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s public security bureau shows some 100 foreign visitors enjoyed the 72hour policy by the end of March, most of them from the United States, the United Kingdom and Germany. Chengdu also reported robust growth in its overall tourist industry last year. Official statistics show that it received some 150 million tourists last year, an increase of 28 percent from 2021. Around million came from abroad, an increase of 12 percent. Total revenue from tourism surpassed 133 billion yuan ($). During his visit to Kazakhstan in September, Chinese President Xi Jinping proposed that China and Central Asia join hands to build a Silk Road economic belt to boost cooperation. The idea has been w idely echoed in Central Asian countries, being an encouraging blueprint for Chinese areas along the Silk Road that has linked Asia and Europe for more than 2,000 years. In the next three w eeks, China Daily reporters w ill travel through the belt in China and in Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and Turkey. They w ill show the progress and expectations of the countries, businesses and peoples on the route. Shaanxi the start of the ancient Silk Road has positioned itself as the new starting point for the development of the Silk Road Economic Belt, w hich will strengthen China39。( 3)對于變異過大的研究對象或因素和需要普查普治的疾病不適合應(yīng)用。 普查的缺點:( 1)不適用于患病率低且無簡便易行診斷手段的疾病。 垂直傳播包括:⑴經(jīng)胎盤傳播;⑵上行性傳播;⑶分娩時傳播。 隊列研究的局限性 :( 1) 不適于發(fā)病率很低的疾病病因研究 。( 4)不能直接計算疾病率,只能估計相對危險性,雖可為進(jìn)一步研究提供線索,但無法直接得出因果聯(lián)系的結(jié)論。( 2)需調(diào)查的對象數(shù)目較少。某些遺傳性疾病通過遺傳咨詢,產(chǎn)前檢查染色體異常和隱性致病基因攜帶者而早期做出診斷。 ( 3)要求不同:前者的要求是快速、簡便、安全、靈敏度高,后者的要求是準(zhǔn)確性和特異性高,方法是否復(fù)雜并不關(guān)鍵。 ②比值( ratio):分子與分母之間兩種情況的相互關(guān)系,是兩個獨立的不相關(guān)量。由于調(diào)查全部代表難以實施, 故隨機(jī)抽樣提供了較全面的資料。因為: D : D 13 r 2 值 值 值 值 84. 以人年為單位計算的率是: B ,研究對象服從實驗設(shè)計安排,并堅持 合作到底,我們對此稱之為: A 86. 評價人群疫苗接種效果最關(guān)鍵的指標(biāo)是: D 87. 文獻(xiàn)報道, 7000 名吃加餐的初三同學(xué)平均身高為 ,而未吃加餐的 3000 名初三同學(xué)平均身高為 ,其差異非常顯著( P),你認(rèn)為: B B. 一厘米的統(tǒng)計學(xué)差異難以說明生物學(xué)差別 起 ,工作太粗引起 88. 常規(guī)傳染病報告屬于: B : D 14 : B : A 測量值與實際值的吻合程度 92. 篩檢的可靠性的含義: A 試驗獲得不同結(jié)果的穩(wěn)定程度 : D 94. 篩檢中聯(lián)合試驗采用串聯(lián)時的結(jié)果判定是: B 95. 在實際篩檢工作中,一般說來: A 、特異度都高 、特異度都低 ,要求篩選試驗: C 15 : B : A 二、多選題 : ABCD 對照 調(diào)查 : ACE : AC : ABDE ,交通擁擠的大中城市 ABCE ,居民有一定的免疫或疫苗接種維持著人群的免疫水平 16 ,必須先排除: AC