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基礎(chǔ)化學(xué)第十一章后習(xí)題解答(存儲版)

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【正文】 s , 1θ 32 θ 3233s , 2( [ F e( b ip y ) ] [ F e( b ip y ) ] ) ( F e F e ) 0 . 0 5 9 1 6 l gKK??? ? ? ??? 22. 已知 23[Fe(bipy) ] ? 的穩(wěn)定常數(shù) 17s,1 10K ??及下列電對的 θ? 值 3233[ F e ( bipy ) ] e [ F e ( bipy ) ]? ? ??, θ ? ? 結(jié)合有關(guān)電對的 θ? 值,求 33[Fe(bipy) ]? 的穩(wěn)定常數(shù) s,2K 。L1 16 For [Cu(en)2]2+, C u 2 + + 2 e n [ C u ( e n ) 2 ] 2 + x 2 2 x 2 0 . 1 0 - x 2 = 0 . 1 m o l L1. Solution 17sp (A gI) 2 10K ???, 21s2([A g( C N ) ] ) 10K ? ?? [ A g ( C N ) 2 ] + I A g I + 2 C N 0 . 1 0 . 1 0 . 1I n i t i a t i o n o f t h e r e a c t i o n 22 s sp62 1 1 7[ C N ] 1[ A g ( C N) ] [ I ]1 9 .0 3 1 01 .3 1 0 8 .5 2 1 0K KK???????? ? ?? ? ? 17 2 6( 0 .1 ) 1 9 .0 3 1 00 .1 0 .1QK ?? ? ? ? ?? No AgI precipitate forms in the solution. 5. Given the Ks values of [Ag(NH3)2]+ and [Ag(CN)2] are 107 and 1021 respectively, try to determine the direction of the following reaction. [ A g ( C N ) 2 ] + 2 N H 3 [ A g ( N H 3 ) 2 ] + + 2 C N 223 2 3 2 2 22 3 2 37 15s 3 221s2[ A g(NH ) ] [ C N ] [ A g(NH ) ] [ C N ] [ A g ]S ol ut i on [ A g(C N) ] [ NH ] [ A g(C N) ] [ NH ] [ A g ]( [ A g(NH ) ] ) 10 10( [ A g(C N) ] ) 10KKK? ? ? ? ????????? ? ??? ? ? ?? The reaction is in reverse direction. [ A g ( N H 3 ) 2 ] + + 2 C N [ A g ( C N ) 2 ] + 2 N H 36. A Cu electrode is immersed in a solution that is ?L1 NH3 and ?L1 in [Cu(NH3)4]2+. If a standard hydrogen electrode is the cathode, celE is + V. what is the value obtained by this method for the formation constant, fK , of [Cu(NH3)4]2+? Solution The cell in the problem is as follows: 2 1 13 4 3( ) Cu | [ Cu ( N H ) ] ( 1 .0 0 m o l L ) , N H ( 1 .0 0 m o l L ) || SH E ( )? ? ??? 22c e l l SH E 3 4 3 4( [ Cu ( N H ) ] / Cu ) ( [ Cu ( N H ) ] / Cu ) 0 .0 5 2 VE ? ? ???? ? ? ? ? 234( [ C u( N H ) ] / C u ) 52 V? ? ?? 22 θ 2 343 4 3 4 43θ 234 4θ 234( [ C u( N H ) ] )( [ C u( N H ) ] / C u ) ( [ C u( N H ) ] / C u ) l g2 ( N H ) 916 ( [ C u( N H ) ] / C u ) l g2 ( )( [ C u( N H ) ] / C u ) 2 Vcc???????????????? θ 2 θ 23 4 ss 16( [ C u( N H ) ] / C u ) ( C u / C u ) l g2 9 V l g2 VKK?? ???????? s 2 [ 0 . 3 4 1 9 V ( 0 . 0 5 2 V ) ]l g 1 3 . 3 20 . 0 5 9 1 6 VK ? ? ???, 13s 10K ??。 開始時加入 2 2 3NaSO 物質(zhì)的量 10 m ola ?? ? ? ? Exercises 1. The pound CoCl3?2H2O?4NH3 may be one of the hydrate isomers [Co(NH3)4(H2O)Cl2]Cl?H2O or [Co(NH3)4(H2O)2Cl]Cl2. A ?L1 aqueous solution of the pound is found to have a freezing point of ℃ . Determine the correct formula of the pound. The freezingpoint depression constant for water is K?mol1?kg1, and for aqueous solution, molarity and molality can be taken as approximately equal. Solution According to f f BT iK b?? ,then f 11fB[ 2 7 3 . 1 5 ( 0 . 5 6 ) ] K 2 7 3 . 1 5 K 31 . 8 6 K k g m o l 0 . 1 m o l k gTi Kb ??? ? ? ?? ? ?? Thus, the plex in the problem is [Co(NH3)4(H2O)2Cl]Cl2. 2. Given the Ks values of [CuY]2 and [Cu(en)2]2+ are 51018 and 1021 respectively, try to determine which of the two plexes is more stable. Solution For [CuY]2, the number of ligand is 1, for [Cu(en)2]2+, the number of ligand is 2, their stability are different. For [CuY]2, C u 2 + + Y 4 [ C u Y ]2 x 1 x 1 0 .1 0 - x 1 = 0 .1 0 m o l設(shè)反應(yīng)達(dá)到平衡時 1[OH ] mol Lx??? ,則 22411C u ( O H ) 2 O H [ C u ( O H ) ]m o l L 0 . 1 m o l Lx ????? 2θ 3422[ C u ( O H ) ] 0 . 1 1 . 6 6 1 0[ O H ]K x? ??? ? ? ? 11[ OH ] m o l L o l Lx? ? ??? OH? 離子的總濃度 [OH]c ? 為 11[ OH ] ( 7 .8 0 .1 2 ) m o l L 8 .0 m o l Lc ? ? ?? ? ? ? 21. 已知 θ 32(Fe / Fe )? ??, 33[Fe(bipy) ]? 的穩(wěn)定常數(shù)為 s,1K , 23[Fe(bipy) ] ? 的穩(wěn)定常數(shù)為 s,2K 。L1? (2) 時,上述溶液中各成分的平衡濃度各為多少 molL 1 212s 2[ A g ( CN ) ] 1 .3 1 0[ A g ][CN ]K ??? ? ? 1 2 0 12 2 2 2 1s[ A g ( C N ) ] 0 . 0 4 6[ A g ] m o l L 1 . 9 1 1 0 m o l L[ C N ] ( 0 . 0 4 3 ) 1 . 3 1 0K ?? ? ? ?? ? ? ??? [CN] = L1)的氨水 , 然后用水稀釋至 100mL, 求 : (1) 溶液中 Ag+、 [Ag(NH3)2]+、 NH3 的濃度 ; (2) 加 ( 3)由( 2)知平衡常數(shù)較小,可以認(rèn) 為先生成 234[Cu(NH) ] ? ,再考慮其與 OH? 能否反應(yīng)生成 2Cu(OH)沉淀。 6 [ M n ( H 2 O ) 6 ] 2 + [ C r ( H 2 O ) 6 ] 2 + 11. 已知高自旋配離子 [Fe(H2O)6]2+的 o? = 解 由價鍵理論,低自旋的 [Co(CN)6]4為八面體內(nèi)軌型配合物,中心原子有 7 個 d 電子,要進(jìn)行 d2sp3雜化,必使 1 個 3d 電子躍遷到 5s 軌道上,而 5s 軌道離核較遠(yuǎn),能量較高,電子極易失去,即 [Co(CN)6]4極易被氧化成更穩(wěn)定的 [Co(CN)6]3。 4 解 已知該鐵的八面體配合物的磁矩為 B? ,用 B( 2)nn????計算,得未成對電子數(shù) n = 4。m2) (2) [Fe(C2O4)3]3 (1024 A當(dāng)有陰離子配體時,配離子電荷數(shù)不等于中心原子的電荷數(shù); (5) 正確; (6) 不對。 (5) 配體的場強愈強,中心原子在該配體的八面體場作用下,分裂能愈大。螯合物的特點是穩(wěn)定、溶解度大。 ( 3)以 2 個( n1) d 軌道、 1 個 ns 軌道和 3 個 np 軌道雜化形成 6 個雜化軌道,稱為 d2sp3 雜化。含有兩個或兩個以上配位原子的配體稱為多齒配體,如:乙二 胺, EDTA 等。 2. 命名下列配離子和配合物,指出中心原子、配體、配位原子和配位數(shù),寫出 Ks 的表達(dá)式 (1) Na3[Ag(S2O3)2] (2) [Co(en)3]2(SO4)3 (3) H[Al(OH)4] (4) Na2[SiF6] (5) [PtCl5(NH3)] (6) [Pt(NH3)4(NO2)Cl] (7) [CoCl2(NH3)3H2O]Cl (8) NH4[Cr(NCS)4(NH3)2] 解 名 稱 中心原子 配 體 配位原子
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