【正文】 shame 所用的句中要用虛擬語氣。1)It’s clear that they badly need help?？键c(diǎn)：考查主語從句 【名師點(diǎn)睛】主語從句 Subject Clauses(在主語的位置上), 也可以是特殊疑問詞wh。我還沒有還。3)但是當(dāng)賓語從句表達(dá)的是普遍真理或客觀規(guī)律時(shí)，賓語從句時(shí)態(tài)不受主句時(shí)態(tài)限制而用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。介詞of后跟賓語，因此這里是賓語從句，通過分析句子成分可知，賓語從句缺少賓語，因此用what引導(dǎo)。That he is a famous singer is known to us.= It is known to us that? Whether we shall attend the meeting hasn’t been decided will go makes no It is known to us that he is a famous It is not yet fixed when he will go to ，whatever引導(dǎo)主語從句，同時(shí)作do的賓語。what [錯(cuò)因分析] 許多同學(xué)一看便判斷出understood后為賓語從句，第一空誤填that。s argument what the increasing number of cars is the main cause of the rising PM readings has got much support from the 答案 what→that [句意：這個(gè)專家的爭論已經(jīng)得到了來自公眾的大力支持。引導(dǎo)表語從句，從句中不缺少任何成分，故用that引導(dǎo)。這是因?yàn)榈厍虮砻娲蠹s有71%的區(qū)域被水覆蓋。表語從句不缺任何成分，故填that。s ________it takes to face thechallenges in what [句意：勇氣是一種好品質(zhì)，那就是面對生活中挑戰(zhàn)所需要的品質(zhì)。m not to blame, am________you have made what [句意：——真是一團(tuán)糟！你總是這么懶惰！——媽媽，別怪我?？忌鶕?jù)主句結(jié)構(gòu)挑出從句，如從句表示陳述意義，常用that引導(dǎo)，表疑問常用疑問詞引導(dǎo)。典例4 The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief what you are better than anyone else on the sports [答案] what→that [句意：成功達(dá)到最高水平的唯一辦法是保持這樣一種信念，即你比運(yùn)動(dòng)場上的任何一個(gè)人都好。找出空前的系動(dòng)詞確定是表語從句，分析所填詞在從句中的成分和意義。s not ________ ships are built for.[答案] what 句意：船泊港灣固然安全，可那不是造船的初衷。弄清從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞是及物的還是不及物的也很重要。ever和no matter wh173。ever引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的區(qū)別連接詞what, which, who分別表示“……的東西或事情”、“哪一個(gè)”、“誰”，表示疑問含義；而whatever, whichever, whoever分別相當(dāng)于anything that, any...that, anyone who意為“無論……”，強(qiáng)調(diào)一切情況。故填that。典例2 I made a promise to myself________this year, my first year in high school, would be different.[答案] that 句意：我向自己保證：今年——我高中的第一年——將會(huì)是不同尋常的一年。同位語從句常位于下列名詞之后，如： advice建議demand要求doubt懷疑 fact事實(shí) hope希望 idea主意information信息 message消息 news消息 whisper低語 order命令 problem問題 promise諾言 question問題 request請求 suggestion建議 truth事實(shí) wish愿望 word消息 conclusion結(jié)論 thought想法The_news_that we won the game was 。I felt as_if we had_known each other for ?！钦俏覀儾煌牡胤?。Our plan is that we39。] 10．He seems too tired today, and I wonder that he got a good sleep last 答案 that→if/whether [句意：他今天似乎太累了，我想知道他昨天晚上是否睡得好。] 8．—Dad, I want to go out for dinner with my friends tonight.—Keep in mind when you have to be home by 9： 答案 when→that [句意：——爸爸，今晚我想和朋友們一起出去吃飯。] 5．Some people care much about their appearance and always ask if they look fine in which they are 答案 which→what [句意：有些人太過在意自己的外表，總是問(別人)自己穿在身上的衣服看起來是否不錯(cuò)。勇氣就是做你害怕要去做的。] 9．Mom often phones me, asking________I am getting along with my how [句意：母親常給我打電話，問我學(xué)習(xí)進(jìn)展如何。it為形式賓語，設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)的賓語從句為真正的賓語。A．單句填空1．The exhibition tells us ________we should do something to stop air why [句意：該展覽告訴我們?yōu)槭裁次覀円扇〈胧┳柚箍諝馕廴?。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，________beauty es from within在句中作believe的賓語，是賓語從句，不缺少句子成分，故填that。(2)含有否定轉(zhuǎn)移的句子變反意疑問句時(shí)有兩種情況：若主句主語是第一人稱，簡短問句的主語和謂語應(yīng)分別與賓語從句的主語和謂語保持一致；若主句主語不是第一人稱，簡短問句的主語和謂語應(yīng)分別與主句的主語和謂語保持一致。As a child, I was told that the moon has no light of its didn39。t bother you if I sit beside you? 你確定我坐在你旁邊不會(huì)打擾你嗎？I am not sure whether I should write to him or 。I39。ll talk to us about what he saw in the 。(3)動(dòng)詞hate, like, dislike, appreciate, enjoy等表示“喜歡”，“厭惡”的動(dòng)詞以及一些動(dòng)詞短語see to, depend on, rely on等常用it作形式賓語，而將賓語從句后置。I don39。特別提醒that引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)，常被省去，但下列情況下不能省略：①當(dāng)that從句作介詞的賓語時(shí)；②動(dòng)詞后跟有多個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句時(shí)，只有第一個(gè)that可以省略，引導(dǎo)第二個(gè)和以后幾個(gè)從句的that不可省略；③賓語從句前有插入語時(shí)；④that引導(dǎo)的從句位于句首時(shí)。I wonder what I can do for 。此處需要連接副詞引導(dǎo)主語從句并在從句中作原因狀語，why表示“為什么……”。t matter how many times you fail。s policy can be put into practice”；再根據(jù)句意可判斷，此處表示“是否”，故改為whether, that無意義。答語為that引導(dǎo)的主語從句，引導(dǎo)詞在從句中不作任何成分，只起連接作用。根據(jù)句意可知應(yīng)用Whether。] 3．Some people believe________has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the what/whatever [句意：一些人認(rèn)為，不管是以前發(fā)生的還是現(xiàn)在發(fā)生的事情都會(huì)在將來重現(xiàn)?！窘忸}法】(1)掌握各引導(dǎo)詞在意義和功能上的差別。考查名詞性從句，it為形式主語，后面的從句是真正的主語。(4)It＋特殊動(dòng)詞/動(dòng)詞短語＋主語從句。典例1 It is by no means clear ________the president can do to end the strike.[答案] what 句意：總統(tǒng)可以采取什么措施來結(jié)束罷工一點(diǎn)兒都不清楚。What we need is 。Whether you can succeed depends on 。連接主語從句的連接詞主要有三類：從屬連詞、連接代詞和連接副詞。What he wants to tell us is not 。Why they suddenly disappeared still remains a 。(3)It＋be＋過去分詞＋主語從句。It是形式主語，設(shè)空處應(yīng)填入引導(dǎo)主語從句的連接詞，從句后半部分的連詞or提示本題為whether...or...結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“是……還是……”。典例2 What Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public, but some won39。由句意可知，后一分句是來補(bǔ)充說明前一分句中的不確定的內(nèi)容的，根據(jù)“around 1565”可知是對時(shí)間進(jìn)行提問，因此用when引導(dǎo)前面的主語從句。What在此處引導(dǎo)主語從句，并在從句中作主語。] 8．As the spokeswoman said，________we should take action against them depends on what they will whether [句意：正如女發(fā)言人所說的那樣，我們是否應(yīng)該針對他們采取行動(dòng)取決于他們將會(huì)怎么做。] 2．It remains to be seen that the newly formed mittee39。根據(jù)題干中one of you可知，空處要用whichever修飾one, 指“你們中的任何一個(gè)人”。which指某一范圍中的哪個(gè)或哪些。賓語從句可分為三類：動(dòng)詞后的賓語從句、介詞后的賓語從句、形容詞后的賓語從句。典例1 Jerry did not regret giving the ment but felt ________he could have expressed it differently.[答案] that 句意：杰瑞不后悔給出評(píng)論，但是覺得自己本來可以用不同的方式來表達(dá)的。That our team will win, I 。一些動(dòng)詞后的賓語從句有賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)，則需要用it作形式賓語，而將that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句后置。介詞后接賓語從句的用法(1)一般情況下介詞后只能接wh173。The high ine tax is harmful in_that it may discourage people from trying to earn ，因?yàn)樗赡苁谷瞬辉敢舛噘嶅X。(2)sure后賓語從句的連接詞that, whether, if的選擇。The boy said that there were no classes on Sunday 。t_think I can remember the 100 words within two 。t hope/guess so.”，正確的表達(dá)應(yīng)為“I hope/guess not.”。掌握各引導(dǎo)詞在意義、功能上的差別。] 4．We must find out________Karl is ing, so we can book a room for when [句意：我們一定要搞清楚Karl什么時(shí)候來，以便我們給他訂房間。whoever引導(dǎo)賓語從句作介詞to的賓語，且whoever在從句中作主語，相當(dāng)于anyone who。what引導(dǎo)的賓語從句作imagine的賓語，同時(shí)what在賓語從句中作介詞like的賓語。where是副詞，不作主語。故把what改為how。應(yīng)用how引導(dǎo)的從句作介詞of的賓語，且how在從句中作方式狀語。此外，表語從句還可用because和as if/as though等連接詞引導(dǎo)。特別提醒if不引導(dǎo)表語從句；that引導(dǎo)表語從句一般不省略。特別提醒a(bǔ)s if/as though意為“好像，仿佛”，其引導(dǎo)的表語從句常位于系動(dòng)詞(如seem, appear, look, taste, sound, feel, smell等)之后。s because he is 。引導(dǎo)同位語從句的連接詞一般都不省略。典例3 The notice came around two in the afternoon________the meeting would be postponed.[答案] that 句意：下午兩點(diǎn)左右，有人通知說會(huì)議要推遲了。(√)He impressed the manager as an honest 。ever引導(dǎo)名詞性從句？做題時(shí)，我們要認(rèn)真分析語境，看看句子要表達(dá)什么意思，如果表示任何一個(gè)人或事物，無范圍可言，就用wh173。(賓語從句)Whoever/No_matter_who can win the first prize in the English contest, I will give this dictionary to ，我都會(huì)把這本字典給他。根據(jù)句子所要表達(dá)的意思進(jìn)一步選擇用哪一個(gè)連接代詞。此處引導(dǎo)表語從句并在從句中充當(dāng)主語，把that改為what。that39。同位語從句的引導(dǎo)詞that較多見，也會(huì)考