【正文】 alized clothing. The old pattern, in which social rules demandedthe changing from morning dress to afternoon dress to evening dress as a matter of regularroutine, has now virtually vanished.The modern trend in dressing behavior is usually referred to as one of increased informality.But this is misleading. In reality, there is no loss of formality, merely the exchange of oldformalities for new. The wearing of a pair of jeans by a young male today is as much of aformality as was the wearing of a top hat by his equivalent in the previous epic. He may feel thathe is free to wear anything he pleases, and is rid at last of the suffocating rules of costumeetiquette that once dominated social life. But what he wears is as much a uniform today as thecostumes of his predecessors were in earlier times.The written rules of yesterday may have been scrapped, but they have rapidly been replacedby the unwritten rules of today. There are many interwoven trends that can be observed in theplex world of clothing signals. Some are long term, lasting for whole decades, while othersare short term, surviving only for a season or two. Not all are easy to explain. One of the mostmysterious is the relationship between female skirt length and economic conditions. During thepresent century, ever since the First World War, there has been a rather precise correlationbetween the length of female skirts and periods of boom and depression. On the surface, onewould expect long skirts, employing greater quantities of material, to be related to the boomperiods, and the skimpier, shorter skirts to be made when money also was short,. But, an analysisof the facts reveals that the exact opposite is the case. As the stock market rises, so too do theskirts. And when it falls, they descend with it. Attempts to change this relationship have met withdisaster. For example, in Britain back in the boom period of the 1960s, the fashion houses trieddesperately to increase the amount of cloth used in skirt making, by the introduction of the Midi,a skirt almost twice as long as the Mini Skirt then in favor. The Midi skirt project was anexpensive failure, and skirts went soaring on upwards. Only with the recession of the 1970s didthe longer skirt edge its way back into fashion.Exactly why female should want to expose more of their legs when the economy is healthier,it’s hard to understand. Perhaps the general atmosphere of financial activity makes them feelmore physically active, a condition favored by shorter, less hampering skirt length. Hopefully,185future fluctuation will give us a clear explanation. More shortterm variations are at work in ahundred different ways, as fashion trends diffuse themselves rapidly around the globe. Many ofthese are no more than novelty changes, based on the need to signal uptodateness by thewearers. Displaying the latest mode indicates not only the social awareness of the individual, butalso the ability to pay for a new clothes at regular intervals, and therefore, has its own specialstatus of value. Each new minor trend of this type modifies or reverses the fashion of theprevious season, and can often be measured with precision. The width of male lapels, forexample, has been growing during the last few years, as has trouser bottom width, tie width, shirtcollar height, and shoe heel height. By measuring these changes, and hundreds of others likethem, it should be possible to plot graphs of shifting clothing signals, and demonstrate the waysin which first one element, and then another is modified to produce a constantly varying costumedisplay system. Unconsciously, we all plot such graphs, all the time. And without knowing quitehow we do it, we read off the many signals that our panions’ clothes transmit to us inevery social encounter. In this way, clothing is as much a part of human body language asgestures, facial expressions, and postures.【答案】1. roles 11. depression2. scale 12. stock3. vagrants 13. fluctuation4. daily 14. shortterm5. majority 15. modifies6. informal 16. reverse7. loss 17. panion8. exchange 18. body9. economic 19. gestures10. correlation 20. posturesPart B: Listening and TranslationI. Sentence Translation(1) Today, no shop owner in America can legally refuse to accept a cus。要不是海地人民高昂的士氣和頑強(qiáng)的抵抗使拿破侖頭痛不已，他是不會賣掉自己手中的這塊領(lǐng)地的。因為中文習(xí)慣于采用意合法來表達(dá)此類邏輯關(guān)系。如果一個句子中有兩個部分，一部分被肯定，另一部分就被否定；反之亦然，這樣的句子就稱為排除否定句。本篇原文兩段，第一段指出路易斯安那交易使美國人獲益非淺；第二段述說了海地人民所遭受的巨大痛苦。20. 答案是C）。答案出處為第四段。17. 答案為A）。第四段介紹了星期天作為休息日的一個插曲。因為advergame 僅僅是原文中一段內(nèi)容而已。14. 答案為D）。選項D）錯誤地把customers 作為文章探討的主題對象。選項D）把文章的中心擴(kuò)大化了，因為文章只不過是介紹了一種，而不是多種公眾媒體形式和手段?！窘馕觥?1. 答案為B）。選項A）、C）、D）均為貶義，而Yuri Verlinksky 是類似研究的參與者。確定題干關(guān)鍵詞為Barry Ruichmond。選項A）僅僅是簡單的語意重述。結(jié)論推斷題。【難點】1. last：本詞與主題緊密相關(guān)。181既然說話者是手機(jī)緊急救助相關(guān)負(fù)責(zé)人，他當(dāng)然支持公園中可以使用手機(jī)。結(jié)論推斷題。選項D）具有很大的迷惑性，它的錯誤在于過度概括。第一、二段通過一個具體的例子，說明目前公園中建設(shè)手機(jī)信號中轉(zhuǎn)站，使用手機(jī)的情況。19. What’s the most dramatic difference between entrepreneurs and intrapreneurs?答案為D）。注意不要受第一句話干擾選擇B）。原文為Most pop singers suffer from three things: lack of training, overuse andabuse of the voice, especially when they are young。13. Which of the following statements is true according to the interview?答案為B）。本文中的專家則認(rèn)為，要保護(hù)好自己的嗓音，歌手在演出前需要warm up，在演出后需要warm down?？键c出現(xiàn)在新聞第一句。然而加強(qiáng)保護(hù)瀕危動物畢竟不是協(xié)議的內(nèi)容。此題涉及巴以沖突，為高級口譯新聞部分?？純?nèi)容。4. What would people in Algeria tend to do for mental illnesses?答案為B）。文章在第一句話就開宗明義，點明題旨，talking about illnesses。【解析】1. What are the man and the woman mainly talking about?答案為C）。但作者使用了插入語，如that’s wherewe record, I think, I’m not an expert in the matter，需留心插入語前后意思的連貫。Questions 6 to 10【原文】JerusalemUS Secretary of State Collin Powell yesterday called for an end to violence, and asked Israel andPalestinians to facilitate Palestinian elections as he sought to revive a long dormant USpeacemaking role. Powell, on his first visit to Israel and West Bank in 18 months, met IsraeliPrime Minis