“中華誦20xx全國(guó)學(xué)生規(guī)范漢字(1)(存儲(chǔ)版)
【正文】 039 yo were obese. Prevalence of Overweight Children in the US Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity Among US Children, Adolescents, and Adults, 19992022 19992022 A. Hedley et al. JAMA 2022。 4th grade children in two matched public elementary school ? Intervention group ? 18lesson, 6month classroom curriculum to reduce TV, videotape, and videogame use ? Measures at 0 and 8 months Reducing children?s television viewing to prevent obesity: A randomized controlled trial. ? Compared to controls, children in intervention group had statistically significant relative decreases in BMI, TSF, waist circumference, and W/H ratio. Reducing children?s television viewing to prevent obesity: A randomized controlled trial. ? The intervention significantly decrease children?s television viewing and video game use. Reducing children?s television viewing to prevent obesity: A randomized controlled trial. ? However, reducing television viewing did not significantly reduce: ? Frequency of snacking in front of TV ? Daily servings of highfat foods ? Or increase ? Overall physical activity ? Fitness ? “Reducing television… may be a promising, populationbased approach to help prevent childhood obesity.” Useful references ? American Academy of Pediatrics – Policy Statement ? Pediatrics 112:424430(2022) ? Society for Nutrition Education ? Guidelines for Childhood Obesity Prevention Programs: Promoting Healthy Weight in Children ? J. Nutr. Ed. Behav. 35:13 (2022) ? Childhood and Adolescent Overweight: The Health Professional?s Guide to Identification, Treatment, and Prevention. ? M Mullen amp。 27:9981010 Type 2 Diabetes in the Young The evolving epidemic Prevalence ? NHANES III (19881994) ? ~3000 subjects, 1219 yo ? IFG: per 1000 ? HbA1c6%: per 1000 ? Diabetes (all types): per 1000 ? Extrapolate: ~600,000 US adolescents with some degree of glycemic abnormality ? How many with Type 2 diabetes? Type 2 Diabetes in the Young The evolving epidemic Prevalence ? Sinha et al., NEJM 346:802810, 2022 ? 167 obese adolescents and children ? 4% prevalence of Type 2 DM ? All in Hispanic and black adolescents ? IGT ? 16% obese white ? 27% obese black ? 26% obese Hispanic ? (UK study found risk of Type 2 DM times greater in Asian than white children) Prevalence of T2 diabetes has increased significantly (23X) among Indian children in the past 30 years. Type 2 Diabetes in the Young The evolving epidemic Prevalence Trends ? 10 fold increase from 19821994 in Cincinnati ? J. Ped. 128:608615, 1996 ? % of diabetic children w/ T2 increased from % (1994) to 20% (1998) (Florida) ? Pub. Health Rep. 117:373379, 2022 ? ~1/3rd of children w/ diabetes have T2 in OH, AR, CA(Hispanics) ? Diabetes Care 22:345354, 1999 Type 2 Diabet
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