enrinology內(nèi)分泌總論-免費閱讀
【正文】 Disorders of endocrine and metabolic system Wang xinjun（王新軍） Department of endocrinology Hainan medical college MP: 18789826999 Definitions and scope of endocrinology ? Classical endocrinology（經(jīng)典內(nèi)分泌學(xué)） is the study of endocrine glands which are a group of glands in the body secreting hormones to evoke a specific response in other cells of the body. Classical endocrine glands ? Pineal（松果體） ? Pituitary （垂體） ? Thyroid （甲狀腺） ? Parathyroid （甲狀旁腺） ? Adrenal （腎上腺） ? Islets （胰島） ? gonads （性腺） Endocrine endocrine endoa bining form meaning “within,” used in the formation of pound words: endocardial。 endocrinology crine: paracrine autocrine exocrine Endocrinology ? With development, the definition and scope of investigative and clinical endocrinology continues to expand. ? For example: heart, kidney, adipose tissue ? Components of the endocrine and metabolic systems Architectural and functional properties of endocrine and metabolic system Endocrine system Endocrine system consists of two main parts: ? Endocrine glands ? Sporadic endocrine tissues and cells in nonendocrine an Hypothalamuspituitarytarget gland Hypothalamuspituitary ? anterior pituitary releases six hormones: ACTH、 TSH、 FSH、 LH、 PRL、 GH ? posterior pituitary releases two hormones that are actually produced in the hypothalamus: 1. antidiuretic hormone (ADH) acts on the kidneys to conserve water and also promotes constriction of blood vessels. 2. oxytocin stimulates uterine contractions and promotes milk “l(fā)etdown” in the breasts during lactation. HORMONE TARGET FUNCTION Thyroid (TSH) Stimulating Thyroid gland TH synthesis amp。 release Growth (GH) Many tissues growth Adrenocortico Tropin (ACTH) Adrenal cortex Cortisol release (androgens) Prolactin (Prl) Breast Milk production Follicle (FSH) Gonads Egg/sperm prod. Luteinizing (LH) Gonads Sex hormones ? An excess of growth hormone in children causes giantism. In adults it causes acromegaly. ? dwarfism (lack of growth hormone). ? Excess ACTH overstimulates the adrenal cortex, resulting in Cushing disease. ? Increased prolactin causes milk secretion, or g
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