外文翻譯----奧運(yùn)會(huì)：里約能像北京那樣獲益良多嗎？(存儲(chǔ)版)
【正文】 on? central to its marketing before and after. I suspect others are doing the same.” The Games People Play For host cities generally, sponsorship seems to be a mixed blessing. A number of studies by academics and consultants suggest that Olympicsrelated economic growth is often a case of wishful thinking, and that positivelyspun scenarios often don39。t win the chance to host an Olympic event, Rose and Spiegel say that simply the act of making a bid can have the same positive effect on trade as hosting it does, with a lot less investment. They note, “The 39。西蒙甚至連綠色和平組織（ Greenpeace） —— 一個(gè)由環(huán)保積極分子構(gòu)成的非營(yíng)利性組織 —— 也對(duì)北京的環(huán)境治理工作給予了高度評(píng)價(jià)，這些工作包括為汽車 設(shè)定了全新的排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、開(kāi)通了五條地鐵新線路，以及有近 4， 000 輛公共汽車采用了清潔燃燒的壓縮天然氣?！斑@次運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)之所以使中國(guó)品牌的地位有所提升，主要原因在于完美的執(zhí)行。有人威脅，要摧毀它們精心策劃的贊助活動(dòng)，有人在奧運(yùn)會(huì)開(kāi)幕之前，就西藏和蘇丹達(dá)爾富爾（ Darfur）地區(qū)的人權(quán)問(wèn)題，以在巴黎和其他地方破壞奧 運(yùn)火炬全球傳遞活動(dòng)的方式，在中國(guó)境外舉行了抗議活動(dòng)?！彼劦?。 國(guó)內(nèi)贊助商和地區(qū)贊助商可能在其投資上獲得了豐厚的回報(bào)。盡管主辦城市已經(jīng)從過(guò)去的錯(cuò)誤中吸取了教訓(xùn)，同時(shí)，為將這些設(shè)施轉(zhuǎn)化為新用途付出了更 多的努力 —— 比如，主辦 1996 年奧運(yùn)會(huì)的亞特蘭大，最后留下的是由私人投資興建的價(jià)值 5 億美元的全新公共建筑群和 21 英畝的公園 ——不過(guò)，減少損失的能力到底還不同于經(jīng)濟(jì)成果。但是 ，他也談到，萬(wàn)物皆有時(shí)，有澳大利亞的成功，就有希臘的失敗。羅斯（ Andrew Rose）和舊金山聯(lián)邦儲(chǔ)備銀行（ Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco）的馬克不過(guò)，時(shí)機(jī)很重要?！? 。 足球世界杯（ World Cup）等重大賽事也具有引人入勝的類似效果。 盡管存在這些風(fēng)險(xiǎn) —— 比如，公共關(guān)系宣傳活動(dòng)遭遇挫折 —— 不過(guò)，主辦奧運(yùn)會(huì)的好處依然會(huì)超過(guò)負(fù)面影 響，尤其是在全球正在擺脫經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退的時(shí)候。對(duì)主辦國(guó)而言，如果能出色管理公共關(guān)系，那么，奧運(yùn)會(huì)就可能具有更積極的意義。學(xué)術(shù)機(jī)構(gòu)和咨詢顧問(wèn)的很多研究結(jié)果表明，與奧運(yùn)會(huì)相關(guān)的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)往往只是如意算盤，人們往往無(wú)法分辨，那些積極的動(dòng)態(tài)是來(lái)自短期的消費(fèi)性開(kāi)支，還是源于長(zhǎng)期的增長(zhǎng)?！氨M管達(dá)爾富爾地區(qū)的局勢(shì)為這次奧運(yùn)會(huì)蒙上了陰影，不過(guò)，贊助商不應(yīng)該屈從于激進(jìn)主義分子的壓力，而應(yīng)該持保持續(xù)溝通，并確保自己對(duì)社會(huì)責(zé)任的承諾得以實(shí)現(xiàn)?？肆_尼克（ Scott Kronick）則談到，在奧運(yùn)會(huì)舉辦期間，為奧運(yùn)會(huì)提供贊助的兩個(gè)客戶 —— 阿迪達(dá)斯公司（ Adidas）和美國(guó)聯(lián)合包裹運(yùn)送服務(wù)公司（ UPS） —— 的銷售額大幅增長(zhǎng)，美國(guó)聯(lián)合包裹運(yùn)送服務(wù)公司已經(jīng)與 2020 年倫敦夏季奧運(yùn)會(huì)的組委會(huì)簽訂了贊助協(xié)議。人們想知道的是，中國(guó)品牌是否還存在其他離奇古怪的東西?！斑@項(xiàng)活動(dòng)的規(guī)模太小了，實(shí)際上無(wú)足輕重?！爸袊?guó)政府非常巧妙地將這次奧運(yùn)會(huì) 7 當(dāng)作了推動(dòng)中國(guó)環(huán)境改善的契機(jī)。不過(guò)，人們很難對(duì)讓中國(guó)自我感覺(jué)良好的諸多因素視而不見(jiàn)。 we are better organized than you think in other words, nothing that raised its profile among other countries. But despite the risks such as PR campaigns ing unstuck the upsides of hosting the Olympics outnumber the downsides, particularly as the world climbs out of the economic downturn. A recent study by two economists Andrew Rose of the University of California, Berkeley, and Mark Spiegel of the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco found that after an Olympics, host countries? export trade generally increases. In an examination of 196 countries? economic performance between 1950 and 2020, they found that former Olympic host countries tend to have 30% more exports than the average, nonhosting country, a correlation they found to be “statistically robust, permanent and large.” Not only that, “the games do not seem to act as simple export promotion, but are instead associated with an increase in twoway trade between the host and the rest of the world,” they write in their April 2020 paper, “The Olympic Effect.” 5 Rose and Spiegel speculate that the games constitute a positive albeit expensive global signal that the country is serious about attracting foreigners and foreign business. Another big event, soccer39。 本科畢業(yè)論文 外文文獻(xiàn)及譯文 文獻(xiàn)、資料題目： The Olympic Games: Will Rio Benefit as Much as Beijing 文獻(xiàn)、資料來(lái)源： 國(guó)道數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù) 文獻(xiàn)、資料發(fā)表（出版）日期： 院 （部）： 專 業(yè)： 班 級(jí)： 姓 名： 學(xué) 號(hào)： 指導(dǎo)教師： 翻譯日期： 1 外文文獻(xiàn)： The Olympic Games:Will Rio Benefit as Much as Beijing For Brazil, winning the opportunity in late September to host the 2020 S
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