【正文】 s workdirectory. SPECIFICATIONSThe standard version of DYNAFORMPC has the following specifications per database:150,000 LINES450,000 POINTS4,000 SURFACES350,000 Edge Points (SURFACE)160,000 Control Points (SURFACE)250,000 GRIDS250,000 LEMENTS1,000 PROPERTIES1,000 PIDSCHAPTER 2GETTING STARTED GETTING STARTED1. Select the DYNAFORMPC program in the PC window to activate it. Please seeFigure .Figure Getting Started2. Once the program is activated, it automatically displays the OPEN ADATABASE FILE window.3. The user supplies CADIGES data and VDA data that will be translated and readdirectly into DYNAFORMPC.4. CAD or model data is not supplied. Therefore, the user begins with an emptydatabase and generates or “digitizes” line data into the drawing. CREATE A DYNAFORM PC DATABASE FILE1. Select NEW from the FILE MENU and DYNAFORMPC displays the CREATEA DATABASE FILE window shown below. The default FILES OF TYPE isDynaform Database (*.df). There is no alternative type. The user may type in anyfilename they choose and select OPEN to create the database file. Please seeFigure .Figure Create a Database File2. Once the database file is created, DYNAFORMPC displays the ANALYSISSETUP menu as Figure .Figure Analysis Setup3. Select a unit type from the UNIT pulldown menu.4. Select a draw type from the DRAW TYPE pulldown menu. Note: Draw Type Option should relate to the type of machine used to produce the true work piece, which associates the directions of punch moving and binder loading. If you are not sure or face a new process, the user may select User Defined item. Refer to the DYNAFORMPC Application Manual for description of draw type.5. After the other items in the menu have been considered, select OK. READING GEOMETRY DATAThe user has several options when opening a file in DYNAFORMPC. One of the ways thefile can be opened is by dragging and dropping the desired file into the DYNAFORMPCprogram window or shortcut icon. DYNAFORMPC will automatically open the file if theextension is recognized and prompts the user for key parameters. The user can also doubleclick on files with extensions that DYNAFORMPC recognizes. This will openDYNAFORMPC (if unopened) and automatically load the file. The third choice is to openthe desired file via the OPEN mand in the FILE MENU. This will display the OPEN ADATABASE FILE window, which also opens automatically at the start of the program. This window controls the input and output of data in DYNAFORMPC. Please see Figure Figure Open a Database FileLOOK INAllows the user to navigate directories when opening/saving files.FILE NAMEAllows the user to specify the name of the file to open/save.FILES OF TYPEAllows the user to specify the type of file to open/save. The available file types aredisplayed in the scrolldown window. The OPEN DATABASE WINDOW onlydisplays the files that match the current FILES OF TYPE extension.If the user accidentally enters the wrong extension, DYNAFORMPC will open anotherwindow asking for the file type. Once the correct file type is selected, DYNAFORMPCopens the file.CHAPTER 3FILEThe functions in the FILE menu are shown in Figure .Figure File Manager A detailed description of each function is given in the following sections. NEWThis function allows the user to create a new database file. Please see Figure .Figure New a Database沒有其它的類型。“數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)打開窗口”只顯示那些與當(dāng)前文件擴(kuò)展名相符的“文件類型”。這將會(huì)打開DYNAFORMPC（如果不能打開）和自動(dòng)載入文件。 注意：DRAW TYPE 的選擇應(yīng)該與那些用來生產(chǎn)真實(shí)工件的機(jī)器類型有關(guān)，這聯(lián)系穿孔器的指示移動(dòng)和裝訂工人裝。 創(chuàng)建一個(gè)DYNAFORM PC機(jī)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)文件 1. 從文件菜單選擇新文件，以及在DYNAFORMPC上演示創(chuàng)建一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)文件的窗口如下圖所示。1. DYNAFORM PC 提示：定義一個(gè)局部坐標(biāo)系選擇一個(gè)點(diǎn)作為原點(diǎn)2. 坐標(biāo)原點(diǎn)確定后，程序提示：選擇下一點(diǎn) 3. 坐標(biāo)系統(tǒng)確定后，程序?qū)?huì)提示用戶接受/拒絕展示的坐標(biāo)系統(tǒng)。V軸在平面UV里確定并與U軸垂直。參考文獻(xiàn)[1] 涂光祺. 精沖技術(shù). 北京：機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社. 2005[2] 周開華. 簡(jiǎn)明精沖手冊(cè). 北京：國(guó)防工業(yè)出版社. 2005[3] 《鍛造與沖壓》期刊有關(guān)內(nèi)容. [4] 涂光祺. 沖模技術(shù). 北京：機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社. 2005[5] ：[6] [7] JIA Jianjun，PENG Ying—hong，RUAN Xue yu．The FEM simulation of fine blanking ductile fracture [J]．Journal of Shanghai Jlaotong University．2003，37(7)：1064—1067附錄附錄A：英文翻譯（譯文）在dynaformPC的會(huì)議, 選項(xiàng)列表的圖標(biāo),將用戶提供了可供選擇的內(nèi)容涉及目前指揮甄選. 這些圖標(biāo)顯示在屏幕左側(cè)以上提示窗口. 以確定它的功能的圖標(biāo),把鼠標(biāo)的圖標(biāo). 工具冰山將提供一個(gè)標(biāo)簽的圖標(biāo),顯示其功能. 點(diǎn)擊右鼠標(biāo)按鈕下拉菜單也存取同一功能. 圖標(biāo)所示是一個(gè)例子,這個(gè)功能. 控制窗口包含兩個(gè)選擇卡:預(yù)流程及工具. 挑選顯示卡的圖標(biāo)代表不同的功能. 功能描述中強(qiáng)調(diào),當(dāng)光標(biāo)置于個(gè)人圖標(biāo). 點(diǎn)擊選項(xiàng)標(biāo)簽,把一張卡給另一方. 前遴選過程卡的所有功能,為了展現(xiàn)幾何學(xué)大廈. 下拉菜單內(nèi)卡允許用戶選擇其中的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)幾何 建筑:直線/點(diǎn),面,元素和節(jié)點(diǎn). 一旦用戶選擇的方案之一,相應(yīng)的功能展示在卡. 職能每張卡有充分的討論,在第4,5,6月7日和9. DYNAFORMPC的許多功能通過鼠標(biāo)左鍵可以實(shí)現(xiàn)。研究的主要工作有：（1） 論述了厚板精沖的機(jī)理，分析了精沖在小間隙和三向壓力作用下變形模式、變形特點(diǎn)、剪切變形區(qū)應(yīng)力和溫度特點(diǎn)。齒圈壓板是精沖模的特殊受力件；頂件器不僅起壓緊材料的作用，而且起導(dǎo)向作用，既是受力件，也是導(dǎo)向件。且閉鎖銷與銷孔采取配合加工，使間隙小于凸模和凹模之間的間隙，用以提高上、下模對(duì)中的精度。為了防止擠走潤(rùn)滑劑，在齒圈壓板的送料方向適當(dāng)減小厚度。所以凹模的外形尺寸取。式中 ——零件最大極限尺寸（mm）孔心距尺寸（C類：尺寸不變）式中 C——模具刃口中心距尺寸（mm） ——零件孔中心距最大、最小極限尺寸（mm）現(xiàn)根據(jù)以上公式計(jì)算圖37所示零件的模具刃口尺寸。凸模和凹模的間隙數(shù)值如表34 表34 凸模和凹模的間隙 (t%)料厚t/mm外形內(nèi)形（孔，直徑d）dtd=(1~5)td5t123461015應(yīng)強(qiáng)調(diào)，在實(shí)際工作中，必須結(jié)合精沖件的材質(zhì)和剪切面的質(zhì)量要求，靈活運(yùn)用表34中的數(shù)據(jù)。在模具設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)應(yīng)盡可能使沖裁力的壓力中心和壓力機(jī)滑塊的壓力中心一致，以保證導(dǎo)向精度和減少模具與壓力機(jī)的磨損。所以，沖裁力可按經(jīng)驗(yàn)公式計(jì)算： 式中 為系數(shù)，取決于材料的屈強(qiáng)比，所以壓邊力壓邊力按以下經(jīng)驗(yàn)公式計(jì)算： 式中 為系數(shù)，取決于，查[1]表61可得；為工件外周邊長(zhǎng)度；h為V形齒高。（1） 一個(gè)進(jìn)距內(nèi)的材料利用率： 表33 搭邊最小值 料厚txy 45676788810101012121215 圖38 定位塊的排樣圖 式中 A——一個(gè)沖裁件的面積，； n——一個(gè)進(jìn)距內(nèi)的沖裁件數(shù)量； B——條料寬度，mm 。由上分析，結(jié)合活動(dòng)凸模式精沖模和固定凸模式精沖模的特點(diǎn)及適用范圍，對(duì)于如上精沖零件選擇固定凸模式精沖模比較合適。 固定凸模式精沖模適合：1） 大型或狹長(zhǎng)的零件。由于上出料，凸凹?？椎纳疃炔恍枰ㄟ^凸凹模整個(gè)的高度，可使凸凹模和模座更堅(jiān)固。2） 反壓力對(duì)孔的光潔面部分的大小影響非常重要，隨著反壓力的提高，孔壁的光潔面部分也提高。 表32 雙面V形齒圈尺寸 料厚tahH4～5