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【正文】 Manufacturing Strategy。 一 年喬 山 健 康 科 技 股 份 有 限 公 司產(chǎn) 品 — 有 氧 健 身 器 材產(chǎn) 品 品 牌 名 稱 — M a t r i x 、 V i s i o n 、 H o r i z o n供應(yīng)鏈與新產(chǎn)品快速推出 ? Traditional phase – price ? Stress phase – Acceptance of shortnotice requirements ? Resolved phase – JIT principles ? Partnership phase – Longterm perspective, exchange operating and financial information, share risks and joint investment in facilities Schary and SkjottLarsen 1995 供應(yīng)鏈與新產(chǎn)品快速推出 ? Cluster production – Set up production units close to the customer?s assembly plant – A firsttier supplier to an assembler in one country must be able to supply the assembler in other parts of the world – Involved in development of new models in the earliest stage – Expected to be a technology leader, developing new technologies independently Schary and SkjottLarsen 1995 供應(yīng)鏈與客製化 FedEx Case Study Customer Inter FedExNet Order Management System Call Center Supplier Component A Supplier Component B Component C FedEx EDC/Alliance Manufacturing Facility Build or configure Orders Express Delivery of Finished Product Web Orders Phone Orders Order Confirmation Advanced Shipping Notice Build/ConfiguretoOrder 製程 延遲 策略 ? 冒險(xiǎn)策略 (Speculation, anticipatorybased) – 由預(yù)測(cè)來決定生產(chǎn)種類和數(shù)量，與延滯策略相反。 ? 供應(yīng)鏈 – 核心產(chǎn)品與周邊活動(dòng)委外之結(jié)合為獲利策略 。 Logistics Management is that part of the Supply Chain Management that plans, implements, and controls the efficient, effective forward and reverse flow and storage of goods, services, and related information between the point of origin and the point of consumption in order to meet customers39。 製程 延遲 策略 ? Includes product redesign and process redesign ? Product redesign – Standardize across all markets ? Process redesign – Includes resequencing the subprocesses – Dye, cut and sew, vs cut, sew and dye 製程 延遲 策略 ? Three design principles – Design so it consists of independent modules that can be assembled into different forms of the product easily and inexpensively – Manufacturing processes consist of can be moved or rearranged easily for different distributionwork design – Supply work should ? supply the basic product to the facilities in a cost effective ? be flexible and responsive to take and deliver customers? orders HP個(gè)案 ? LaserJet printer – For Europe and North America markets – Differentiate product with builtin dedicated power supply of 110 and 220 volts as soon as production began in Japan – Standardize power supply for entire product family – Higher material cost, but lower total costs of manufacturing, stocking and delivery by 5% HP個(gè)案 ? DeskJet printer – Built in Singapore and distributed in Stuttgart, Germany for Europe market – Countryspecific external power supply that plugs in when setting up the printer – Differentiation was performed in Stuttgart – Higher manufacturing for factories to customize the printers, but lower total costs of manufacturing, shipping and inventory dropped by 5% 供應(yīng)鏈與便捷性 ?電子商務(wù)與宅配 大榮個(gè)案 供應(yīng)鏈與新鮮 ?臺(tái)灣地區(qū)冷凍冷藏產(chǎn)業(yè) – 每年約有 300億元的冷凍冷藏產(chǎn)業(yè)規(guī)模 ?低溫物流 – 保持新鮮食品及冷凍食品品質(zhì) – 從生產(chǎn)到消費(fèi)過程均處於低溫狀態(tài) ? 「低溫控制技術(shù)」加工製造，低溫監(jiān)控下儲(chǔ)存，運(yùn)輸配送和銷售 – 仰賴合乎放置低溫食品低溫標(biāo)準(zhǔn)冷凍冷藏設(shè)備 – 運(yùn)送過程保持適當(dāng)溫度，確保食品安全及品質(zhì) 供應(yīng)鏈與新鮮 低 溫 物 流中 心食 品 工 廠量 販 店貨 車 冷 凍 車漁林牧農(nóng)冷 凍 車製 程 冷 凍 運(yùn) 輸 冷 凍 儲(chǔ) 存 冷 凍 運(yùn) 輸 冷 凍超 市便 利 商 店供應(yīng)鏈與新鮮 食品分類 保存溫度 相關(guān)產(chǎn)品 簡分 鮮食品 18oC 三明治、便當(dāng)、飯糰、涼麵 鮮食 冷藏食品 0~+7oC 生鮮蔬菜、果汁、乳飲料。 Simulation Modeling for Production Systems Operations Management Theory and Strategy Strategic Supply Chain。亦稱為拉式生產(chǎn)。 ? 全球金融與運(yùn)輸解除管制 – 簡易貨幣流通 ， 提昇運(yùn)輸效率降低運(yùn)輸成本 。 ? 資訊科技的進(jìn)步 – 增進(jìn)全球性相同的消費(fèi)型態(tài) 。 ? 延遲 策略 (Postponement, responsebased) – 目的： Mass customization, deliver rapidly and reduce cost – 產(chǎn)品製程的延遲 (manufacturing) ? 不必要製程成品，保持原料型態(tài)，維持改變彈性與避免成品過時(shí)。 SC Cost Design Optimization Models for Logistics。日常食品 (豆腐 )、加工肉品 (香腸 )、鮮花等 冷藏 冰溫食品 2~+2oC 畜肉品 (牛豬羊肉 )、禽肉品 (雞鴨肉 )、
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