【正文】 re those li ke B and C that l ist thi ngs. List poem s have a fl exi ble l i ne l ength and repeated phrases whi ch gi ve both a pattern and a rhythm to the poem . Som e rhym e (l i ke B) whil e others do not (li ke C). I saw a fi shpond al on fi re I saw a fi shpond al l on fire, I saw a house bow to a squi re, I saw a person twel vefeet hi gh, I saw a cottage in the sky, I saw a bal loon m ade of l ead, I saw a coffi n drop down dead, I saw two sparrows run a race, I saw two horses m aki ng l ace, I saw a gi rl just li ke a cat, I saw a ki ten wear a hat, I saw a m an who saw these too, And sai d though strange they al were true. Our fi rst footbal m atch We woul d have won… i f Jack had scored that goal , i f we’d had just a few m ore m inutes, i f we had trai ned harder, i f Ben had passed the bal l to Joe, if we’d had thousands of fans screami ng, i f I hadn’t taken m y eye off the bal l, i f we hadn’t stayed up so l ate the night before, i f we hadn’t taken i t easy, i f we hadn’t run out of energy. We woul d have won… i f we’d been better! Another sim pl e form of poem that students can easi ly wri te i s the ci nquain, a poem m ade up of fi ve l ines. Wi th these, students can convey a strong pi cture i n just a few words. Look at the exam pl es (D and E) on the top of the next page. (D) Brother (E) Summ er Beauti ful , athl eti c Sl eepy, sal ty Teasi ng, shouti ng, l aughi ng Dryi ng, droopi ng, dreadi ng Friend and enem y too Week i n, week out Mi ne Endl ess (F) A fal l en bl ossom (G) Snow havi ng m el ted Is i ng back to the branch. The whol e vi l age is brim ful Look, a butterfly! O f happy chil dren. (by Mori take) (by Issa) H ai ku i s a Japanese form of poetry that i s m ade up of 17 syl abl es. It i s not a tradi ti onal form of Engli sh poetry, but i s very popular wi th Engli sh wri ters. It i s easy to write and, li ke the ci nquai n, can gi ve a cl ear picture and create a speci al feel i ng usi ng the mi nim um of words. The two hai ku poems (F and G ) above are translati ons from the Japanese. Di d you know that Engli sh speakers al so enjoy other form s of Asi an poetry – Tang poem s from Chi na i n parti cul ar? A l ot of Tang poetry has ben transl ated i nto Engl ish. Thi s Tang poem (H ) i s a transl ati on from the Chi nese. Wi th so many di fferent form s of poetry to choose from, students m ay eventual y want to wri te poem s of thei r own. It is easi er than you m i ght thi nk and certai nly worth a try. Where she awai ts her husband O n and on the ri ver flows. N ever l ooki ng back, Transform ed i nto stone. Day by day upon the m ountai n top, wind and rai n revol ve. Shoul d the traveler return, thi s Stone woul d uter speech. (by Wang Ji an) I’VE SAVED TH E SUMMER I’ve saved the summ er And I give i t al to you To hol d on wi nter m orni ngs When the snow i s new. I’ve saved som e sunli ght If you shoul d ever need A pl ace away from darknes Where your m ind can feed. And for m ysel f I’ve kept your smi l e When you were but ni een, Ti l you’re ol der you’ll not know What brave young sm il es can m ean. I know no answers To hel p you on your way The answers li e som ewhere At the botom of the day. But if you’ve a need for l ove I’l l gi ve you al I own It mi ght help you down the road Ti l you’ve found your own. (by Rod McKuen) Unit 3 ADVICE FROM GRANDAD Dear Jam es, It i s a beauti ful day here and I am si tti ng under the bi g tree at the end of the garden. I have just returned from a l ong bi ke ri de to an ol d castl e. It seems am azi ng that at m y age I am sti l fi t enough to cycle 20 kil om etres i n an afternoon. It’s m y bi rthday i n two weeks tim e and I’l l be 82 years ol d! I think m y l ong and acti ve li fe m ust be due to the heal thy li fe I l ive. Thi s bri ngs me to the real reason for m y l etter, my dear grandson. Your m other tel ls m e that you started sm oki ng som e tim e ago and now you are fi ndi ng i t diffi cul t to give i t up. Beli eve me, I know how easy i t is to begi n sm oki ng and how tough i t i s to stop. You see, during adol escence I al so smoked and becam e addi cted to ci garettes. By the way, di d you know that thi s i s because you be e addicted i n three di ferent ways? Fi rst, you can be e physical y addi cted to ni coti ne, which i s one of the hundreds of chemi cals i n ci garettes. Thi s m eans that after a whi l e your body be es accustom ed to havi ng nicotine i n i t. So when the drug l eaves your body, you get wi thdrawal symptom s. I remem ber feel ing bedtem pered and som etim es even in pai n. Secondl y, you be e addi cted through habi t. As you know, i f you do the sam e thi ng over and over again. You begi n to do i t autom ati cal l y. Lastl y, you can bee m ental l y addi cted. I bel i eved I was happi er and m ore rel axed after havi ng a ci garette, so I began to thi nk that I coul d onl y feel good when I sm oked. I was addi cted i n al l three ways, so i t was very di ffi cul t to qui t. But I di d fi nal l y m anage. When I was young, I di dn’t know m uch about the harm ful effects of sm oki ng. I di dn’t know, for exam pl e, that i t coul d do terri bl e dam age to your these changes al so l ed to new pai nti ng styles. Am ong the pai nters who broke away from the tradi ti onal styl e of pai nti ng were the Im pressi onists, who li ved and worked i n Pari s. The Im pressi onists were the fi rst pai nters