒去聽演講。 in May在五月(2)before,after1)before:在…之前Wash your hands before dinner.(before作介詞)吃飯前請(qǐng)洗手。clock直到7點(diǎn)(7點(diǎn)以前)We didn39。 for a few days幾天比較:for和 duringfor之后大多跟表示時(shí)間、天數(shù)等的數(shù)字名詞。2)since:自從……以來(表示從以前某時(shí)一直到現(xiàn)在仍在繼續(xù))I have been sick since yesterday.我從昨天就病了。in是以現(xiàn)在為基準(zhǔn),in an hour是指從現(xiàn)在起1小時(shí)之后,所以一般只用于將來時(shí)。 at home 在家at 2 Baker Street 在貝克街2號(hào)at a factory 在一家工廠I39。They said they would arrive here in a week.他們說他們一周后到達(dá)。比較:since和from since表示時(shí)間時(shí),一般只用于完成時(shí)的句子;而from也用于現(xiàn)在時(shí)、過去時(shí)及將來時(shí)態(tài)。We will stay in the city for two days.我們要在那里呆兩天。它們可以作連詞(見上例)而by不能作連詞。How many English books had you read by the end of last year?到去年年底以前你看過多少本英文書?2)until(till):直到……為止(時(shí)間)比較by和until by seven o39。(2)on:用于某天,某一天的上、下午(指具體的某一天時(shí),一律用on)注意 :泛指一般的上午(下午)時(shí)用in,但特指某日的上午(下午)時(shí)用on。介詞短語可在句中作定語,狀語,表語和賓語補(bǔ)足語。b. 主語+謂語+倍數(shù)(分?jǐn)?shù))+ the size (amount,length…) of…twentyfirst,two hundred and fortyfifth(1)序數(shù)詞作定語時(shí),一般要與定冠詞或物主代詞連用。 大約61%的表面被水覆蓋著。 watch CCTV News at seven o’clock every evening.(11)表示百分?jǐn)?shù)百分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)方式是:基數(shù)詞+ percent(單數(shù)形式)+of+名詞。順讀法(鐘點(diǎn)+分鐘)1,001→one thousand and one9,785→nine thousand, seven hundred and eightyfive18,423→eighteen thousand, four hundred and twentythree6,260,309→six million two hundred and sixty thousand three hundred and nine750,000,000,000→seven hundred and fifty, billion(美式) seven hundred and fifty thousand million(英式)2. 基數(shù)詞的用法(1)作主語  Of them e from Paris.(2)作賓語 How many books would you like?一I would like two.(3)作表語  minus two is five.(4)作定語 are three people in my family?(5)作同位語eg. You two will go swimming with us.(6)表具體數(shù)字時(shí),hundred, thousand ,million用單數(shù)。There is a pen on the desk. It’s mine2表示時(shí)間,天氣,距離等He has not got much time to go over his lessons.(作定語)他沒有多少時(shí)間復(fù)習(xí)功課了。在句中可作主語、賓語和定語。They each have two pens.(作同位語)他們每人有兩支鋼筆。必背!含有every的詞組every week每周 。They were both waiting outside the gate.他們兩個(gè)都在大門外等著。在句中可作主語、表語、賓語、同位語和定語。Either都 表示相互關(guān)系的代詞叫做相互代詞。t want to buy this skirt. Would you please show her another one? We got home by 4 o39。 She held a ruler in one hand and an exercisebook in the other.代名詞形容詞單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)不定another另一個(gè)others別人,其他人another (boy)另一個(gè)(男孩)other (boys)其他男孩特定the other另一個(gè)the others其余那些人、物the other (boy)另一個(gè)男孩the other (boys)其余那些男孩1)other可以作形容詞用,后面可以跟單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)名詞,意思是“其他的、別的”。s done.他干這些事,肯定有某種原因。Will you have some tea?你喝茶嗎?(表邀請(qǐng))Did somebody call me this morning?今天上午有人給我打電話吧?(表可能已約好)(4)在否定句中,some表示半否定,any表示全否定。You can ask me if you have any questions.(2)some,any與thing,body,one構(gòu)成的合成詞的用法與some,any一樣。(泛指)2 some,any的用法I have some money in my pocket,but it is not enough.Do you have any?我口袋里有一些錢,但不夠,你有錢嗎?(1)some,any可與單、復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞連用。I like small cars better than large ones.我喜歡小汽車,不喜歡大汽車。這些不定代詞大都可以代替名詞和形容詞,在句中作主語、賓語、表語和定語,但none和由some,any,no,every+thing,body,one構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代同(如somebody等)只能作主語、賓語或表語;every和no只能作定語。(3 )this 在電話用語中代表自己,that 則代表對(duì)方。EG:The weather of Kunming is better than that(=the weather)of Beijing.The radios made in Shanghai are as good as those(=the radios)made in Tianjin.上海生產(chǎn)的收音機(jī)和天津生產(chǎn)的一樣好。(1)作主語That is a good idea.(暗示她有許多表)注意:冠詞a(an,the)和this,that,some等詞后不能加所有格。Is that car yours?Yes,it39。Is that bike yours?Yes,it39。t see many foreigners here.這兒,人們見不到許多外國(guó)人。 明天會(huì)下雨。(2)作表語(用主格,口語中常用賓格)Who is there?It39。 我喜歡打乒乓球。It39。而wordhour是特指h所在的那個(gè)詞,后面一空用the。live B. lives C. are lives D. livingll learn.A. The, the D./ 答案: B. go for a walk為固定搭配,三餐前不加冠詞。 second twice.A. the 3 Don39。 B. the, the Kings are at以上口訣包括的意思有:①名詞在一般情況下不單用,常常要和冠詞連用;②表示不確指的可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)前要用不定冠詞a或an,確指時(shí)要用定冠詞the;③如復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示泛指,名詞前有this,these,my,some等時(shí)就不用冠詞。ll make you monitor.我們會(huì)讓你當(dāng)上班長(zhǎng)的?!?eg. Those young men are teachers, not students.(5)物質(zhì)名詞表示種類時(shí)不用冠詞。in the morning (afternoon ,evening )在上午(下午、晚上)on the right 在左邊by the way 順便說一下go to the cinema (theatre ,concert…)去看電影(看戲、聽音樂會(huì)……)in the front of 在前部in the front of 在中間at (in) the beginning 開始in the end 終于in the daytime 白天on the one hand , on the other hand 一方面……;另一方面注意:表示某一類人或事物時(shí),以下三種方法都可以。 北京站the People39。the Beijing Railway Station(6)用在世界上獨(dú)一無二的事物前(如太陽、月亮、世界、地球、天空、宇宙等)。Eg: That39。 took me half an hour to finish my homework.He left in such a hurry that he forgot to close the door.What a dangerous job it is!Many a man has gone to the big cities for work.③當(dāng)名詞前的形容詞前有so, how, too等詞時(shí),不定冠詞應(yīng)放在形容詞之后。 have a fever休息have a talkan用于元音(不是元音字母)開頭的詞前。當(dāng)這種概念名詞當(dāng)要用what來感嘆.)3) Which is the way to the __________?A. shoe factory B. shoes factory C. shoe’s factoryJohn s bike is better than Mike39。今天的報(bào)紙ten minutes39。s newspaperfruit水果——fruits表示不同種類的水果;food食物——foods各種食品;fish魚——fishes魚的種類;drink飲料、酒——a drink一杯/一份飲料、一杯酒;一杯茶a glass of watereg,much money,a little bread(3)常用a piece of,a cup of等來表示不可數(shù)名詞的量。   apple tree,five apple trees,a girl friend,two girl friends,a twin sister  但是,當(dāng)man和woman作定語修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞時(shí),就要用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。應(yīng)視為單數(shù)。There is much fish on the plate.  (8)另一些名詞本身即是復(fù)數(shù)形式,不可用作單數(shù)。scarf的復(fù)數(shù)為scarfs/scarves)  (6)有些名詞由單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí),不是在詞尾加s或es,而是變換其中的字母。an加在以元音開頭的名詞前,如an egg,an apple?!豢蓴?shù)名詞前不能加冠詞a或an來表示量。2)集體名詞(Collective Nouns):表示若干個(gè)個(gè)體組成的集合體,如:family。初中英語語法大全名詞一名詞的定義:表示人、事物或抽象概念的名稱的詞?!  ∶~的種類注意物質(zhì)名詞與抽象名詞一般無法用數(shù)目來計(jì)算,稱為不可數(shù)名詞。()(○)一張舊課桌a和an的使用區(qū)別a加在以輔音開頭的名詞前,如a book,a pen。/zeroes ?。?)以f或fe結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí),先把f或fe變?yōu)関,再加es.  ——wives,
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