【正文】 ges on the minimum turning radius in circular arc transitionGenerate a new path graphics, simulation of car movement process。Car movement model is established to calculate the data required for car driving。 (2) electric vehicles can store and display the number of detected metal and sheet metal to the starting line in the distance。 信息采集模塊：信息采集部分是由光電檢測和運(yùn)算放大模塊組成，光電檢測有尋跡檢測和測速檢測兩個(gè)部分。智能小車具有機(jī)器人的基本特征——易于編程。經(jīng)過元件的比較選擇，設(shè)計(jì)出電路原理圖和電路板，并做好硬件的調(diào)試，系統(tǒng)往往是軟件和硬件兩者相結(jié)合的有機(jī)整體。首先我們根據(jù)交通路面的復(fù)雜情況，按照適當(dāng)?shù)谋壤谱鞒鲆粋€(gè)路況模型，包括彎道、直道以及路面上設(shè)置的障礙物等。將檢測數(shù)據(jù)傳回單片機(jī)進(jìn)行處理，同時(shí)，用單片機(jī)產(chǎn)生PWM波來控制小車的行進(jìn)速度，并實(shí)時(shí)控制小車的行進(jìn)狀態(tài)。此外步進(jìn)電機(jī)的運(yùn)作還要一個(gè)驅(qū)動電路，故電路中還要加入一個(gè)驅(qū)動電路，各個(gè)功能模塊對電源電流的要求不同，對電源部分設(shè)置轉(zhuǎn)換電路，從而滿足各個(gè)部分的需要。電子設(shè)計(jì)技術(shù)，它是一個(gè)國家高科技實(shí)例的一個(gè)重要標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，可見其研究意義很大 本次設(shè)計(jì)雖然只是一個(gè)演示模型，但是具有充分的科學(xué)性和實(shí)用性。運(yùn)用反射式紅外傳感器來進(jìn)行路徑檢測和速度監(jiān)測模塊。它在軍事、民用和科學(xué)研究等方面已獲得了應(yīng)用，對解決道路交通安全提供了一種新的途徑 隨著汽車工業(yè)的迅速發(fā)展，關(guān)于汽車的研究也就越來越受人關(guān)注。小到玩具、信用卡，大到航天飛機(jī)、機(jī)器人，從實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)采集、遠(yuǎn)程控制、模糊控制等智能系統(tǒng)帶人類的日常生活，到處離不開單片機(jī)，此設(shè)計(jì)正是單片機(jī)的一個(gè)典型的應(yīng)用。 電子智能小車的設(shè)計(jì)要求①電動車能夠能夠按照行使路線跑完全程； ②電動車能存儲并顯示檢測到的金屬片數(shù)目以及金屬片至起跑線的距離； ③要求電動車行使完全程后能夠準(zhǔn)確的顯示電動車全程行使時(shí)間； ④電動車在行使過程中不能與障礙物碰撞。全國電子大賽和省內(nèi)電子大賽幾乎每次都有智能小車這方面的題目，全國各高校也都很重視該題目的研究，許多國家已經(jīng)把電子設(shè)計(jì)比賽作為創(chuàng)新教育的戰(zhàn)略性手段。此設(shè)計(jì)通過實(shí)現(xiàn)了小車的無人駕駛，通過對路面的檢測，由單片機(jī)來判斷控制其小車的反應(yīng)情況，使其變得智能化，實(shí)現(xiàn)自動的前進(jìn)，轉(zhuǎn)彎，停止功能，此系統(tǒng)還不斷的完善后可以應(yīng)用到道路檢測，安全巡邏中，能滿足社會的需求。 采用89c51單片機(jī)作為小車的控制單元，在小車的前端就八路從外傳感器，作為小車進(jìn)入車庫過程中黑帶的檢測元件，在小車的后端在接上八路紅外線傳感器作為小車退出車庫時(shí)的黑帶檢測元件，采用LJ18A38Z/BX電感式接近開關(guān)作為車庫內(nèi)鐵片的檢測元件，單片機(jī)接受到傳感器檢測到的信號后通過相應(yīng)的程序控制小車的前進(jìn)，后退，轉(zhuǎn)彎，從而使小車的性能指標(biāo)滿足本次設(shè)計(jì)的要求。如果任意給定 小車一條無障路徑，通過該系統(tǒng)，小車就可以得到系統(tǒng)對路徑圖形處理后的數(shù)據(jù)(位 移與轉(zhuǎn)角)，并能根據(jù)位移和轉(zhuǎn)角信息按照預(yù)定路徑行進(jìn) 控制系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)分析根據(jù)上述設(shè)計(jì)思路，可將智能小車控制系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)分為兩層 規(guī)劃層上位機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)，規(guī)劃層提供的是小車行駛的全局信息，包括路徑處理模塊和 通信模塊。蜂鳴器主要是根據(jù)要求在特定的位置作出出響應(yīng)來報(bào)告位置。s performance indicators meet the requirements of the design. design ideasIntelligent car is a branch of intelligent vehicle research. It with wheels as mobile mechanism, to realize autonomous driving, so we call it the smart car. Smart car has the basic features of robot, easy to programming. It with remote control car the difference is that the latter requires the operator to control the steering, rev. Stop, and in a more advanced car remote control can control the speed (mon model of the car belongs to this type of remote control car)。Calculate the displacement and driving car need wheel Angle, and then sends the data to the machineUnder the machine after receiving data, through software programming to control the car wheel rotation speed and Angle, so that it is in accordance with the scheduled path forwardA plete control system requirements of the system is closely linked to each function module, according to the order process and the relationship between them, the total design scheme of the system is available. design of basically has the following several modulesInformation collection modules: information collection part is posed of photoelectric detection and operation amplifier module, photoelectric detection were tracing test and speed test of two parts. Will detect the signal after budget amplifier lm324 amplification module plastic for SCM processing, its core part is several photoelectric sensor.Control processing module, processing module is a stc89c52 MCU as the core, the microcontroller will be collected from the information after the judgement, in accordance with the predetermined algorithm processing, the processing results to the motor driver and liquid crystal display module, makes the corresponding action.Perform modules: module consists of liquid crystal display (LCD), motor drive and motor, buzzer of three parts. Are handled will microcontroller LCD realtime display of the result, convenient for users to understand the current state of the system in time, motor driver based on single chip microputer instruction for the two motor movements, can according to need to make the corresponding action such as acceleration, deceleration, turning and parking, in order to achieve the desired purpose. Buzzer is mainly according to the requirements in a specific location to