【正文】 Some of the faculty were let go for lack of the students. 由于生源不足，一些教職員工被解雇了。例如： Unless you feel too ill to go out, I would rather not stay at home tonight. She could not but criticize his foolish behaviour. 5 ）在 make do, make believe, let drop, let fall, let fly, let slip, let drive, let go off, hear, say, hear tell, leave go of 等固定搭配中，用不帶 to 的動詞不定式。這類名詞通常是表示企圖、努力、傾向、目的、愿望、打算、能力、意向等意義的名詞，如 ability, attempt, effort, impulse, inclination, wish 等。常用的疑問代（副）詞有 what, when, where, which, how, whether 等，但不包括 why 。動詞不定式有進(jìn)行體和完成體（如 to be writing, to have written ）也有被動態(tài)（如 to be write ），所有的主動詞，不論是及物動詞還是不及物動詞，也不論是動作動詞還是狀態(tài)動詞，都有不定式形態(tài)。t know my phone number except that the city code is 021. 一些表語性的形容詞，如： alarmed, amazed, annoyed, astonished, certain, confident, disappointed, glad, pleased, proud, sad, shocked, sure, surprised, worried, ect. 作表語時(shí)，后面可跟由 that, how 等引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。s Embassy in Yugoslavia. 狀語從句的中 “ 主語 +be” 可以省略，前提是，從句主語和主句主語一致，且從句謂語 “be” 省略后的結(jié)構(gòu)為 “ 連詞 + 現(xiàn)在分詞 / 過去分詞 / 介詞短詞 / 形容詞 / 名詞短語 ” 。例如： The delegation we has been waiting for finally arrived I met the woman you told me about. She gave me all she could afford. With TV we can see things happen almost at the exact moment they are happening. 非限定性定語從句，其作用為：對所修飾的成分作進(jìn)一步的說明，它與主句用逗號隔開。 that 作賓語時(shí)?？墒÷?， which 則不能，而且其后的 “ 不及物動詞 + 介詞 ” 中的介詞不能省略。另外， “be+get+ 動詞 ed 分詞 ” 是特殊形式。 s offer of a cake. 將來完成時(shí)表示將來某一時(shí)間之前已經(jīng)完成的動作，分為一般將來完成時(shí)和過去將來完成時(shí)。s. 形容詞與副詞的最高級的形式分別為 :“the+ 形容詞最高級 + 名詞十范圍表達(dá) ” 和 “ 副詞最高級十名詞 + 范圍表達(dá) ” ，副詞的比較級和最高級不需要加 the 。 有些比較特殊 , 如： wellbetterbest ， badlyworseworst ， muchmoremost ， littlelessleast 。例如 : There was something nice about my feeling that she knew all. I came across another question hard to answer then . I wondered if there was a room available. 副詞的位置 為 : 修飾哪個(gè)詞就放在哪個(gè)詞前面 。 2) 形容詞中有的詞義相近的，也要注意。例如 : Our football team was defeated again ， which shows our players need much more effort. The factory now has over l,000 workers ， half of whom are women. He promised to tell us all that he knew . Whose turn to make presentation is beyond me. 8 連接代詞有 :what ， who ， whom ， whose ， which ，用來連接主語從句、賓語從句和表語從句。 Such 也是指示代詞，可作定語、主語和表語，修飾可數(shù)名詞時(shí)要與 a 連用。名詞性物主代詞作表語、主語、賓語，與 of 連用可作定語 :yours ， ours ， theirs ， mine ， her ， his ， its 。s acted in the play. We saw a play of Guo Moro39。 。如 :looker(s)on ， runner(s)up ， son(s)inlaw ， editor(s)inchief ， passer(s)by ， grandchild(ren) ， armyman(armymen) ， roomnumber(s) ， shoe lace(s) ， dinner plate(s) ， blood type(s) 等。s most famous works. The insurance pany paid $121 ， 700 in damages for the accident. My child enjoys pIaying on the sands. No pains ， no gains. 有些名詞一般只有復(fù)數(shù)形式。t his favorite subject. I love to live in the suburbs that are conclusive. 有些名詞一般情況下以單數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)，表示總體。ve got mice in the kitchen. 有些名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式是一樣的 , 如 :Chinese ， Japanese, Spanish( 西班牙 ) ， Lebanese( 黎巴嫩 ) ， Portuguese( 葡萄牙 ) ， Swiss( 瑞士 ) ， sheep ， deer ， swine( 豬 ) ， fish ， carp( 鯉魚 ) ， salmon( 鮭 ) ， means ， series ， species ， aircraft ， spacecraft 等。 以 “ 輔音字母 +y” 結(jié)尾的名詞把 “y” 變成 “i” ，再加 es 。 而普通名詞又可分為個(gè)體名詞、集體名詞、物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞。 1. 名詞的用法 可數(shù)名詞除非前面有冠詞或表示單數(shù)的限定詞，否則要用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如 : The president said the Chinese Government is paying close attention to developments in this matter ， and continues to reserve the right to take further action. The cattle were grazing on the meadow near the farm. The audience were amused by his humorous stories. My family is far away from the school. 有些名詞只有復(fù)數(shù)形式，而且也只用作復(fù)數(shù)，如 :clothes ， glasses, spectacles ， pants ， arms( 武器 ) ， belongings( 所有物 ) ， customs( 海關(guān) ) ， goods( 貨物 ) ， suburbs( 郊區(qū) ) ， papers( 文件 ) 等 。例如 : I must seek the advice of a specialist in the matter of the transfer of property rights. Headache is the most mon disease of human. I really get a lot of fun from reading in leisure time. The population of Shanghai is very big. 有些名詞單復(fù)數(shù)的含義不同，使用時(shí)要根據(jù)上下文的意思進(jìn)行選擇。例如 : Please check your examination paper carefully after finishing it. The China39。例如 : Would you bring me some dinner plates? We had a wonderful talk with some womensoldiers. Don39。s address? 名詞所有格有時(shí)還可以和 of 構(gòu)成短語，有以下兩種情況 : 1) 它所修飾的詞前面有一個(gè)表示數(shù)量的詞，如 :a ， two ， several ， some ， any ， no ， few 等。t seen each other for a long time since he went abroad. Let you and me have an appointment for the next weekend. Have you got any idea about this issue? Tell us whatever you39。例如 : These Children are too young to take care of themselves. Don39。s on your schedule? Which university did he enter at last? 7) 關(guān)系代詞有 who ， whom ， whose ， that ， which 。 1. 形容詞與副詞的用法 l 形容詞中有詞形相近的，應(yīng)注意區(qū)別。t have any experience ， he was likely to have problems. 以下情況形容詞常用于 后置 :1) 形容詞短語，即形容詞十副詞，介詞短語或不定式。 如果以 y 結(jié)尾的，把 y 變 i ，加 er ， est。t so simple as taking it up. 形容詞與副詞的比較級形式為 :“ 形容詞 ( 副詞 ) 比較級 +than+” ，應(yīng)注意 than 前后相比較的人或物要一致。例如： Japanese is certainly difficult for me as I have never learned it before. We are living a hard life because Father has been unemployed for half a year. I have planted thirty trees since I moved here. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與過去時(shí)的比較：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示某一動作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在或已經(jīng)完成，強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果；而過去時(shí)表示發(fā)生在過去的動作，強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的動作。主動語態(tài)是指句中的主語是動作的執(zhí)行者，而被動語態(tài)的主語是動作的承受者。狀語從句分為時(shí)間、結(jié)果、讓步原因、條件及 行為方式狀語從句。 where 是關(guān)系副詞，用于表示地點(diǎn)的定語從句，而 when 用來表示時(shí)間。s health, which is known to everyone. 2. 狀語從句 狀語從句可分為：時(shí)間狀語從句（主要由 when, whenever, after, before, as, since, once, as soon as, until, while ） so……that such……that though, although, no matter, even if however, whatever as, because, since for is, whether, as long as, provided that where as The small greenish flowers of the elm tree appear in the spring, long before the leaves grow. Qiong Yao39。t change my mind of staying at home. 2 ）賓語從句 賓語從句可由 that, 疑問代詞或副詞 how, why 和 where 等引出。同位詞從句由 that 引導(dǎo)，也可由 whether, how, why, whe