【正文】 even causes the serious security accident. . Therefore, we have the necessity also to have to take in the petroleum chemical industry production process to adjust the valve to divulge the question. Under causes the reason on the petroleum chemical industry installment in which the adjustment valve packing box divulges as well as prevented divulges the countermeasure, the method with the elimination makes the key discussion. 2 adjustments valves packing box divulges the reason analysis adjustment valve divulges divides into two kinds, namely outside divulges with the interior divulges. In the majority situation, outside divulges the consequence which creates, often divulges pared to the interior seriously. In the industrial production, adjusts the valve outside to leak not only creates the raw material and the energy waste, but also can directly pollute the environment, even causes the fire, the detonation, is poisoned and so on the harm safety significant accident, the national economy creates the heavy loss for. Outside but the packing box divulges also belongs leaks. The packing box divulges reason: The packing box by the stuffing box, the padding, the padding pad as well as the padding contracts the anization and so on to be posed. The stuffing box sets on the valve body or the valve cover, plays holds the padding the role. The padding pad sets to the stuffing box base, plays the strut padding role. The padding divides the soft nature sealing pound and takes shape the padding two kinds. Takes shape the padding take the elastic material quality as the raw material, uses the mould pressing to take shape or the turning processing makes each kind of joiner curtain under, pares, takes shape the padding structure pact, sealing property good, the serviceability is stronger. The medium divulges in the sealing pound place, the reason bees less crowded, the sealing pound for the padding gland is not strict, the padding variety or the quality does not conform to the requirement, the padding gets older or by the valve lever attrition. 3 adjusts the loss which the valve divulges creates Divulging causes which by the above situation, creates the economic loss and further because the medium characteristic different has differently to the environment pollution degree. If is the gas medium, then very easily proliferates the dissemination in the air, its pollution radius can be bigger. The liquid medium can through have the pollution to the ground seepage, also possibly or the exile expels flood water the ditch through the open ditch, pollutes the rivers and streams lake and other environment. Former Soviet Union39。在工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中，調(diào)節(jié)閥門的外漏不但造成原材料及能源的浪費(fèi)，還會(huì)直接污染環(huán)境，甚至引起火災(zāi)、爆炸、中毒等危害生命安全的重大事故，給國民經(jīng)濟(jì)造成嚴(yán)重?fù)p失。 3 調(diào)節(jié)閥門泄漏造成的損失 由以上情況引起的泄漏，所造成的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失和對(duì)環(huán)境的污染程度又因介質(zhì)的特性的不同而有所不同。 采用合適的填料密封及填料密封組合，可提高調(diào)節(jié)閥門使用的可靠性，延長使用壽命。 參考文獻(xiàn)： 1 王訓(xùn)拒 .閥門使用維修手冊 [s].北京：中國石化出版社， 1999 2 張德姜 .石油化工裝置工藝管道安裝設(shè)計(jì)手冊第二篇〔 S].北京：中國石化出版社， 1998 3 陸培文 .閥門選用手冊 [S].北京：機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社， 。 傳統(tǒng)的軟質(zhì)填料密封，是靠填料壓蓋的軸向壓力，使之在閥桿與填料以及填料與填料箱側(cè)壁之間，產(chǎn)生一定的徑向接觸應(yīng)力而達(dá)到密封的。成型填料以彈性材質(zhì)為原料，采用模壓成型或車削加工制成各種環(huán)形密封圈，相比之下，成型填料結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊，密封性能好，適用性更強(qiáng)。 2 調(diào)節(jié)閥門填料函泄漏的原因分析 調(diào)節(jié)閥門泄漏分為兩種，即外部泄漏和內(nèi)部泄漏。 The packing box divulges。結(jié)果，本夾具結(jié)構(gòu)比較緊湊。當(dāng)壓縮空氣單位壓力 P= ,夾緊拉桿 mmD 25?? 。其設(shè)計(jì)基準(zhǔn)為兩對(duì)稱孔中心距，由于難以使工藝基準(zhǔn)與設(shè)計(jì)基準(zhǔn)統(tǒng)一，只能以 ? 65外圓面作為定位基準(zhǔn)。 計(jì)算切削工時(shí) L=（ 60mm30mm） =30mm m ??mt 倒角 1x45176。所以實(shí)際切削速度 V=1000dn? = 1000 ?? = m/min 檢驗(yàn)機(jī)床功率 : 主切削力 Fc =CFc ap CFx f CFy vc FCn kCF????????????? 式中： CFC =900, xCF= , yCF= , nCF= kMF =( )190200()190 ??FnHB kkr = 所以 FC =900 )( N?????? ? 切削時(shí)消耗功率 Pc = )(106 44 KWVF cc ????? 由 《切削手冊》表 C6301機(jī)床說明書可知 , C6301主電動(dòng)機(jī)功率為 ,當(dāng)主軸轉(zhuǎn)速為 230r/min時(shí) ,主軸傳遞的最大功率為 ,所以機(jī)床功率足夠 ,可以正常加工。修正系數(shù) kv 見《切削手冊》表 ,即 kmv=, ksv =, kkv =, kkrv =, kBV = 所以 Vc = ??????? =(m/min) 確定機(jī)床主軸轉(zhuǎn)速 ns =??dVC1000 = ?? =253(r/min) 按機(jī)床說明書 （見《 工藝 手冊》表 — 8） 與 253r/min 相近的機(jī)床 轉(zhuǎn)速有 230r/min 及 305r/min。 刀具：刀片材料為 YG6，刀桿尺寸為 16mmX25mm,kr=90176。要求以外圓面 ф 65H5（ ? ）定位，鑄出毛 坯孔 ф 30。 以上工藝過程詳見附表 1“機(jī)械加工工藝過程綜合卡片”。因此，最后的加工工藝路線確定如下： 工序 Ⅰ 車削左右兩端面。 工序 Ⅷ 鏜ф 60 孔底面溝槽。 工序 Ⅸ 鏜ф 60 孔底面溝槽。部分采用專用刀具和專一量具。按照有關(guān)的粗基準(zhǔn)選擇原則（保證某重要表面的加工余量均勻時(shí)，選該表面為粗基準(zhǔn)。填料函的作用主要是為了封閉泵殼與泵軸之 間的空隙，不讓泵內(nèi)的水流不流到外面來也不讓外面的空氣進(jìn)入到泵內(nèi)。目 錄 前 言 ............................................................................................................................ 2 1 零件的分析 .............................................................................................................. 3 零件的作用 ................................................................................................... 3 零件的工藝分析 ........................................................................................... 3 2 工藝規(guī)程設(shè)計(jì) .......................................................................................................... 4 毛坯的制造形式 ........................................................................................... 4 基準(zhǔn)面的選擇 ............................................................................................... 4 粗基準(zhǔn)的選擇 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 4 精基準(zhǔn)的選擇 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 4 制訂工藝路線 ............................................................................................... 4 工藝