外文翻譯---使用語(yǔ)音識(shí)別技術(shù)控制的焊接機(jī)器人工作單元-其他專業(yè)(存儲(chǔ)版)
【正文】 焊接 。這種電路必須允許焊接電源 通過(guò)工作單元中的其它輔助設(shè)備來(lái)控制。在 這一操作中有必要通過(guò)繼電器的正負(fù)極的地面信號(hào)來(lái)達(dá)到目的。 因?yàn)?任何自動(dòng)化工作單元中操作者的安全是必須保障的 ,所以應(yīng)把語(yǔ)音識(shí)別系統(tǒng)的 安全 也考慮在內(nèi)。如前緒論中所述，引進(jìn)聲音識(shí)別技術(shù)可以改進(jìn)人工操作的準(zhǔn)確性和反應(yīng)速度。 為此 ， 焊接機(jī) 可以編成控制額定的焊接通路和所需要的焊接過(guò)程參數(shù)， (即焊接電流、焊接 速度 、焊接 電壓、 送絲速度等 )。填充到正確合適的位置是焊接質(zhì)量的關(guān)鍵。 因此 ,如果超過(guò)了預(yù)期值 ,應(yīng)該更快糾正 ,，但 不 能 太過(guò)度 。 在系統(tǒng)開(kāi)發(fā)中 ， 有些功能尚不具備自動(dòng) 跟蹤 控制 ,因此需要不斷地人力監(jiān)測(cè)和實(shí)時(shí)調(diào)整操作 。 許多應(yīng)用已經(jīng)落實(shí) ,或 正陸續(xù)開(kāi)發(fā) ,或正在 研究 之中 。.e.. pushing buttons. turning knobs for potentiometers, or adjusting mechanical devices). Since the operator monitors the process primarily visually, he must either look away from the process to find the proper button or knob or rely on“muscular memory”much as a touchtypist does. In the first case, the time of response to a deviant condition may be excessive. In the second case, there is an increased probability of a secondary error being introduced by the operator. A voice recognition system could reduce the response time required from the probability of pushing the wrong button should similarly be reduced. Also, operator fatigue should be minimized. Since the operator can continuously monitor the process during override input, the effect of the change can be observed more quickly. Thus, if the desired value is exceeded and reverse correction is required, it should be acplished more quickly, allowing less overshoot. This reduction in oscillation about the desired value makes the system more stable. Another factor that can be improved is operator safety. In a safetycritical situation,the robot’s operation can be halted immediately by use of the “emergency stop,’’ or Estop, mode, which is initiated, conventionally, by depressing a large button. If an operator inadvertently finds himself in a hazardous situation, it may be necessary for him to initiate the Estop sequence. Should the operator not be within reach of the button,however, he may be unable to take the necessary action, and, as a result, could suffer serious injury. Having the capability of stopping the robot by issuing a voice mand could significantly improve the operator’s safety by enabling him to stop the robot even when not within reach of the Estop button. Manual corrections are occasionally required to adjust the location at which the weld filler wire enters the weld pool. Proper entry location is absolutely critical to sound weld quality. Adjustments are made either by manually adjusting mechanisms that hold the wirefeed guide tube or by issuing tactile mands to a servomechanism. Use of a voice recognition system could eliminate the need for the operator to place his hand within the working envelope of the robot end effector or, if servomechanisms are employed,could improve speed of response and stability. Another aspect of robot operation in an industrial environment that is very important is the security of a program editing capability of the system. Under no circumstances should any unauthorized person be able to enter this programming mode and alter the robot’s program. A voice recognition system can provide the necessary security by allowing access only for individuals who are authorized and whose voices can be identified by the system. Background Robotic welding is under development by NASA and Rocketdyne for the automation of welds on the Space Shuttle Main Engine that are presently made manually. The programmability of a robot can reduce the percentage of welding defects through a bination of consistency and repeatability unattainable by its human counterparts. To do this, the robot is programmed to a nominal weld path and level of weld process
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