輸血醫(yī)學介紹(存儲版)
【正文】 bodies. P blood group system PolyagglutinationT activation (T antigen) ? Red cells agglutinate when exposed to normal sera ? In normal status: sialic acid and other residue will cover antigenic structure within red cell membrane (cryptantigens) ? Polyagglutination: in disease status, . bacterial infections, partial desialation of the red cell membrane due to the microbial neuraminase activity. Polyagglutinationdetection by plant lectins Arachis hypogaes Glycine soja Salvia Sclarea Salvia horminum Griffonia simpliafolbia Vicia cretica T + + Tn + + + Tk + + Th + + Tx + Cad + + (花生水 ) 血小板抗原抗體系統(tǒng) 血小板表面之抗原可以分成以下 兩類 ? 第一類： 組織型抗原 ：與其他組織均有之抗原，例如HLA, ABO抗原。 *一個血液體積血漿交換移除效率 6070% 疾病 治療方式 C h r o n ic inf lam m a t o r y d e m y e li n a t ion g p o ly n e u r o p a t h y ( C I D P ) * T P E C r y o g lob u li n e m ia T P E Go o d p a s t u r e ’s s y n d r o m e T P E Gu il lain B a r r e s y n d r o m e T P E H y p e r v is c o s it y T P E L e u k e m ia w it h h y p e r leu k o c y t o s is s y n d r o m e Cy to red u c ti o n P e r iph e r a l b loo d p r o g e n it o r c e ll s f o r h e m a t o p o iet ic r e c o n s t it u t ion Cy tap h e res is P o s t t r a n s f u s ion p u r p u r a T P E R e f s u m ’s d is e a s e ( p h y t a n ic a c id) T P E S ic k le c e ll s c y n d r o m e Re d c e ll e x c h a n g e T h ro m b o c y to s i s , s y m p to m a ti c Cy to red u c ti o n T h ro m b o ti c th ro m b o c y to p e n ic p u rp u ra T P E 第一級適應癥 輸血反應 Transfusion Reactions Immune effects ? Acute ? Immediate hemolytic transfusion reaction ? Febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reaction ? Allergic reaction ? Anaphylaxis and anaphylactoid reactions ? TRALI ? Delayed – Delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction – Alloimmunization – Posttransfusion purpura – Transfusion associated –GVHD (graftversushostdisease) – Immunosuppression Transfusion Reactions(cont) Non immune effects ? Immediate – Bacterial contamination – circulatory overload – Physical RBC damage ? Delayed – Iron overload TRANSFUSION RELATED GvHD ? Leukocyte filtration does not offer protection ? Mortality: 7590% ? Blood from relatives must be irradiated ? No effective treatment. ? Almost fatal. Guideline form blood transfusion services of the United Kingdom Prevention of transfusi
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