【正文】 特征翹曲 的 評 定是為 單一澆口位置塑膠注塑模具 ， 基于數(shù)值模擬結(jié)合模擬退火算法優(yōu)化。 最高迭代次數(shù)選定為 30 至確保精密的優(yōu)化， 而且進(jìn)行多次 的隨機(jī)試驗(yàn)，讓每一次迭代中被評為 10 至跌幅的概率 為 無效迭代， 使之 沒有一個(gè)重復(fù)的方案。零件 翹曲是模擬在此推薦 澆口 基礎(chǔ)上，因此，特征翹曲評 定 ： ，這很有價(jià)值。 在模擬 算法中的 18 成型條件列在表 1 。39。 這種算法采用隨機(jī)搜索，而不是只接受變化，即減少目標(biāo)函數(shù) f ，而且還接受了一些變化 來 增加 它 。 該算法是基于 Metropolis （ 1953 ） ，這原本是 用來 在原子某一特定溫度找到一個(gè)平衡點(diǎn)的 方法。 p是在 澆口 位置 的 注 入 壓力 。 它是由 整 15 體 差動收縮 引起，即 聚合物流通，包裝，冷卻，結(jié)晶 的 不平衡。 ， ， 是對撓度的 X ， Y ， Z分量的提取節(jié)點(diǎn) 。 特征翹曲的評定 與相應(yīng)的參考平面和投影方向結(jié)合起來測定目標(biāo)特征 后 ，其 L 的 值可以從 圖中用 解 14 析幾何立即計(jì)算出來（圖 2 ） 。 統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)量通常 是 最多節(jié)點(diǎn)位移，平均每年有 10%的 節(jié)點(diǎn)位移， 而且 整體平均節(jié)點(diǎn)位移（李和金， 1995 。 一個(gè) 有 預(yù)測性 的 模型，從數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果， 可作為 一個(gè)直接的質(zhì)量 測量 。 一個(gè)新的目標(biāo)函數(shù)來評價(jià)注塑制品翹曲變形，以優(yōu)化澆口位置。結(jié)論 在很大程度上 取決于設(shè)計(jì)師的直覺，因?yàn)榈谝徊绞腔谠O(shè)計(jì)師的主張。因此，單澆口的澆口位置是最常見的設(shè)計(jì)優(yōu)化參數(shù)。因此，他們往往優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)。最重要的一部分，注塑模，基本上是以下三組組成：腔，澆口和澆道， 和冷卻系統(tǒng)。 Xi is the node on the finite element mesh model of the part for injection mold ing process simulation。 α, β, γ are the angles of normal vector of the reference。Single gate optimization for plastic injection mold Abstract: Abstract: This paper deals with a methodology for single gate location optimization for plastic injection mold. The objective of the gate optimization is to minimize the warpage of injection molded parts, because warpage is a crucial quality issue for most injection molded parts while it is influenced greatly by the gate location. Feature warpage is defined as the ratio of maximum displacement on the feature surface to the projected length of the feature surface to describe part warpage. The optimization is bined with the numerical simulation technology to find the optimal gate location, in which the simulated annealing algorithm is used to search for the optimum. Finally, an example is discussed in the paper and it can be concluded that the proposed method is effective. Key words: Injection mold, Gate location, Optimization, Feature warpage. INTRODUCTION Plastic injection molding is a widely used, plex but highly efficient technique for producing a large variety of plastic products, particularly those with high production requirement, tight tolerance, and plex shapes. The quality of injection molded parts is a function of plastic material, part geometry, mold structure and process conditions. The most important part of an injection mold basically is the following three sets of ponents: cavities, gates and runners, and cooling system. Lam and Seow (2020) and Jin and Lam (2020) achieved cavity balancing by varying the wall thick ness of the part. A balance filling process within the cavity gives an evenly distributed pressure and tem perature which can drastically reduce the warpage of the part. But the cavity bala ncing is only one of the important influencing factors of part qualities. Espe cially, the part has its functional requirements, and its thicknesses should not be varied usually. From the pointview of the injection mold design, a gate is characterized by its size and location, and the runner system by the size and layout. The gate size and runner layout are usually determined as constants. Relatively, gate locations and runner sizes are more flexible, which can be varied to influence the quality of the part. As a result, they are often the design pa rameters for optimization. Lee and Kim (1996a) optimized the sizes of runners and gates to balance runner system for mul tiple injection cavities. The runner balancing was described as the differences of entrance pressures for a multicavity mold with identical cavities, and as differences of pressures at the 1 end of the melt flow path in each cavity for a family mold with different cavity vo lumes and geometries. The methodology has shown uniform pressure distributions among the cavities during the entire molding cycle of multiple cavities mold. Zhai et al.(2020a) presented the two gate loca tion optimization of one molding cavity by an effi cient search method based on pressure gradient (PGSS), and subsequently positioned weld lines to the desired locations by varying runner sizes for multigate parts (Zhai et al., 2020). As largevolume part, multiple gates are needed to shorten the maxi mum flow path, with a corresponding decrease in injection pressure. The method is promising for de sign of gates and runners for a single cavity with multiple gates. Many of injection molded parts are produced with one gate, whether in single cavity mold or in multiple cavities mold. Therefore, the gate location of a single gate is the most mon design parameter for optimization. A shape analysis approach was pre sented by Courbebaisse and Garcia (2020), by which the best gate location of injection molding was esti mated. Subsequently, they developed this methodol ogy further and applied it to single gate location op timization of an L shape example (Courbebaisse, 2020). It is easy to use and not timeconsuming, while it only serves the turning of simple flat parts with uniform thickness. Pandelidis and Zou (1990) presented the opti mization of gate location, by indirect quality measures relevant to warpage and material degradation, which is represented as weighted sum of a temperature dif ferential term, an overpack term, and a frictional overheating term. Warpage is influenced by the above factors, but the relationship between them is not clear. Therefore, the optimization effect is restricted by the determination of the weighting factors. Lee and Kim (1996b) developed an automated selection method of gate location, in which a set of initial gate locations were proposed by a designer and then the optimal gate was located by the adjacent node evaluation method. The co