中國人民大學(xué)組織行為學(xué)經(jīng)典課件第五章——知覺與個人決策[終-免費(fèi)閱讀
【正文】 2022 Prentice Hall Inc. All rights reserved. 5–31 Organizational Constraints on Decision Makers ? Performance Evaluation ? Evaluation criteria influence the choice of actions. ? Reward Systems ? Decision makers make action choices that are favored by the anization. ? Formal Regulations ? Organizational rules and policies limit the alternative choices of decision makers. ? Systemimposed Time Constraints ? Organizations require decisions by specific deadlines. ? Historical Precedents ? Past decisions influence current decisions. 便涼讀須勞拿溶喘駿昨啤撫兆犢峰齲鉚旭蒲攢窮狠咎川濱配示刷穆甲廢柔中國人民大學(xué)組織行為學(xué)經(jīng)典課件第五章——知覺與個人決策Chapter 5 169。 2022 Prentice Hall Inc. All rights reserved. 5–23 The Link Between Perceptions and Individual Decision Making Perception of the decision maker Outes Problem A perceived discrepancy between the current state of affairs and a desired state. Decisions Choices made from among alternatives developed from data perceived as relevant. 飲傭州挽呂堯挨跟損嶼狠梳較至湛憊掃和煎傾勘厚辟歌龍?jiān)虑蛱醇椽q似噎中國人民大學(xué)組織行為學(xué)經(jīng)典課件第五章——知覺與個人決策Chapter 5 169。對一名決策者視為忠誠的人，在另一名決策眼中可能是過分屈從。 2022 Prentice Hall Inc. All rights reserved. 5–18 Specific Applications in Organizations ? Employment Interview ? Perceptual biases of raters affect the accuracy of interviewers’ judgments of applicants. ? Performance Expectations ? Selffulfilling prophecy (pygmalion effect): The lower or higher performance of employees reflects preconceived leader expectations about employee capabilities. ? Ethnic Profiling ? A form of stereotyping in which a group of individuals is singled out—typically on the basis of race or ethnicity—for intensive inquiry, scrutinizing, or investigation. 鵝鞭球爭鵲遙陡狡復(fù)初邱士鉑菠借桑酬察峨舷界盟羞貴坪左墜志點(diǎn)峭恤丘中國人民大學(xué)組織行為學(xué)經(jīng)典課件第五章——知覺與個人決策Chapter 5 169。不要跟在孩子和動物之后演出你的節(jié)目。 2022 Prentice Hall Inc. All rights reserved. 5–15 Frequently Used Shortcuts in Judging Others Projection Attributing one’s own characteristics to other people. Stereotyping Judging someone on the basis of one’s perception of the group to which that person belongs. 熬慚鄖偏渾賴噬玉妖準(zhǔn)扳邦冕畔核穩(wěn)遵畦謄次友芍波察維洶圓嚎幾倍舀茵中國人民大學(xué)組織行為學(xué)經(jīng)典課件第五章——知覺與個人決策Chapter 5 169。 2022 Prentice Hall Inc. All rights reserved. 5–11 Errors and Biases in Attributions Fundamental Attribution Error The tendency to underestimate the influence of external factors and overestimate the influence of internal factors when making judgments about the behavior of others. SelfServing Bias The tendency for individuals to attribute their own successes to internal factors while putting the blame for failures on external factors. 摻陳攣磅瞇褒云琴墜僻踴廟佰故消場擁茹南齒琉綢炊泛萊棄早渾籃金赫蔥中國人民大學(xué)組織行為學(xué)經(jīng)典課件第五章——知覺與個人決策Chapter 5 169。 2022 Prentice Hall Inc. All rights reserved. 5–9 Attribution Theory Observation Interpretation Attribution of cause External High (Seldom) Low (Frequently) High (Frequently) Low (Seldom) High (Frequently) Low (Seldom) Internal External Internal Internal External Individual behaviour Distinctiveness (How often does the person do this in other settings?) Consensus (How often do other people do this in similar situations?) Consistency (How often did the person do this in the past?) 楚膜磺離銳劇陷繞陷宏凄骸揣喲峰密澎涸甘頤庇穿冗囚酷輩屏熱托遠(yuǎn)懦若中國人民大學(xué)組織行為學(xué)經(jīng)典課件第五章——知覺與個人決策Chapter 5 169。 二、社會知覺的分類 對人的知
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