【正文】 05 的 DR 引腳是否變高，若為高，則證明接收到了有效數(shù)據(jù)，可以退出接收模式，若一直沒(méi)有接收到，待時(shí)間到時(shí)也退出接收模式。（如圖 7） 8 圖 7 nRF905 印刷板上帶環(huán)形天線的典型應(yīng)用電路 由于 nRF905 具有 ShockBurst TM 功能，使得 nRF905 不需要使用昂貴的高速微控制處理器（ MCU）對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)處理 /時(shí)鐘恢復(fù)，也能達(dá)到較高的數(shù)據(jù)率。電流消耗很低，在發(fā)射功率為 10dBm 時(shí)發(fā)射電流為 11mA，接收電流為 。數(shù)據(jù)在內(nèi)部進(jìn)行曼切斯特編碼 （ TX）和曼切斯特解碼 （ RX） 。一般推薦 C 取 10u， R 取 1K。另外， AT89S52 可降至 0Hz 靜態(tài)邏輯操作，支持 2種軟件可選擇節(jié)電模式。 起跑點(diǎn)的系統(tǒng)框圖 本設(shè)計(jì)利用無(wú)線傳輸模塊，當(dāng)運(yùn)動(dòng)員通過(guò)起跑點(diǎn)踏線時(shí)，電路中的踏線檢測(cè)模塊進(jìn)行一次掃描并發(fā)出聲光報(bào)警提示，同時(shí)電路開(kāi)始工作，開(kāi)始記錄時(shí)間。同時(shí)，本課題設(shè)計(jì)的研究也在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中節(jié)省也時(shí)間和人力。在練習(xí)或考核的過(guò)程中運(yùn)動(dòng)員往往會(huì)出現(xiàn)不踩線就折返跑、因忘記自己的折返次數(shù)而沒(méi)有跑完就提前結(jié)束考核的情況，針對(duì)這些問(wèn)題很多專家都在研究。 關(guān)鍵詞： 單片機(jī)，無(wú)線發(fā)射，數(shù)碼管， 74HC573，往返跑 Based on laser scanning intelligent ingandgoing run control system design Abstract Intelligence as the new invention now, is the development direction of the future, it can be scheduled according to the pattern in a environment of the automatic operation, without the need of human management, can be used for scientific exploration and so on purpose. Intelligent ingandgoing run control system, is a set of environmental perception, planning decision and different functions such as auxiliary in an integrated system. This design in view of the current sports training, contest in assessment of existing in the running back and forth coach or judges observation error big, misjudgment and labor intensity and low efficiency of current situation, system design to ATMEL89S52 series microcontroller as the core controller, the laser scanning athletes on line of accurate information, the wireless transmission modules and between the starting point and SheFanDian realtime wireless munication, realize the ingandgoing run training assessment process accurate testing and intelligent control and reduce the labor intensity of the staff, and improve the quality of work and efficiency. This design is simple in structure, but are highly intelligent, and human nature, partly reflects the intelligence. Key words: Singlechip microputer， Wireless transmitting， Digital tube，74HC573， Comingandgoing run 目 錄 1 引言 ............................................................................................................................ 1 選課的背景及意義 .......................................................................................... 1 國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀 .............................................................................................. 1 本課題要求及主要研究?jī)?nèi)容 .......................................................................... 2 課題研究的主要內(nèi)容 ............................................................................ 2 技術(shù)指標(biāo) ................................................................................................ 2 2 系統(tǒng)總體方案分析 .................................................................................................... 2 起跑點(diǎn)的系統(tǒng)框圖 ........................................................................................... 2 折返點(diǎn)系統(tǒng)方框圖 .......................................................................................... 3 3 各模塊的芯片選擇與電路設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................................ 3 單片機(jī)控制模塊 .............................................................................................. 3 核心芯片的介紹 .................................................................................... 3 單片機(jī)最小系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................................ 4 3 .2 無(wú)線傳輸模塊及功能電路 ............................................................................. 5 nRF905 無(wú)線模塊介紹 ........................................................................... 5 無(wú)線傳輸模塊電路設(shè)計(jì) ........................................................................ 7 電源模塊 ........................................................................................................... 9 LM117 電壓轉(zhuǎn)換芯片介紹 .................................................................... 9 電源模塊電路設(shè)計(jì) .............................................................................. 10 計(jì)時(shí)顯示模塊 ................................................................................................ 10 4 位 LED 數(shù)碼管介紹 .......................................................................... 10 74HC573 芯片 ...................................................................................... 12 計(jì)時(shí)顯示電路設(shè)計(jì) .............................................................................. 13 踏線檢測(cè)和聲光報(bào)警模塊 ............................................................................ 14 激光二極管介紹 .................................................................................. 14 光敏三極管介紹 .................................................................................. 16 光敏三極管的驅(qū)動(dòng)電路 ...................................................................... 18 檢測(cè)與聲光報(bào)警模塊電路設(shè)計(jì) .......................................................... 18 4 系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計(jì) .......................................................................................................... 19 5 結(jié)論 .......................................................................................................................... 19 致謝 .............................................................................................................................. 20 參考文獻(xiàn) ...................................................................................................................... 21 附錄 1 整體電路圖 ..................................................................................................... 22 附錄 2 程序 ................................................................................................................. 23 1 引言 現(xiàn)在的體育訓(xùn)練、比賽中進(jìn)行往返跑計(jì)時(shí)、檢測(cè)考核，往往還是采用人工考核的方式，借助秒表等裝置，教練、裁判人員用肉眼觀察運(yùn)動(dòng)員的情況。本設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單，但具有高度的智能化、人性化，一定程度體現(xiàn)了智能。同時(shí)在考核的過(guò)程中工作人員都是借助肉眼進(jìn)行觀察的，這樣并不能保證數(shù)據(jù)的準(zhǔn)確性。在國(guó)外這類檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)雖有使用，但整體的設(shè)計(jì)還不夠完善，故設(shè)計(jì)本系統(tǒng)對(duì)于以后的 2 各方面發(fā)展都具有很大的幫助作用。根據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)要求，經(jīng)過(guò)論證，最終確定的系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)框圖包括兩個(gè)部分。 AT89S52具有以下標(biāo)準(zhǔn)