【正文】 g adj. 令人興奮的 exciting adj. 令人興奮的；excited adj. 興奮的 ed: 自己感到 / ing:令人感到 The news exciting. exciting boy 令人興奮的男孩 I am excited. excite v. 激動(dòng) （這類動(dòng)詞的賓語一定是人，讓后面的人感到……） The news excited me. interesting adj. 令人感到有趣的；interested adj. 感到有意思的 interesting man The man is interesting. interest v. 對(duì)……感興趣 The book interests me. 那本書讓我感到很有趣 ★receive v. 接受, 收到 ① vt. 接到，收到，得到 When did you receive that letter? ② vt. 招待，接待 You need a large room if you are going to receive so many guests. receive 是“收到”，指的是一個(gè)被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作，主觀上接受與否不清楚。 This is John, one of my best friends. 這位是約翰。 I’ve planted fourteen rose bushes so far this morning. I have lived here for several years now and I’ve made many new friends since I have lived here. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)還可和表示頻度的副詞連用，表示反復(fù)和習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作，如 often（經(jīng)常），frequently（屢次），three times（三次）等。 The service in that hotel is quite good. You have done me a great service. service既可以指公用事業(yè)的業(yè)務(wù)，如：the mail service（郵政業(yè)務(wù)）、the telephone service（電話業(yè)務(wù)）；也可指辦這些業(yè)務(wù)的機(jī)構(gòu)，如：a travel service（旅行社）、a news service（通訊社）。m not hungry. The clock stopped. 陳述事實(shí) The clock has stopped. 過去的事實(shí)對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成影響 It snowed yesterday. It has snowed yesterday. 強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成影響 【Special Difficulties】 帶way的短語 in the way 按照，以……方式 Do your work in the way I have shown you. 按我給你示范的方法來做你的工作。vi. 碰撞 You always knock things off the table. 你總是碰掉桌上的東西。s hands 用手著地(hand單數(shù)就是一只手, 雙手復(fù)數(shù)) stand on one39。s. 一般姓名前一般不能加冠詞，表示“某某一類人當(dāng)中, 具有這種特征當(dāng)中的一個(gè)”，加不定冠詞 a a Mr. Zhang 張先生這類人 【Special Difficulties】 短語動(dòng)詞 某些動(dòng)詞的后面加上介詞或副詞以后就會(huì)改變?cè)~義, 這種新的組合稱作短語動(dòng)詞 put v. 放 put on 穿上，戴上 tak v. 拿走 take off 脫掉，摘掉 look v. 看 look at 看；look for 尋找；look after 照顧；look out 當(dāng)心；look out of 向外看 call call at；call on；call in；call back； call for 去取某物, 去接某人；需要 The problem calls for immediate action. 這個(gè)問題需要立即采取行動(dòng) knock v. 敲 knock at 敲門 knock off 下班 He knocked off earlier. knock off 打折 Knock 10% off the price. 把……撞倒，如果有地點(diǎn)，用介詞 off；無地點(diǎn)，用介詞over knock sth. off+地點(diǎn) knock the vase off the table I knocked the boy off the bicycle. knock over A car knocked the boy over. knock out 打暈, 在拳擊場(chǎng)合中, 把人打倒在地叫knock out(專用術(shù)語) He did not know how to fight, but he knocked the boxer out. ★L(fēng)esson 7 Too late ★detective n. 偵探 detective story 偵探小說 ★airport n. 機(jī)場(chǎng) ★airfield n. 飛機(jī)起落的場(chǎng)地 port 港口；airport 航空港 at the airport 在機(jī)場(chǎng) field 田野；airfield 停機(jī)坪 on the airfield 在停機(jī)坪上 ★expect v. 期待, 等待 ① vt.amp。 在姓名、地名、國名（非復(fù)合詞）以及月份、星期等前面不加任何冠詞。ll buy a present for him in return for hospitality. （hospitality adj. 熱情） in return 作為回報(bào) You lent me this interesting book last month. In return (for it), I’ll show you some picture books. In return for your help, I invite you to spend the weekend with my family. He doesn39。 ④ vt.amp。在表示剛剛或者已經(jīng)完成一個(gè)動(dòng)作并且對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響時(shí)，則要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，時(shí)間狀語可以是不特指的 now，just或者for 引導(dǎo)的一段時(shí)間，或者不加任何時(shí)間狀語。 She sent a request for help to Gary. 她向加里請(qǐng)求幫助。m finding... . . We’re finding... ... 下面表示狀態(tài)、感覺、情緒、精神活動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞不可用于進(jìn)行時(shí)：believe，doubt，see，hear，know，understand，belong，think，consider，feel，look，seem，show，mind，have，sound，taste，require，possess，care，like，hate，love，detest，desire 【Key structures】 現(xiàn)在完成 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示動(dòng)作現(xiàn)存的結(jié)果，或者過去發(fā)生的事對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響。同位語與它所補(bǔ)充說明的成分之間用逗號(hào)隔開。間接賓語大多數(shù)情況下置于直接賓語之前，如果間接賓語在后，間接賓主前必須加“to”（表示動(dòng)作對(duì)什么人做）或“for”（表示動(dòng)作為什么人而做）。 The museum is open to the public on Sunday. ★friendly adj. 友好的 咯friendly是形容詞，單獨(dú)使用時(shí)一般做定語；作為狀語表示這個(gè)人做什么事情很友好, 用短語in a friendly way He is not very friendly to John. She gave me a friendly greeting. He always greets me in a friendly way. 以ly結(jié)尾的形容詞還有l(wèi)ovely，brotherly，fatherly，manly，motherly ★waiter n. 服務(wù)員, 招待員 waiter(男服務(wù)員), waitress(女服務(wù)員), 只出現(xiàn)在餐館里 chief waiter 領(lǐng)班 I want to see the chief waiter. 我要見你們的領(lǐng)班。這里/t/和/k/前者失去爆破音 name card /visiting card 名片 Here is my name card. (口語常用, 同時(shí)伴隨著遞出的動(dòng)作) ID card 身份證 （ID 身份） credit card 信用卡 cash card 現(xiàn)金卡, 儲(chǔ)蓄卡, 工資卡(不能透支的那種) ★spoil(spoiled，spoilt) v. 使索然無味, 損壞 ① vt. 弄壞，損壞，糟蹋 The sad news spoiled our weekend. 這不幸的消息使我們沒能過好周末。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般與頻率副 詞often，always，sometimes，never，frequently，rarely，ever等連用。 介詞on一般用于表示某一天的時(shí)間短語中：on Monday，on Monday morning，on that day 當(dāng)使用last，next，this，that 時(shí)，介詞（以及定冠詞）必須省略： I’ll see you next/this Friday. never 從來不 (可以直接用在動(dòng)詞前面)=助動(dòng)詞+not (變成否定句,前面一定要加助動(dòng)詞) I don39。t die until he came back. 直到他回來,他爸爸才死. until（后的從句）的時(shí)間終止之前,這個(gè)動(dòng)作做了還是沒做？做了前面的主句用肯定；沒做前面的主句用否定 For he ___A(C)___(wait) until it stopped raining. A. waited B. didn39。s my business. 不關(guān)你的事。t catch your words. Beg your pardon? /I couldn39。 I did not enjoy it. enjoy vt. 欣賞，享受，喜愛 ① enjoy +n. 喜歡,從當(dāng)中得到一種享受（后面不能跟人） I enjoy the music. enjoy the dinner/film/program/game ② enjoy oneself/代詞 玩的開心 We always enjoy ourselves. ③ enjoy +動(dòng)名詞 Jane doesn’t enjoy swimming. She enjoys going to the theatre. I got very angry. get 在這里有“逐漸變得”的含義，接近 bee，是個(gè)表示過程的動(dòng)詞，表示狀態(tài)的變化。vi. 給予（注意等）；去（訪問） They did not pay any attention. We paid a visit to our teacher last Sunday. 上星期天我們?nèi)グ菰L了老師。我看著受不了。s my private letter. （如果媽媽想看你的信） It39。s my business. (指私人的事, 自己處理的事) It39。 go to the +地點(diǎn) 表示去某地干嘛 go to the theatre = go to the theatre to see a play去劇場(chǎng)看戲 go to the cinema =see a film 去電影院看電影 go to the dairy 去牛奶店 go to the + 人 + 39。 I could not hear the actors. I turned round. hear+人:聽見某人的話 I could not hear you. Beg your pardon? I couldn39。t hear a word. 美音:肯定I can 否定,I can39。 She kept none of his letters. 他的信件她一封也沒有保留。clock. I didn39。ve just arrived by train, by 直接加交通工具(不能有任何修飾詞, 復(fù)數(shù))；如果加修飾詞, 就要換掉by用in或on I go out by bus. I go out in/on two buses. （指具體的兩輛車介詞用 in/on） Long ago people could go to America only by ship/sea. 如果是特指的交通工具，則要加冠詞或其他限定詞： My aunt left by the 9:15 train. by air 乘飛機(jī) by bicycle/bike 騎自行車 by boat 乘船 by bus 乘公共汽車 by car 乘小汽車 by land 由陸路 by plane 乘飛機(jī) by sea 由海路 by ship 乘船 by train 乘火車 I39。表示肯定的速記可以用在句尾；在特別強(qiáng)調(diào)和需要對(duì)比時(shí)，frequent