【正文】 our village.我們村里有三口水井。使用完全倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。Young as he is, he knows a lot .雖然他年輕，卻知道很多東西。副詞only放在句首時(shí)Only then did he realize his mistakes .只有在那時(shí)，他才認(rèn)識(shí)到自己的錯(cuò)誤。Should you fail, take more pain and try again.萬一你失敗了，就要更加刻苦，重新再干。副詞so在句首He is interested in popsongs, and so am I .他對(duì)流行歌曲感興趣，我也如此。如果后面的句子只是單純重復(fù)前句的意思，不表示也適用于另一人或事，則不用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。It was cold yesterday. So it was .昨天天氣冷。表示祝愿的句子中May you succeed! 祝你成功。虛擬語氣條件從句中Were they here, they would help us .他們要是在這兒，他們會(huì)幫助我們的。常用否定詞有： never,not,hardly,scarcely seldom, little, not until, not only…but also, no sooner …than, hardly (scarcely)…when等。意為也不…。Look, there he es! 看，他來了。只把系動(dòng)詞，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，助動(dòng)詞或表語放在主語之前。一、 全倒裝: 主語與謂語交換位置不需任何助動(dòng)詞, 叫全倒裝。三、虛擬語氣在一些特殊詞中的使用或含蓄條件句：wish后的賓語從句：與現(xiàn)在愿望不一致 主語＋過去時(shí)；I wish I were you.與過去愿望不一致 主語＋had＋過去分詞；I wish I had visited the white House when I was in the states.與未來愿望不一致 主語＋would（could）＋原形。四、虛 擬 語 氣虛擬語氣分三種情況來掌握：虛擬條件句。 4C 見講解15。如：Each of the students / Each student has an English dictionary. 3B 此句中的主語是one answer，所以謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與它保持一致。 2A 見講解5。 2B works在此句中是指工廠，所以是單數(shù)。見講解15。 B some person指“某人”是第三人稱單數(shù)。 B 同上 B 見講解2。如：1）Either you or I am going to the movies.2）Not only you but also he is wrong.1不可數(shù)名詞沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。如：1）All of the apple is rotten. 整個(gè)蘋果都爛了。如：1）Three years is not a long time.2）Ten dollars is what he ）Five hundred miles is a long distance.1復(fù)數(shù)形式的專有名詞作為整體看待（如人名、地點(diǎn)、國家、組織、書籍、報(bào)刊等），動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。如：1）Every boy and girl has been invited to the 。如以here,there開頭，be 動(dòng)詞與后面第一個(gè)名詞一致。 B 此句中Peter作動(dòng)名詞sailing的所有格，本應(yīng)用Peter’s，但因其在動(dòng)詞后作賓語，所以可用賓格，因此B為正確答案。 harms C．waters。 sound C．sound。 leafs C．roof。如：the tailor’s (裁縫鋪) the doctor’s (診所) Mr. Brown’s (布朗先生的家)5）有些表時(shí)間、距離、國家、城鎮(zhèn)的無生命的名詞，也可加“’s”表所有格。如：sister(s)inlaw嫂子，弟妹；stepson (s)繼子；editor (s) inchief總編輯。部分物質(zhì)名詞在表不同類別時(shí)，可用復(fù)數(shù)形式。第二空， public places,公共場所，泛指。1C 第一空at dinner正在吃飯，固定短語。A go to school是固定短語。 some D．a(chǎn)n。 D．。 D．the。 the D．A。 the。 C．。 B．the。 the。 B．the。如：at noon, at night, at first, at last, at most, at least, by bus(train, air, sea), in bed, in time, in front of, go to school, go to bed, go to college, on foot, at table, in ink, in pencil等。如：The driver always sits in the front of the bus(car).三、零冠詞（即不用冠詞）：專用名詞和不可數(shù)名詞前。用在江河湖海、山脈前。如：Beijing is the capital of China.The pen on the desk is mine.指談話雙方都知道的人或事物。如：I have a mouth, a nose and two eyes.用于某些固定詞組中。a (an) 是不定冠詞，a用在輔音之前：如a book, a man。一、不定冠詞的用法指人或事物的某一種類（泛指）。如：This little girl is a joy to her parents. 這女孩對(duì)她父母來說是一個(gè)樂趣。如：the earth, the moon, the sun.用在序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級(jí)前。表示某一家人要加定冠詞。如：Go down this street.復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示一類人或事物時(shí)。如：We learn Chinese, maths, English and some other subjects. 【專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練】： We can’t live without air. A．a(chǎn)n B． C．the D．some——Have you seen pen? I left it here this morning. ——Is it black one? I think I saw it somewhere. A．a(chǎn)。 aWhat fine weather we have today! A．a(chǎn) B． C．some D．a(chǎn)nHave you ever seen as tall as this one? A．a(chǎn) tree B．such tree C．a(chǎn)n tree D．treeChildren usually go to school at age of six. A．。 the C．A。 the。 an。 an C．the。 C．。 the C．。 C．the。根據(jù)句意，第一空是泛指，第一次出現(xiàn)；第二空仍是泛指，且表數(shù)量“－”。C 第一空，科目前不加冠詞；第二空特指，有定語。1C 此題是91年高考題：發(fā)明應(yīng)是特指。二、名詞Nouns知識(shí)要點(diǎn)：一、名詞的種類：專有名詞：1）China, Japan, Beijing, London, Tom, Jack（不加冠詞）2）the Great Wall, the Yellow River, the People’s Republic of China, the United States等。如：a glass of milk, a cup of tea, two pieces of paper….2）可數(shù)名詞：?可數(shù)名詞除用復(fù)數(shù)形式表一類之外，一般都要加冠詞：A bird can fly.The frog is a kind of hibernating animal. Vegetables sold at this shop are usually fresh.?有復(fù)數(shù)形式：a）規(guī)則變化——加“s”或“es”（與初中同，略）b）不規(guī)則變化——child (children), foot (feet), tooth (teeth), man (men), woman (women), mouse (mice), goose (geese), Englishman (Englishmen),phenomenon (phenomena)…注意：c）單、復(fù)數(shù)同形：sheep, deer, Chinese, Japanese, fish（同一種魚）……。如：a man servant—men servants, a woman doctor—women doctors二、名詞的所有格：表有生命的東西（人或動(dòng)物）的名詞所有格，一般在名詞后加“’s”。如：the story of Dr Norman BethuneDo you know the name of the boy standing at the gate?“of詞組+所有格”的用法：在表示所屬物的名詞前有冠詞、數(shù)詞、不定代詞或指示代詞（如：a, two, some, a few, this, that, these, those等）時(shí)，常用“of詞組+所有格”的形式來表示所有關(guān)系。 bread B．teas。 fear B．hopes。 C A roof, chief, gulf, belief等詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，直接加“s”。多數(shù)情況下，根據(jù)句子的主語形式就能判定，但有的則要看整句的意思，及強(qiáng)調(diào)的內(nèi)容。如：1）Jane, Mary and I are good friends.2）He and my father work in the same factory.3）His sister, no less than you, is wrong.4）The father, rather than the brothers, is responsible for the accident.5）He, like you and Xiao Liu is very diligent.6）Every picture except these two has been sold.7）Alice with her parents often goes to the park on Sundays.8）Alice as well as her friends was invited to the concert.9）Nobody but Mary and I was in the classroom at that time.并列主語如果指的是同一個(gè)人、同一事物或同一概念時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，and后面的名詞沒有冠詞。each, either, one, another, the other, neither作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。如：1）My family is going to have a long 。1the + 形容詞（或分詞）作主語時(shí)，常指一類人，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。1population當(dāng)人口講時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；當(dāng)人們講時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。見講解9，19。見講解13。 1A 見講解1，動(dòng)名詞作主語。 2B 見講解17。 3B 見講解12。 3A 見講解2。 4C 同上。一、虛擬條件句：條件狀語從句是非真實(shí)情況，在這種情況下要用虛擬語氣。would rather, as if（though）引導(dǎo)的句子也需使用虛擬，表示過去的情況用過去完成時(shí)，表示現(xiàn)在與將來的情況用過去時(shí)，如：I’d rather you posted the letter right away.I’d rather you had returned the book yesterday.She loves the children as if they were hers.Alan talked about Rome as if he had been there.without, but, but for, otherwise引起的短語或句子常暗含著含蓄條件。方位狀語在句首, 如:In front of the house stopped a police car.Nearby were two canoes in which they had e to the island.Under the tree sat a boy.3 、直接引語在句首, 這種情況可倒裝也可不倒裝What does it mean? asked the boy或the boy asked.二、半倒裝: 主語與謂語的助動(dòng)詞交換位置稱半倒裝, 有以下數(shù)種情況:1. 否定意義的詞在句首, 句子半倒裝, 例如: little, never, not, no, hardly, rarely, seldomNever shall I forget you.At no time was the man aware of what was happening.Little did I understand what he said