土石壩的評(píng)估和修復(fù)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)外文翻譯-其他專業(yè)(存儲(chǔ)版)
【正文】 situ densification. Seismic Evaluation Two modes of failure were considered in the analyses—namely, loss of stability and excessive deformations of the embankment. The following analyses were carried out in succession: (1) Determination of pore water pressure buildup immediately following the design earthquake。 中文 2575 字 附錄一 外文翻譯 英文原文 Assessment and Rehabilitation of Embankment Dams Nasim Uddin, ., Abstract: A series of observations, studies, and analyses to be made in the field and in the office are presented to gain a proper understanding of how an embankment dam fits into its geologic setting and how it interacts with the presence of the reservoir it impounds. It is intended to provide an introduction to the engineering challenges of assessment and rehabilitation of embankments, with particular reference to a Croton Dam embankment. DOI: (ASCE)08873828(2021)16:4(176) CE Database keywords: Rehabilitation。 (2) estimation of strength for the loose foundation layer during and immediately following the earthquake。因此在該領(lǐng)域，仍存在多種改進(jìn)意見(jiàn)和實(shí)踐方法。如果工程師熟悉并習(xí)慣于設(shè)計(jì)建造大壩，并且對(duì)該領(lǐng)域有足夠的了解且有豐富的工程實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)，這種評(píng)估報(bào)告則是工程師們所能提交的唯一合理的報(bào)告。最后加高土壩通常是相對(duì)簡(jiǎn)單的填充操作，尤其是加高程度相對(duì)較 小的填充操作更為簡(jiǎn)單。大壩因維護(hù)措施不完備而遭受重大損失的例子是很常見(jiàn)的。土石壩的填筑采用改進(jìn)的水力沖填方法。將堤壩的現(xiàn)有強(qiáng)度與預(yù)期最大地震影響進(jìn)行比較，這樣就可以對(duì)堤壩在地震期 間以及震后瞬時(shí)的穩(wěn)定性進(jìn)行評(píng)估。 堤防整治 基于上述分析結(jié)果，建議通過(guò)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)壓實(shí) 的方法加固大壩。第三，基于最小土壤加強(qiáng)帶和最大土壤加強(qiáng)帶的數(shù)值重新評(píng)估沙礫的液化潛能，以顯示假設(shè)大壩加固到最低值，那時(shí)在壩體左側(cè)下游坡面的潛在液化危險(xiǎn)是否被消除。最小的殘余剪切強(qiáng)度對(duì)應(yīng)于一個(gè)規(guī)范化的貫入阻力值（ N1)。由于針對(duì)流量損失的安全系數(shù)隨地震影響而變化，且聯(lián)邦能源管制委員會(huì)在這方面的規(guī)定較缺乏，因此紐馬克型變形分析并不是必要的。采用所選擇的土壤特性 ,以靜態(tài)有限元方法進(jìn)行研究，來(lái)評(píng)估堤壩現(xiàn)有的應(yīng)力狀態(tài)。工程結(jié)構(gòu)包括兩座土石壩，一座有閘溢洪道，一座以混凝土和漿砌石修建的電站。通常，在修復(fù)過(guò)程中進(jìn)行階段性的監(jiān)測(cè)和儀器的評(píng)估是很必要的。這種斜坡加固工程通常會(huì)結(jié)合下游坡腳的排水措施。這種核對(duì)表決不能代替一個(gè)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的，觀察力極強(qiáng)的工程師。在土石壩建設(shè)工程上，無(wú)論是地基還是填土質(zhì)量都不能在生產(chǎn)前達(dá)到標(biāo)準(zhǔn)或規(guī)范，并且也不能 100%預(yù)測(cè)出他們的性能表現(xiàn)。 and (3) freeboard. For an embankment dam, all of these factors are interrelated. Seepage may cause erosion and piping, which may lead to instability. Instability may cause cracking, which, in turn, may cause piping and erosion failures. The measures taken to improve the stability of an existing dam against seepage and piping will depend on the location of the seepage (foundation or embankment), the seepage volume, and its criticality. Embankment slope stability is usually improved by ?attening the slopes or providing a toe berm. This slope stabilization is usually bined with drainage measures at the downstream toe. If the stability of the upstream slope under rapid drawdown conditions is of concern, then further analysis and/or monitoring of resulting pore pressures or modi?cations of reservoir operations may eliminate or reduce these concerns. Finally, raising an earth ?ll dam is usually a relatively straightforward ?ll placement operation, especially if the extent of the raising is relatively small. The interface between the old and new ?lls must be given close attention both in design and construction to ensure the continuity of the impervious element and associated filters. Relatively new
公司管理相關(guān)推薦
鄂ICP備17016276號(hào)-1