畢業(yè)論文-我國(guó)小企業(yè)發(fā)展過(guò)程中的法律環(huán)境研究(存儲(chǔ)版)
【正文】 家在生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中存在行為不規(guī)范，生產(chǎn)假冒偽劣商品，偷稅漏稅、違規(guī)招工、拖欠員工工資 、不買或少買職工相關(guān)勞動(dòng)保險(xiǎn)等違規(guī)、違法行為。 法律環(huán)境對(duì)小企業(yè)發(fā)展的影響 《中小企業(yè)促進(jìn)法》 的出臺(tái)旨在 保 護(hù)小企業(yè)的合法權(quán)益，積極扶持小企業(yè)創(chuàng)業(yè)和發(fā)展，大力推進(jìn)小企業(yè)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新 ，有效 改善 了 小企業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)環(huán)境，促進(jìn) 了 小企業(yè)的創(chuàng)業(yè)和發(fā)展，充分發(fā)揮 了 小企業(yè)在解決就業(yè)與國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展中的重要作用 。全面貫徹落 實(shí)《中小企業(yè)促進(jìn)法》和《關(guān)于鼓勵(lì)支持和引導(dǎo)個(gè)體私營(yíng)等非公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的若干意見》，研究制定相關(guān)配套文件，使法律 11 政策更具操作性。 [9]應(yīng)加快制定規(guī)范中小企業(yè)融資方面的小企業(yè)信貸法、小企業(yè)信用擔(dān)保法；指導(dǎo)小企業(yè)發(fā)展的中小企業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)指導(dǎo)目錄、 小企業(yè)政府采購(gòu)法；完善維護(hù)市場(chǎng)公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的反壟斷法等，明確發(fā)展小企業(yè)的基本方法，保護(hù)小企業(yè)的各項(xiàng)權(quán)益?？煽紤]在人大和政協(xié)設(shè)立小企業(yè)委員會(huì)，成為維護(hù)小企業(yè)權(quán)益的重要機(jī)構(gòu)；提高小企業(yè)在商業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)的地位，使小企業(yè)能通過(guò)這些協(xié)會(huì)與國(guó)家進(jìn)行政策對(duì)話。在農(nóng)民工比較集中的地區(qū)，政府還要支持建立農(nóng)民工組織，建立農(nóng)民工組織與小企業(yè)（雇主）組織、政府之間正常的協(xié) 12 調(diào)機(jī)制 （ 6）建立統(tǒng)一 、規(guī)范、系統(tǒng)、可操作的小企業(yè)稅收政策法律體系，保障小企業(yè)的稅收權(quán)益。在國(guó)際上 ,一些經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家甚至認(rèn)為 ,21 世紀(jì)是小企業(yè)的世紀(jì) ,企業(yè)小型化是一個(gè)世界潮流。由于經(jīng)驗(yàn)匱乏，能力有限，設(shè)計(jì)中難免有許多考慮不周全的地方，希望各位老師多加指教。 [8]王廷科 :促進(jìn)中小企業(yè)發(fā)展的政策法律環(huán)境 [M]， 經(jīng)濟(jì)出版社 ， 2022 年 6 月 。 Festival. In this day, girls will throw a sewing needle into a bowl full of water on the night of Qixi as a test of embroidery skills. If the needle floats on top of the water instead of sinking, it proves the girl is a skilled embroiders. Single women also pray for finding a good husband in the future. And the newly married women pray to bee pregnant quickly. Tradition transformed The love story of Niulang and Zhinu, and the Qixi Festival have been handed down for generations. Yet these ancient traditions and customs are slowly dying out. Many modern Chinese, particularly youngsters, seem to know more about St Valentine39。s time for the wild fruits to ripe. The picturesque Arxan in Autumn is indeed a fairyland only exists in a dream that satisfies all your fantasies. If it rains heavily on Saturday night, some elderly Chinese will say it is because Zhinu, or the Weaving Maid, is crying on the day she met her husband Niulang, or the Cowherd, on the Milky Way. Most Chinese remember being told this romantic tragedy when they were children on Qixi, or the Seventh Night Festival, which falls on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month, which is usually in early August. This year it falls on Saturday, August 2. Folklore Story As the story goes, once there was a cowherd, Niulang, who lived with his elder brother and sisterinlaw. But she disliked and abused him, and the boy was forced to leave home with only an old cow for pany. The cow, however, was a former god who had violated imperial rules and was sent to earth in bovine form. One day the cow led Niulang to a lake where fairies took a bath on earth. Among them was Zhinu, the most beautiful fairy and a skilled seamstress. The two fell in love at first sight and were soon married. They had a son and daughter and their happy life was held up as an example for hundreds of years in China. Yet in the eyes of the Jade Emperor, the Supreme Deity in Taoism, marriage between a mortal and fairy was strictly forbidden. He ordered the heaven troop to catch Zhinu back. Niulang grew desperate when he discovered Zhinu had been taken back to heaven. Driven by Niulang39。 [6]王喆 ：中小企業(yè)發(fā)展呼喚良好的法律環(huán)境 [D]，人民政協(xié)報(bào)， 2022 年 5 月 19 日。再次真誠(chéng)感謝所有幫助過(guò)我的老師同學(xué)。立足于小企業(yè)群體數(shù)量眾、稅額相對(duì)較小的現(xiàn)實(shí)，建立多樣化的小企業(yè)納稅方式。 小企業(yè)要誠(chéng)實(shí)守信，遵紀(jì)守法，保障職工的合法權(quán)益；要依法經(jīng)營(yíng)，照章納稅。 在制定涉及非公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)主體重大利益關(guān)系的政府規(guī)章、經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易政策措施和作為行政管理依據(jù)的規(guī)范性文件前，應(yīng)當(dāng)充分征求、聽取他們的意見，必要時(shí)應(yīng)當(dāng)公開舉行聽證會(huì)。 （ 3）完善小企業(yè)發(fā)展的金融、財(cái)政稅收、技術(shù)、社會(huì)服務(wù)方面的基本法律。 5. 完善我國(guó)小企業(yè)發(fā)展的法律環(huán)境的思路與對(duì)策 為小企業(yè)的發(fā)展提供法律支持是非常迫切的，這需要政府加快清理和修訂限制小企業(yè)發(fā)展的法律法規(guī)，要盡快完善小企業(yè)立法、司法和執(zhí)法體系，特別是健全保障和規(guī)范小企業(yè)正常發(fā)展的法律、法規(guī)體系，以營(yíng)造公正透明的法治環(huán)境，本人認(rèn)為應(yīng)從以下九個(gè)方面著手： 1）完善小企業(yè)基本法。稅收法規(guī)、政策 10 的宣傳、咨詢服務(wù)，以及稅收管理的力度 ，都偏重于大型企業(yè)、國(guó)有企業(yè)，忽視甚至歧視小型企業(yè)、民營(yíng)企業(yè)，使小企業(yè)得不到平等的稅收服務(wù)待遇。民間金融制度缺失，基于商業(yè)契約和信用基礎(chǔ)的社會(huì)融資活動(dòng)未受到法律的保護(hù)也是造成小企業(yè) 融資難的重要原因。 （ 3） 是政府執(zhí)法水平不高，政府服務(wù)不夠，產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)不到位， 申請(qǐng)開辦企業(yè)的程序繁瑣， 嚴(yán)重影響了小企業(yè)的經(jīng)營(yíng)環(huán)境。 [6] （ 1） 是小企業(yè)發(fā)展的法律體系還不完備。降低公司設(shè)立門檻，建設(shè)創(chuàng) 8 業(yè)基地，對(duì)新建小企業(yè)實(shí)行稅收優(yōu)惠政策，開展創(chuàng)業(yè)輔導(dǎo)和代理服務(wù)。 ② 金融支持。 2022 年 2 月份，國(guó)務(wù)院出臺(tái)了《關(guān)于鼓勵(lì)支持和引導(dǎo)個(gè)體私營(yíng) 等非公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的若干意見》。我國(guó)小企業(yè)主要從事的行業(yè)集中在以下五類： ① 從傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)分化獨(dú)立出來(lái)的小手工業(yè)，小飲食業(yè)，小運(yùn)輸業(yè)以及小型采礦
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