【正文】 感謝沈陽(yáng)工程學(xué)院熱控實(shí)驗(yàn)室的幫助，使我設(shè)計(jì)的系統(tǒng)能夠在 PLC 實(shí)驗(yàn)室得到模擬仿真運(yùn)行。僅以致謝的方式遠(yuǎn)不能表達(dá)我的感激之情，可以說(shuō)沒(méi)有老師們的細(xì)心指導(dǎo)就沒(méi)有這篇論文的完成。加深了對(duì) PLC 控制系統(tǒng)的進(jìn)一步了解，更加清楚地認(rèn)識(shí)到其在現(xiàn)代化工業(yè)中所起的巨大作用。通過(guò)和其他類型的產(chǎn)品相比較，以系統(tǒng)控制的要求為基礎(chǔ)，以用戶要求和現(xiàn)場(chǎng)條件為依據(jù)，選擇了 S7200 系列和 MCGS 作為本課題使用的 plc 和組態(tài)軟件。當(dāng)用鼠標(biāo)拖動(dòng)葉輪轉(zhuǎn)速設(shè)定滑塊時(shí)，PLC 內(nèi)部位 MW41 對(duì)應(yīng)的字范圍對(duì)應(yīng)經(jīng)過(guò)量程變換后的葉輪轉(zhuǎn)速設(shè)定值，從而將 MW41 中的值傳入 PLC 模擬輸出位 中，此時(shí)葉輪按照設(shè)定轉(zhuǎn)速值旋轉(zhuǎn)。菜單欄 接近主窗口上方，包含 TwidoSoft 菜單名稱并以水平欄形式出現(xiàn)的主菜單。紫金橋系統(tǒng)支持“過(guò)程報(bào)警” 、 “系統(tǒng)報(bào)警”和“事件記錄”的保存、顯示和打印。轉(zhuǎn)速設(shè)定：用鼠標(biāo)器拉動(dòng)葉輪轉(zhuǎn)速設(shè)定塊，在“葉輪轉(zhuǎn)速設(shè)定”欄顯示設(shè)定值：0~100%，點(diǎn)擊相應(yīng)“確定 ”按鈕，葉輪將按設(shè)定轉(zhuǎn)速旋轉(zhuǎn)，轉(zhuǎn)速范圍為：0~1460 轉(zhuǎn)/ 分，缺省值為 30%。皮帶連鎖；當(dāng)“甲段皮帶”顯示“停運(yùn)”時(shí)，2葉輪給煤機(jī)不能運(yùn)行：當(dāng)“乙段皮帶”顯示停止運(yùn)行時(shí)，4葉輪機(jī)不能運(yùn)行。 監(jiān)控畫(huà)面設(shè)計(jì)與功能開(kāi)發(fā)監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)主要完成對(duì)給煤控制整個(gè)工藝流程的實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控管理功能，為了能夠?qū)崟r(shí)有效地監(jiān)控現(xiàn)場(chǎng)設(shè)備的運(yùn)行情況，監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)由一系列生動(dòng)直觀的畫(huà)面組成，依托實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)趨勢(shì)、歷史趨勢(shì)，為操作員提供豐富的信息和全面的人機(jī)交互功能，如圖 所示：圖 監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)畫(huà)面功能圖（1）系統(tǒng)主菜單畫(huà)面系統(tǒng)主菜單畫(huà)面為整個(gè)監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)第一級(jí)畫(huà)面。主機(jī)部分設(shè)在主控室，就地控制部分安裝在葉輪給煤機(jī)本體上，電力載波通信部分的兩端分別在主控部分和就地部分內(nèi)。因此，對(duì)于一個(gè)典型的工程最少要包含上述幾個(gè)方面(但是也不是絕對(duì)這樣，例如有的系統(tǒng)可能通過(guò)其它網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點(diǎn)的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)獲取數(shù)據(jù)，可能不需要設(shè)備驅(qū)動(dòng)和本地?cái)?shù)據(jù)庫(kù))。豐富的功能模塊：組態(tài)軟件以模塊形式掛接在基本模塊上，互相獨(dú)立提高了系統(tǒng)可靠性和可擴(kuò)展性。組態(tài)軟件在腳本語(yǔ)言功能及提供的腳本函數(shù)數(shù)量上不斷提高。數(shù)據(jù)中攜帶了上位機(jī)對(duì) PLC 要求的操作。每一次上位機(jī)和 PLC 數(shù)據(jù)交換有 3 個(gè)步驟，說(shuō)明如下：1)通訊是由在 PLC 中確定的時(shí)間觸發(fā), 發(fā)送一組字符給上位機(jī)： PLC 使用 ASCII 通基于組態(tài)軟件和 PLC 的火電廠給煤控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 9 訊時(shí)，通訊是由在 PLC 中確定的時(shí)間觸發(fā)的。數(shù)字量控制系統(tǒng)中，變量?jī)H有兩種相反的工作狀態(tài)，例如高電平和低電平、繼電器線圈的通電和斷電、觸點(diǎn)的接通和斷開(kāi)，可以用邏輯代數(shù)中的 1 和 0 來(lái)表示。PLC 及其有關(guān)的外圍設(shè)備都應(yīng)該按易于與工業(yè)控制系統(tǒng)形成一個(gè)整體，易于擴(kuò)展其功能的原則而設(shè)計(jì)。本設(shè)計(jì)上位機(jī)采用國(guó)際通用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的監(jiān)控軟件進(jìn)行組態(tài)畫(huà)面，畫(huà)面美觀實(shí)用。以武漢陽(yáng)邏電廠輸煤控制系統(tǒng)為例，基本上為集中加就地控制模式，其 PLC 控制系統(tǒng)僅僅滿足了皮帶輸送機(jī)的集中控制功能。輸煤程控系統(tǒng)主要是以可編程控制器（PLC）為主，實(shí)現(xiàn)輸煤系統(tǒng)的自動(dòng)花控制，與集中控制相比，在技術(shù)上具有控制功能強(qiáng)，編程簡(jiǎn)單，實(shí)現(xiàn)工藝聯(lián)鎖方便，可省去大量的硬件接線，維護(hù)方便，可在線修改等特點(diǎn)。在故障停機(jī)情況下，各設(shè)備均立即聯(lián)跳，故障解除后，可將停掉的設(shè)備以自動(dòng)控制再次啟動(dòng)。2) 各設(shè)備啟動(dòng)和停止過(guò)程中，要合理設(shè)置時(shí)間間隔（延時(shí)） 。就地控制方式是通過(guò)位于電機(jī)旁的控制箱進(jìn)行現(xiàn)場(chǎng)控制。其缺點(diǎn)是電纜敖設(shè)量大，連線復(fù)雜，一旦制造完成其運(yùn)行方式及不易改變。輸煤系統(tǒng)承擔(dān)從煤碼頭或卸煤溝至儲(chǔ)煤場(chǎng)或主廠房原煤倉(cāng)的運(yùn)煤任務(wù)。輸煤控制系統(tǒng)的特點(diǎn)是：整個(gè)系統(tǒng)控制很分散，覆蓋距離遠(yuǎn)，現(xiàn)場(chǎng)環(huán)境惡劣，且受控設(shè)備大多數(shù)都是強(qiáng)電設(shè)備，干擾嚴(yán)重?？蔀槿珡S實(shí)現(xiàn)計(jì)算機(jī)控制和管理創(chuàng)造條件。s developed a new type of electrical control devices, which brought about the birth of the industrial control over a revolutionary. It will relay the traditional control technology and puter control technology together with a flexible generalpurpose, high reliability and strong antiinterference ability, programming is simple, easytouse, powerful and easy to implement, such as mechanical and electrical integration of significant advantages, has been widely used in a variety of automatic control of industrial production process.Coal power plant electricity production system is very important to the process of the external auxiliary system, coal conveying control system with control equipment and more plex processes, equipment and other features distributed along environmental conditions, dust, humidity, vibration, noise, electromagic interference are more serious, traditional way of strong centralized control of power can not meet the largescale coal power plant automation system, PLC controlled manner because of its advantages in largescale coal power plant systems have gradually replaced conventional strong centralized control of power the way to bee largescale coal thermal power plant control system.Coalfired boiler transmission is an important part, how to ensure the reliability of equipment and reduce operator and maintenance personnel working strength, enhance economic efficiency, as a subject worthy of study. Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) is very fast in recent years, with wide application to the microprocessor as the core, set puter technology, automation technology, munication technology in one of the mon industrial control devices. It has a fullfeatured, easy to use, easy maintenance, high universality, high reliability and high cost performance has been in various areas of industrial control has been a wide range of applications, industrial automation has bee a powerful tool and television industry as a means of supporting the operation of equipment onsite video surveillance state, to replace the traditional onsite inspection to ensure that the coal handling system is safe, reliable, efficient and economic operation of the production.Key words Power Plant, Real,Supplying Coal Control, Programmable Logic Controller .基于組態(tài)軟件和 PLC 的火電廠給煤控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)III目 錄摘 要 ...............................................................................................................................IAbstract..........................................................................................................................II1 引 言 ..........................................................................................................................1 火電廠輸煤系統(tǒng) ..................................................................................................1 輸煤程控簡(jiǎn)介 ......................................................................................................1 輸煤程控系統(tǒng)控制方式及其功能特點(diǎn) ....................................