【正文】 ction. On the other hand, in recent years China39。但就目前我國(guó)的水資源狀況來(lái)看，單純的抽取地下水來(lái)滿足這一要求是不可取的。水源熱泵在運(yùn) 行時(shí)，只是通過(guò)地下水的抽取與回灌提取熱能，在整個(gè)抽灌過(guò)程中，管道是全封閉的，不會(huì)對(duì)地下水造成污染。 經(jīng)過(guò)近幾年實(shí)驗(yàn)及工程實(shí)踐證明，此技術(shù)可以極大的提高井的使用壽命，也得到了水源熱泵空調(diào)用戶的認(rèn)可，地王國(guó)際花園、東大智慧鑫園都指定用我們的技術(shù)。若三口井布置為如下圖所示邊長(zhǎng)為 100m 的等邊三角形，抽、灌水量為 100m3/h，按熱泵 機(jī)組運(yùn)行時(shí)，供暖（制冷時(shí)需水量要少） 10000m2 需水量 100m3/h 計(jì)算，則在此場(chǎng)區(qū)內(nèi)用地源熱泵供暖、制冷的 建筑 面積為 10000m2。如醫(yī)大二院水源熱泵空調(diào)井間距過(guò)大，回灌井?dāng)?shù)量達(dá)不到要求，機(jī)組運(yùn)行時(shí)，水回灌不下去。同燃煤鍋爐房相比，占地面積可減少一半以上，若將熱泵機(jī)組放到地下，則不占用地上空間。 水源熱泵技術(shù)在 建筑 領(lǐng)域中應(yīng)用的優(yōu)越性 130 水源熱泵作為一種新型的供暖制冷技術(shù)，越來(lái)越受到國(guó)內(nèi)外的廣泛關(guān)注，其在建筑領(lǐng)域中的優(yōu)勢(shì)有以下幾個(gè)方面： ① 較低的能量消耗。目前，國(guó)內(nèi)的清華大學(xué)、天津大學(xué)、重慶大學(xué)、天津商學(xué)院、山東建工學(xué)院、中國(guó)科學(xué)院廣州能源研究所等多家大學(xué)和研究機(jī)構(gòu)都在對(duì)水源熱泵進(jìn)行研究。夏季則以 12～ 26℃ 為制冷機(jī)的冷卻水，可以得到很高的 COP，甚至在某些情況下可直接用此水作為冷源進(jìn)行空調(diào)，而不用開啟水源熱泵。 下圖為水源熱泵系統(tǒng)的基本原理。 目前隨著我國(guó)住宅市場(chǎng)化改革，新建商品住宅小區(qū)飛速發(fā)展，隨著城市環(huán)境問(wèn)題的日益重視和能源結(jié)構(gòu)的調(diào)整，沈陽(yáng)地區(qū)新建小區(qū)一般就不再運(yùn)行采用燃煤鍋爐房供熱，何種方式可以經(jīng)濟(jì)、清潔地解決這些新建小區(qū)的供熱問(wèn)題成為目前住宅建設(shè)中的大問(wèn)題。一方面，中國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)要保持較高速度的增長(zhǎng)，另一方面，又必須考慮環(huán)保和可持續(xù)發(fā)展問(wèn)題。這樣，住宅環(huán)境就不再僅僅是采暖問(wèn)題，而是要統(tǒng)一考慮采暖和空調(diào) 的需求。 深井回灌水源熱泵原理圖 圖中同時(shí)標(biāo)出 設(shè)計(jì) 工況下各處冬季 (夏季 )的溫度。 1948 年俄勒岡州的一位工程師 Krocker 開創(chuàng)了水源熱泵在商用建筑中的應(yīng)用。 三、水源熱泵技術(shù)在沈陽(yáng)地區(qū)推廣的優(yōu)越性 水文地質(zhì)條件適宜 水源是應(yīng)用水源熱泵的前提，水源系統(tǒng)的水量、水溫、水質(zhì)和供水穩(wěn)定性是影響水源熱泵系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行效果的重要因素。 ② 改善了建筑外觀。 2020 年，冬季供暖 152 天，夏季制冷 100 天。 二是成井工藝落后，成井質(zhì)量不好，不僅影響井的壽命，還影響到取水和回灌效果，最終影響水源熱泵正常工作和制熱或制冷效果。這樣同樣是在邊長(zhǎng)為 100m 的等邊三角形區(qū)域內(nèi)，可以布設(shè)取水井 2 眼，回灌井 4 眼，能夠?yàn)? 132 20200m2 的建筑面積采暖、制冷。在運(yùn)行時(shí)，將地下水熱能經(jīng)水源熱泵機(jī)組交換熱量后排出再注入地下含水層中去，回灌儲(chǔ)能，以地下水作為冷熱源，冬灌夏用，夏灌冬用。 供新隨著可持續(xù)發(fā)展和公眾環(huán)保意識(shí)的提 高，世界和中國(guó)能源利用的結(jié)構(gòu)都正在轉(zhuǎn)變，從原有的煤、石油取暖過(guò)渡到以天然氣及電等清潔能源。 水源熱泵技術(shù)的推廣需要政府從可持續(xù)發(fā)展的角度，綜合能源環(huán)保和資源的各個(gè)方面的考慮，調(diào)整水源熱泵水源使用的政策，從新確定水源如何管理， 才能促使其大規(guī)模的發(fā)展。s surface shallow water depth of 1000 meters, such as groundwater, surface streams and lakes and oceans absorb the sun39。s water resources point of view, the simple extraction of groundwater to meet this requirement is not desirable. The water source heat pump can be taken to create a hydrological landscape before recharge, through processing technology to achieve the standard of irrigation and then poured into the ground back to a good solution to this problem. By current technology, this is feasible. Water source heat pump technology to promote sustainable development needs of government 142 from the perspective of integrated energy and resources in all aspects of environmental considerations, water source heat pump water used to adjust the policy, the new water sources to determine how to manage in order to promote its largescale development. We will use the pany39。s first watercooled heat pump air conditioners. At present, Tsinghua University, Tianjin University, Chongqing University, Tianjin, Shandong Institute of Technology built, the CAS Guangzhou Institute of Energy and many other universities and research institutions in the study of water source heat pump. Tsinghua University, which after years of working conditions in a 137 multisource heat pump industry has formed the research results of several demonstration projects have been pleted. Can be expected that the technology will be most effective in the 21st century heating and cooling air conditioning technology. Third, the water source heat pump technology in the region to promote the superiority of Shenyang 1, hydrogeological conditions are suitable Water is a prerequisite for application of water source heat pump, water system, water, water temperature, water quality and water source heat pump system stability is a run effects of important factors. Shenyang is located in the city on the Hun River Alluvial Plain aquifer is mainly coarse sand, gravel and pebbles, abundant groundwater resources, with the protection of groundwater resources in recent years intensified, with factories migrate to the suburbs, Shenyang underground funnel area has been basically eliminated. Now, the groundwater level between the 5060m, depth 513m. Summer and winter water temperature maintained at a constant 12 ℃ , PH value of between , groundwater quality, water resources assessment in the country was excellent. Shenyang City this unique hydrological and geological conditions is unique in the country to meet the water source heat pump system is running on the water, adequate water, moderate temperature, the water is suitable, stable water supply requirements, water source heat pump system for largescale promotion in Shenyang . 2, the water source heat pump technology in the construction field advantage in the application As a new water source heat pump heating and cooling technology, more and more attention at home and abroad, and its advantages in the construction field in the following areas: ① lower energy consumption. The biggest advantage of ground source heat pump heating and cooling with conventional air conditioning systems consume less power pared. Under the proper conditions of air heat pump system than the 40% energy savings pared to electric heating energy saving over 70%. ② to improve the building appearance. Since there is no outdoor pressors or cooling towers, so the possibility of damage greatly reduced the appearance of