【正文】 storehouse. According to stocking the material quality branch, can be divided into that raw material and 8 outside purchases the warehouse and in products warehouse, stock and maintenance spare parts and tool warehouse The purpose of inventory control depends on, and makes the stock invest lastly, and just will satisfy the requirement producing and selling . Simulation as for the inventory control includes: 1) Defining orders goods the tactics 2)Order and order batch are defined 3) Define the distribution of storehouse 4) Define the safety stock standard The reference [ 9 ] has been described the model building and the simulation of the pass the steps , distribution and inventory control system of trends 9 譯文 ： 仿真技術(shù)在制造業(yè)中的應用與發(fā)展 摘要 在制造企業(yè)產(chǎn)品設計和制造的過程中，計算機仿真一直是不可缺少的工具，它在減 少損失、節(jié)約經(jīng)費、縮短開發(fā)周期、提高產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量等方面發(fā)揮了巨大作用。s manufacturing resources plans / enterprise resources plans and the supply chain is managed and the pletely quality management and the technology such as manufacturing, excellent production and enterprise management course reconfiguration etc punctually . Integration technology crowd is made in the design : Studies and product design , manufacturing and waiting entirely the various technology of course correlation until tests , if the parallel engineering and puteraided design /39。 3. Processanddeviceoriented。 4. Other. This paper will describe simulation in manufacturing from above aspects. And Virtual Reality (VR) and Virtual Manufacturing (VM) are introduced in the last section as prospect of simulation in manufacturing. Keywords： Application of simulation technology, Manufacturing 1 The development course of manufacture technology The manufacturing industry (including the machinery category such as manufacturing, electronics manufacturing, nonmetal products manufacturing, readymade clothes manufacturing as well as various mould material manufacturing etc) is the pillar industry of national economy, and his total output value generally occupies the 20%~55% of internal total output value of each country . The enterprise productive forces in each country are in forming, and the effect of manufacture technique generally occupies about 60% . So some experts think, the petition of each nation economy on the world chiefly is the petition of manufacture technique. This kind of petition is intense with each passing day, and each country government all attaches 2 importance to research to the manufacturing industry very much to the constantly change of development as well as requirement of customer39。s puteraided engineering /39。制造業(yè)競爭的日趨激烈，促使各國研究和應用先進制造技術(shù)。在各國的企業(yè)生產(chǎn)力構(gòu)成中，制造技術(shù)的作用一般占 60%左右。支撐技術(shù)群：這一技術(shù)群是以上技術(shù)群賴以生存并不斷取得進步的相關技術(shù)，如標準化技術(shù)、計算機技術(shù)、軟件工程、數(shù)據(jù)庫技術(shù)、多媒體 技術(shù)、網(wǎng)絡通信技術(shù)、人工智能、虛擬現(xiàn)實技術(shù)、材料科學、人員教育和培訓、人機工程學、環(huán)境科學等?？偟膩碚f，先進制造技術(shù)的發(fā)展，為計算機仿真的應用提供了新的舞臺，也提出了更高的要求，目前仿真技術(shù)的應用具有以下特點和趨勢： 1) 仿真技術(shù)的應用范圍空前的擴大了。除此以外，虛擬現(xiàn)實和擬實制造的概念，集中體現(xiàn)了仿真技術(shù)應用的分布、交互和集成化趨勢，所以簡單加以介紹，作為計算機仿真在制造業(yè)中應用的展望。 面向制造工藝和裝備的仿真主要指對加工中心加工過程的仿真和機器人的仿真。就仿真技術(shù)在生產(chǎn)管理中的應用來說，大致有以下三個方面： 1)確定生產(chǎn)管理控制策略； 2) 用于車間層的設計和調(diào)度； 3) 用于庫存管理。 參考文獻 [8]中提供了一個對于不同控制策略比較的仿真過程。 FMS 中的調(diào)度過程包括： 選擇進入 FMS 的工件； 為工件加工選擇加工路線； 選擇在機器上進行加工的工作； 為 AGV 選擇派遣規(guī)則 。 對于庫存管理的仿真包括： 1) 確定訂貨策略； 2) 確定訂貨點和訂貨批量； 3) 確定倉庫的分布； 4. 確定安全庫存水平。按庫存材料性質(zhì)分，可分為原材料及外購件庫、在制品庫、成品庫和維修備件及工具庫。 計算機仿真在制造車間運行中的應用 FMS 中的調(diào)度問題可以定義為分配和協(xié)調(diào)可獲得的生產(chǎn)資源，如加工機器、自動引導運輸工具（ AGV）、機器人以及加班的時間等，以滿足指定的目標。 比較的衡量指標一般包括產(chǎn)量、生產(chǎn)率等。機器人仿真技術(shù)大致可分為以下幾類 [13]： 1)針對制造系統(tǒng)中機器人的應用開展的研究，如柔性制造系統(tǒng)或計算機集成制造系統(tǒng)中機器人的仿真問題； 2)針對機器人操作手本身的特性進行的仿真研究，如運動學仿真、動力學仿真、軌跡規(guī)劃和碰撞檢驗等問題； 13 3)機器人離線編程系統(tǒng)的研究，如利用仿真生成滿意的運動方案自動轉(zhuǎn)換成機器人控制程序去驅(qū)動控制器動作。 DFA 分析裝拆可能性，進行碰撞干涉檢驗，擬定出合理的裝配工藝路線，并直觀顯示裝配過程和裝配到位后的干涉、碰撞問題。 就仿真技術(shù)應用的對象來看，可將制造業(yè)中應用的仿真分為四類：面向產(chǎn)品的仿真；面向制造工藝和裝備的仿真；面向生產(chǎn)管 理的仿真；面向企業(yè)其它環(huán)節(jié)的仿真。 在從產(chǎn)品的設計到制造以至測試維護的整個生命周期中，計算機仿真技術(shù)貫穿始終（圖 1 中的陰影部分代表仿真技術(shù)的應用，進一步歸納為表 1）。 設計制造一體化技術(shù)群：研究與產(chǎn)品設計、制造、直到檢測等全過程相關的各種技術(shù)，如并行工程、計算機輔助設計 /計算機輔助工程 /計 算機輔助制造、擬實制造、可靠性設計、智能優(yōu)化設計、質(zhì)量功能配置、數(shù)控技術(shù)、物料儲運、自動控制、檢測監(jiān)控、以及質(zhì)量保證等技術(shù)。本文最后還介紹了虛擬現(xiàn)實和擬實制造的概念，作為計算機仿真在制造業(yè)中應用的展望。s system in the parallel engineering of application The simulation of robot Along with the rapid development of robot technology, the robot has also got the extensive application in making the system. But the plicated dynamic system of machine, electricity and liquid owing to the robot being one kind of synthesis’s only makes by way of puter simulation to e the dynamic characteristic of simulation system, ability the control algorithm of the reasonable sports scheme of organization and effective is announced, thus the problem in robot design , manufacturing as well as operating course of settlement . How many kind [13] of robot technique of simulation below roughly can being divided into: 1） Apply openminded research be dead against the robot in making the system, and makes in the system simulation problem of robot if the flexible is made the system or the puter is integrated 2） Operate the simulation study that the property of hand itself is in progress be dead against the robot , like kinematics simulation , dynamics simulation , orbit planning and colliding inspection etc the problem 3） The robot offline is piled the research of range system , if using the sports scheme automatic switchover onetenth robo