【正文】 luding the fat, salt, calorie and carbohydrate content. Before that, information about （ 2） bigsellers such as the Big Mac, which contains 30g of fat, could only be found on the firm’ s website or in leaflets. 在食品業(yè)巨 頭們回擊批評意見的過程中，更好的標(biāo)注方式已經(jīng)成為他們“武器庫”中的一個“殺手锏”。麥當(dāng)勞公司已將沙拉和水果引入了它的點餐單之中， Kraft 跟其它公司也制造出了一系列低碳水化合物食品。（言下之意，一餐就攝取如此多熱量，況乎一日三餐？） （ 6） Where the United States leads, others are following. In the European Union, up to 27% of men are considered to be obese, and almost a quarter of all children are deemed overweight. Britain, with its love of burgers and packaged meals, is seen as following closest on America‘s heels, but the rate of obesity has started to swell on the continent too. Some 11% of the adult population of France were obese in 2022, up from 8% in 1997 (the actual level may be higher still since the figures are based on polls asking people if they are fat, and （ 7） selfreporting produces underestimates). France has *latched on to[3] the fastfood culture: it is one of the biggest and most profitable European markets for McDonald’ s. 凡是有美國帶頭的地方，別國都 會亦步亦趨。2022 年，紐約一名法官駁回了一項訴訟，該訴訟聲稱麥 當(dāng)勞公司誤導(dǎo)了消費者，讓他們相信其食品是健康的（盡管該訴訟后來又受到部分復(fù)議）?！狈▏惨淹ㄟ^一項法律，擬對不宣揚健康飲食的食品公司征收 %的廣告預(yù)算稅。 （ 5） 我思來想去，也找不出比“這個數(shù)字本身就已經(jīng)糟糕透頂”更好的譯法了，或許還真有更好的？ （ 6） Come on, guys! 誰能把這句翻譯更為貼切、更為通達呢？ （ 7） 越譯越暈，我心里明白這個 selfreporting 的意思，可是到底怎么表達出來才準(zhǔn)確呢？ （ 8） in image terms，啥意思？我就不拋磚了，免得砸著自己，呵呵！ （ 9） scale up 按比例增加； scale down 按比例縮減，那么 scale back 呢？我想，應(yīng)該跟 scale down 差不多吧？ （ 10） do one’ s bits 我在詞典上沒有查到相應(yīng)的短語，不過“ bit”一詞本身是“少許”之意，我想譯為“盡??綿薄之力”應(yīng)當(dāng)不壞，您看 呢？ TEXT 4 A question of standards 一個關(guān)乎標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的問題 Feb 9th 2022 。英國國會下院健康特別委員會一份擲地有聲的報告，迫使英國政府開始全力引入“紅綠燈”標(biāo)識方案。對食品業(yè)的抨擊，已經(jīng)帶來了人們消費心理上的變化，或許也還將改變立法。旨在抨擊快餐業(yè)、頗具影響力的《快餐國度》一書作者埃里克 ?施羅瑟曾指出，美國人吃快餐花的錢要比花在高等教育、個人電腦或者買新汽車上的錢多。 such products are not what the industry calls “（ 4） business builders” . That said, some of Nestl233。去年四月，最大一家超市連鎖店 Tesco 宣布，他們反對采用“紅綠燈”方法，取而代之的是一種更為靈活的“路標(biāo)”法。在接下來的幾個月里，這些食品公司的土豆條、巧克力棒、干酪片等等包裝上將開始出現(xiàn)這類新標(biāo)注。 Google 并未關(guān)閉 的中文界面，仍然保持著其可選性，如此一來，對于那些想搜索到未經(jīng)審查的信息而寧愿網(wǎng)速慢一些的用戶而言，仍然有路可尋。 Meanwhile in America For Google, taking the higher road happens to also be a way to differentiate its service. This month America‘s Department of Justice went to court to force Google to ply with a subpoena seeking more than 1m web addresses and a weeks‘ worth of all users‘ searches (down from an original demand of every web address it holds and two months of searches), albeit without any information that would identify individual users. The government wants the data in order to examine the effectiveness of software filters to block pornography, for a case involving a law prohibiting the content, which the Supreme Court ruled unconstitutional. 美國國內(nèi)反響 對于 Google 而言，向更高目標(biāo)進發(fā)恰好也是一種讓服務(wù)多樣化的途徑。這類似于該公司在其他一些同樣面臨內(nèi)容限制的國家中的做法，比如法國和德國（禁止納粹站點）以及美國（疑似侵犯版權(quán)的有關(guān)材料將被刪除）。該公司接到通知，要求它取消那種特定功能，并且中國網(wǎng)絡(luò)運營者甚至曾一度將該公司的網(wǎng)址鏈接改到一家中國本地搜索引擎（ google 的競爭對手）上。高德斯坦先生堅持認為，“杰出人物統(tǒng)治論這個詞并不難聽。在一些校友（此前與學(xué)校較為疏遠）的幫助下，募集 12 億美元捐贈的行動已經(jīng)成功了一半。很多方面都在每況愈下。也有小道消息稱，城市大學(xué)正在再一次挑選聰明的當(dāng)?shù)鼐用?，尤其是在科學(xué)方面。 For instance, by 2022, all of CUNY39。s historic mission is a mitment to provide broad access, but its students39。 1969 年，學(xué)生大規(guī)模的抗議讓城市大學(xué)停課兩周。s mission to ―serve all the citizens of New York‖. At first the standards were tweaked, but this was not enough, and in 1969 massive student protests shut down City39。s best known colleges restricted the number of Jewish students they would admit at exactly the time when New York was teeming with the bright children of poor Jewish immigrants. In 193354 City produced nine future Nobel laureates, including the 2022 winner for economics, Robert Aumann (who graduated in 1950)。s top colleges, but its recent transformation offers a neat parable of meritocracy revisited. 去年，城市大學(xué)學(xué)生的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化考試平均分位居全美最高分的 7%之列。被納入城市大學(xué)榮譽計劃的學(xué)生無需支付學(xué)費，相反，他們還獲得一份 7500 美元的定期生活津貼（用于補助日常開銷）以及一本筆記本電腦。大多數(shù)要進入將于秋季開學(xué)的下一學(xué)年學(xué)習(xí)的申請必須在 12 月底前完成，因此一所大學(xué)的聲望就有了客觀依據(jù)：申請人的多少。t even have dorms), and, until recently, academic credibility. 對美國的大學(xué)而言，一月是一個清算的月份。 6 萬名城市大學(xué)的五所頂尖學(xué)院學(xué)生中，約有 1100 人能得到“免費教育”，這在花費巨大的美國大學(xué)界可是一件稀罕事。s students averages are lower, but they are now just breaking into the top third (pared with the bottom third in 1997). CUNY does not appear alongside Harvard and Stanford on lists of America39。s golden era came in the last century, when America39。 What went wrong? Put simply, City dropped its standards. It was partly to do with demography, partly to do with earnest muddleheadedness. In the 1960s, universities across the country faced intense pressure to admit more minority students. Although City was open to all races, only a small number of black and Hispanic students passed the strict tests (including a future secretary of state, Colin Powell). That, critics decided, could not be squared with City39。起初，入學(xué)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)作了調(diào)整，但仍不夠。 By 1997, seven out of ten firstyear students in the CUNY system were failing at least one remedial test in reading, writing or maths (meaning that they had not learnt it to highschool standard). A report missioned by the city in 1999 concluded that ―Central to CUNY39。他把爭議的焦點重新引回到了更高的入學(xué)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)之上。與高德斯坦先生預(yù)期的恰恰相反，更高的入學(xué)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)吸引了更多的學(xué)生，而非更少：今年，報名人數(shù)又創(chuàng)新高。s finances still precarious, city and state support for the university has fallen by more than onethird since 1991 in real terms. It has, however, begun to bring in private money. 如此種種，并不表示紐約城市大學(xué)已經(jīng)走出泥潭。s operating budget) to the engineering school, calling his alma mater ―a veritable American dream machine‖. 由于得到《紐約時報》老板蘇爾茲伯格家族 400 萬美元的贊助，在《商業(yè)周刊》前任編輯史蒂夫 ?謝巴德（ 1961 屆學(xué)生）的牽頭下，一所新辦的新聞學(xué)院將于秋季開學(xué) 。s model of low tuition fees and high standards offers a different approach. And its recent history may help to dispel the myth that high academic standards deter students and donors. ―Elitism‖, Mr Goldstein contends, ―is not a dirty word.‖ 對城市大學(xué)所有不完善的方面而言，它關(guān)于低學(xué)費和高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的模式為我們展示了一個與眾不同的教育方法，而且，該大學(xué)新近發(fā)展進程也許有助于打破這樣一個謬論，那就是學(xué)校高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)會讓學(xué)生以及捐助者們望而卻步。不過， Google 公司自己很快也被不定期關(guān)閉。他們已經(jīng)與中國政府達成共識，允許其搜索結(jié)果列